Cisco CCNP 350-401 ENCOR Device Virtualization: Hypervisors, Virtual Machines, and Virtual Switching Practice Test 1

 

Topic 04 Practice Test 1 covers Device Virtualization: Hypervisors, Virtual Machines, and Virtual Switching for Cisco 350-401 ENCOR. For broader exam preparation, review the Cisco 350-401 ENCOR Exam Dumps. Every option includes focused technical reasoning explaining both the Cisco enterprise networking concept and its fit to the scenario.

Question 1

A data center team is selecting a production virtualization platform. The virtualization layer must install directly on the server and control its hardware resources without relying on a desktop host operating system. What architecture fits? Choose ONE.

1. Type 1 hypervisor
2. Type 2 hypervisor
3. Virtual machine
4. Virtual appliance

Correct Answer(s)

 

A

Rationale

1. Type 1 hypervisors run directly on server hardware and provide the virtualization layer without depending on a general-purpose host operating system. For Type 1 hypervisor, the relevant condition is the virtualization software must run directly on server hardware with no general-purpose host OS underneath.
2. A hosted hypervisor depends on an underlying operating system for device access and provides virtual machines above that host layer. For Type 2 hypervisor, the mismatch is the virtualization software must run directly on server hardware with no general-purpose host OS underneath; Type 1 hypervisor meets that condition instead.
3. A virtual machine is an isolated software-defined computer with virtual CPU memory storage and network devices presented by a hypervisor. For Virtual machine, the mismatch is the virtualization software must run directly on server hardware with no general-purpose host OS underneath; Type 1 hypervisor meets that condition instead.
4. Network functions such as firewalls can be delivered as prebuilt virtual machines rather than requiring a dedicated physical appliance. For Virtual appliance, the mismatch is the virtualization software must run directly on server hardware with no general-purpose host OS underneath; Type 1 hypervisor meets that condition instead.

 

Question 2

Network engineers want to run several router lab VMs on laptops while keeping the normal desktop operating system as the underlying platform. Which hypervisor model matches that requirement? Choose ONE.

1. Type 1 hypervisor
2. Virtual switch
3. Type 2 hypervisor
4. Dedicated host

Correct Answer(s)

 

C

Rationale

1. A bare-metal hypervisor controls hardware resources directly and hosts guest virtual machines as the primary virtualization platform. For Type 1 hypervisor, the mismatch is engineers need to run lab VMs as an application on their existing workstation operating systems; Type 2 hypervisor meets that condition instead.
2. Inside a hypervisor, software Layer 2 forwarding links guest interfaces and selected uplinks while keeping same-host traffic off the external access switch. For Virtual switch, the mismatch is engineers need to run lab VMs as an application on their existing workstation operating systems; Type 2 hypervisor meets that condition instead.
3. A hosted hypervisor depends on an underlying operating system for device access and provides virtual machines above that host layer. For Type 2 hypervisor, the relevant condition is engineers need to run lab VMs as an application on their existing workstation operating systems.
4. A dedicated host reserves the physical server for workloads belonging to one organization when tenancy or licensing requirements prohibit sharing the host. For Dedicated host, the mismatch is engineers need to run lab VMs as an application on their existing workstation operating systems; Type 2 hypervisor meets that condition instead.

 

Question 3

A developer needs an isolated guest operating system with its own virtual CPU, memory, disk, and network interfaces while sharing a physical server. What object provides that environment? Choose ONE.

1. Virtual switch
2. Virtual machine
3. Virtual NIC
4. Virtual appliance

Correct Answer(s)

 

B

Rationale

1. Inside a hypervisor, software Layer 2 forwarding links guest interfaces and selected uplinks while keeping same-host traffic off the external access switch. For Virtual switch, the mismatch is the workload needs its own guest operating system and virtual CPU memory disk and network devices on a shared host; Virtual machine meets that condition instead.
2. VMs package a guest operating system and applications behind virtualized hardware interfaces while sharing the underlying physical host. For Virtual machine, the relevant condition is the workload needs its own guest operating system and virtual CPU memory disk and network devices on a shared host.
3. A virtual NIC is the network interface presented to a guest virtual machine and connected to a virtual switch rather than directly to a physical port. For Virtual NIC, the mismatch is the workload needs its own guest operating system and virtual CPU memory disk and network devices on a shared host; Virtual machine meets that condition instead.
4. Network functions such as firewalls can be delivered as prebuilt virtual machines rather than requiring a dedicated physical appliance. For Virtual appliance, the mismatch is the workload needs its own guest operating system and virtual CPU memory disk and network devices on a shared host; Virtual machine meets that condition instead.

 

Question 4

Two virtual machines reside on the same hypervisor host and share a logical Layer 2 segment. Their local frames should be switched in software without leaving the server. Which component performs that function? Choose ONE.

1. Physical NIC uplink
2. Virtual NIC
3. Management network
4. Virtual switch

Correct Answer(s)

 

D

Rationale

1. External VM connectivity depends on a physical adapter assigned as a virtual-switch uplink when frames must leave the virtualization host. For Physical NIC uplink, the mismatch is two VMs on the same host must exchange Ethernet frames without sending their local traffic through the physical access switch; Virtual switch meets that condition instead.
2. A virtual NIC is the network interface presented to a guest virtual machine and connected to a virtual switch rather than directly to a physical port. For Virtual NIC, the mismatch is two VMs on the same host must exchange Ethernet frames without sending their local traffic through the physical access switch; Virtual switch meets that condition instead.
3. Virtualization management interfaces use a dedicated control path so host administration is not unnecessarily exposed on user workload segments. For Management network, the mismatch is two VMs on the same host must exchange Ethernet frames without sending their local traffic through the physical access switch; Virtual switch meets that condition instead.
4. Inside a hypervisor, software Layer 2 forwarding links guest interfaces and selected uplinks while keeping same-host traffic off the external access switch. For Virtual switch, the relevant condition is two VMs on the same host must exchange Ethernet frames without sending their local traffic through the physical access switch.

 

Question 5

A virtual machine’s operating system must see a network adapter, but the server has no physical adapter dedicated to that guest. Which virtual component provides the guest-facing interface? Choose ONE.

1. Physical NIC uplink
2. Virtual NIC
3. Virtual switch
4. VLAN-backed port group

Correct Answer(s)

 

B

Rationale

1. A physical NIC uplink connects a virtual switch to the external physical network and carries VM traffic that must leave the host. For Physical NIC uplink, the mismatch is the guest OS requires an Ethernet interface that attaches to the hypervisor switching layer rather than a dedicated physical port; Virtual NIC meets that condition instead.
2. The guest operating system sends and receives frames through a vNIC whose backing connectivity is provided by the hypervisor and virtual switch. For Virtual NIC, the relevant condition is the guest OS requires an Ethernet interface that attaches to the hypervisor switching layer rather than a dedicated physical port.
3. Inside a hypervisor, software Layer 2 forwarding links guest interfaces and selected uplinks while keeping same-host traffic off the external access switch. For Virtual switch, the mismatch is the guest OS requires an Ethernet interface that attaches to the hypervisor switching layer rather than a dedicated physical port; Virtual NIC meets that condition instead.
4. Port groups provide a logical attachment point for VM NICs and can map those attachments to specific VLAN connectivity. For VLAN-backed port group, the mismatch is the guest OS requires an Ethernet interface that attaches to the hypervisor switching layer rather than a dedicated physical port; Virtual NIC meets that condition instead.

 

Question 6

A VM can reach other guests on its host but cannot reach devices on the physical campus. Architects are checking the connection from the hypervisor’s virtual switch to the external Ethernet network. Which component is that? Choose ONE.

1. Physical NIC uplink
2. Virtual NIC
3. Virtual switch
4. East-west traffic

Correct Answer(s)

 

A

Rationale

1. Hypervisor uplinks map virtual switching to physical Ethernet interfaces so north-south traffic can reach external switches and routed networks. For Physical NIC uplink, the relevant condition is traffic from guest VMs must exit the host and reach the upstream physical Ethernet switch.
2. The hypervisor exposes a software network adapter to the guest, and that interface connects the VM to a selected virtual network attachment. For Virtual NIC, the mismatch is traffic from guest VMs must exit the host and reach the upstream physical Ethernet switch; Physical NIC uplink meets that condition instead.
3. A hypervisor’s software switching fabric learns and forwards Ethernet frames between attached VM interfaces and any configured external uplink paths. For Virtual switch, the mismatch is traffic from guest VMs must exit the host and reach the upstream physical Ethernet switch; Physical NIC uplink meets that condition instead.
4. East-west traffic flows laterally between workloads such as virtual machines or services rather than entering or leaving the data center through an external boundary. For East-west traffic, the mismatch is traffic from guest VMs must exit the host and reach the upstream physical Ethernet switch; Physical NIC uplink meets that condition instead.

 

Question 7

Several application VMs must attach to the same logical network and have their virtual switch connectivity associated with VLAN 120. Which virtual networking construct best represents that attachment point? Choose ONE.

1. Virtual NIC
2. Management network
3. Resource reservation
4. VLAN-backed port group

Correct Answer(s)

 

D

Rationale

1. The hypervisor exposes a software network adapter to the guest, and that interface connects the VM to a selected virtual network attachment. For Virtual NIC, the mismatch is a group of VM interfaces must join VLAN 120 through the virtual switching configuration; VLAN-backed port group meets that condition instead.
2. Virtualization management interfaces use a dedicated control path so host administration is not unnecessarily exposed on user workload segments. For Management network, the mismatch is a group of VM interfaces must join VLAN 120 through the virtual switching configuration; VLAN-backed port group meets that condition instead.
3. A resource reservation guarantees a defined minimum amount of compute or memory capacity to a virtual machine when contention occurs on the host. For Resource reservation, the mismatch is a group of VM interfaces must join VLAN 120 through the virtual switching configuration; VLAN-backed port group meets that condition instead.
4. Port groups provide a logical attachment point for VM NICs and can map those attachments to specific VLAN connectivity. For VLAN-backed port group, the relevant condition is a group of VM interfaces must join VLAN 120 through the virtual switching configuration.

 

Question 8

A business-critical VM becomes slow whenever many test VMs become busy. The architect must guarantee a defined minimum CPU allocation to the critical VM during contention. Which control should be applied? Choose ONE.

1. Resource limit
2. Resource overcommitment
3. Resource reservation
4. Anti-affinity placement

Correct Answer(s)

 

C

Rationale

1. Limits constrain a VM to an upper resource boundary and can intentionally prevent one guest from consuming excess shared capacity. For Resource limit, the mismatch is a critical VM must retain a minimum CPU entitlement even when other guests create heavy host contention; Resource reservation meets that condition instead.
2. Resource overcommitment assigns more virtual capacity than the physical host has available on the assumption that not every VM peaks simultaneously. For Resource overcommitment, the mismatch is a critical VM must retain a minimum CPU entitlement even when other guests create heavy host contention; Resource reservation meets that condition instead.
3. Reservations protect critical workloads from losing their required baseline resources when other VMs compete for shared host capacity. For Resource reservation, the relevant condition is a critical VM must retain a minimum CPU entitlement even when other guests create heavy host contention.
4. Anti-affinity placement keeps selected redundant virtual machines on different physical failure domains so one host outage does not remove every replica. For Anti-affinity placement, the mismatch is a critical VM must retain a minimum CPU entitlement even when other guests create heavy host contention; Resource reservation meets that condition instead.

 

Question 9

A shared virtualization cluster contains an untrusted development VM. Operations wants an enforced upper bound on CPU consumption even when unused processor capacity exists. Which control fits? Choose ONE.

1. Resource reservation
2. Resource overcommitment
3. Resource limit
4. CPU virtualization

Correct Answer(s)

 

C

Rationale

1. A resource reservation guarantees a defined minimum amount of compute or memory capacity to a virtual machine when contention occurs on the host. For Resource reservation, the mismatch is a development VM must never consume more than its approved CPU ceiling even when the host has spare capacity; Resource limit meets that condition instead.
2. Overcommit improves utilization but can create contention when aggregate guest demand exceeds the physical resources available at the same time. For Resource overcommitment, the mismatch is a development VM must never consume more than its approved CPU ceiling even when the host has spare capacity; Resource limit meets that condition instead.
3. A resource limit caps the maximum host resource a virtual machine can consume even when additional CPU or memory capacity is available. For Resource limit, the relevant condition is a development VM must never consume more than its approved CPU ceiling even when the host has spare capacity.
4. The hypervisor maps vCPUs to physical cores or hardware threads and arbitrates processor time among active virtual machines. For CPU virtualization, the mismatch is a development VM must never consume more than its approved CPU ceiling even when the host has spare capacity; Resource limit meets that condition instead.

 

Question 10

A server has far more vCPUs allocated across its VMs than physical CPU capacity. Performance is acceptable normally but degrades sharply when many guests become busy at once. Which design characteristic explains the risk? Choose ONE.

1. Resource overcommitment
2. Resource reservation
3. CPU virtualization
4. Dedicated host

Correct Answer(s)

 

A

Rationale

1. Overcommit improves utilization but can create contention when aggregate guest demand exceeds the physical resources available at the same time. For Resource overcommitment, the relevant condition is the host has more provisioned virtual CPU than physical execution capacity and performance collapses when many guests peak together.
2. A reservation protects a specified resource floor for an important guest, ensuring contention cannot consume capacity that has been guaranteed to it. For Resource reservation, the mismatch is the host has more provisioned virtual CPU than physical execution capacity and performance collapses when many guests peak together; Resource overcommitment meets that condition instead.
3. The hypervisor maps vCPUs to physical cores or hardware threads and arbitrates processor time among active virtual machines. For CPU virtualization, the mismatch is the host has more provisioned virtual CPU than physical execution capacity and performance collapses when many guests peak together; Resource overcommitment meets that condition instead.
4. A dedicated host reserves the physical server for workloads belonging to one organization when tenancy or licensing requirements prohibit sharing the host. For Dedicated host, the mismatch is the host has more provisioned virtual CPU than physical execution capacity and performance collapses when many guests peak together; Resource overcommitment meets that condition instead.

 

Question 11

Before patching a lab VM, an engineer needs a temporary point-in-time rollback and accepts that the rollback state remains tied to the virtualization storage. Which mechanism is appropriate? Choose ONE.

1. Independent backup
2. VM snapshot
3. Live migration
4. Virtual disk

Correct Answer(s)

 

B

Rationale

1. An independent backup copies protected data or VM state into separate recoverable storage so recovery is not dependent on the live virtual disk chain. For Independent backup, the mismatch is the team needs a short-lived rollback point before a controlled patch and understands it remains dependent on the VM storage chain; VM snapshot meets that condition instead.
2. Snapshots are useful for temporary rollback around controlled changes while remaining dependent on the virtualization storage and snapshot chain. For VM snapshot, the relevant condition is the team needs a short-lived rollback point before a controlled patch and understands it remains dependent on the VM storage chain.
3. Live migration moves a running virtual machine between compatible hosts with minimal service interruption when required compute network and storage prerequisites are met. For Live migration, the mismatch is the team needs a short-lived rollback point before a controlled patch and understands it remains dependent on the VM storage chain; VM snapshot meets that condition instead.
4. Guests interact with virtual disks through standard storage interfaces even though the hypervisor maps those devices onto underlying storage. For Virtual disk, the mismatch is the team needs a short-lived rollback point before a controlled patch and understands it remains dependent on the VM storage chain; VM snapshot meets that condition instead.

 

Question 12

An application owner requires a recoverable copy that remains useful even if the live VM storage and its snapshot chain are damaged. Which protection approach satisfies that failure boundary? Choose ONE.

1. VM snapshot
2. Virtual disk
3. Live migration
4. Independent backup

Correct Answer(s)

 

D

Rationale

1. Snapshots are useful for temporary rollback around controlled changes while remaining dependent on the virtualization storage and snapshot chain. For VM snapshot, the mismatch is the recovery requirement must survive corruption or loss of the VM’s active virtual disk and snapshot chain; Independent backup meets that condition instead.
2. A virtual disk presents block storage to a guest as if it were a local disk while the backing data resides in files volumes or virtual storage objects. For Virtual disk, the mismatch is the recovery requirement must survive corruption or loss of the VM’s active virtual disk and snapshot chain; Independent backup meets that condition instead.
3. VM mobility can relocate an active guest between hosts while preserving workload continuity if the destination has compatible resources and connectivity. For Live migration, the mismatch is the recovery requirement must survive corruption or loss of the VM’s active virtual disk and snapshot chain; Independent backup meets that condition instead.
4. An independent backup copies protected data or VM state into separate recoverable storage so recovery is not dependent on the live virtual disk chain. For Independent backup, the relevant condition is the recovery requirement must survive corruption or loss of the VM’s active virtual disk and snapshot chain.

 

Question 13

A web VM sends requests to an application VM and then to a database VM inside the same data center environment. How should this primarily internal workload-to-workload flow be classified? Choose ONE.

1. East-west traffic
2. North-south traffic
3. Management network
4. Physical NIC uplink

Correct Answer(s)

 

A

Rationale

1. East-west traffic flows laterally between workloads such as virtual machines or services rather than entering or leaving the data center through an external boundary. For East-west traffic, the relevant condition is the traffic remains between application tiers inside the virtualized data center rather than crossing an external edge.
2. Traffic leaving a virtual host toward external networks is north-south flow and depends on connectivity beyond the local virtual switch. For North-south traffic, the mismatch is the traffic remains between application tiers inside the virtualized data center rather than crossing an external edge; East-west traffic meets that condition instead.
3. A management network carries hypervisor administration and control traffic and should be separated appropriately from ordinary guest application data. For Management network, the mismatch is the traffic remains between application tiers inside the virtualized data center rather than crossing an external edge; East-west traffic meets that condition instead.
4. External VM connectivity depends on a physical adapter assigned as a virtual-switch uplink when frames must leave the virtualization host. For Physical NIC uplink, the mismatch is the traffic remains between application tiers inside the virtualized data center rather than crossing an external edge; East-west traffic meets that condition instead.

 

Question 14

Internet clients connect through the campus edge to a service running on a VM. The flow crosses from an external network into the virtualized workload environment. How should the flow be classified? Choose ONE.

1. East-west traffic
2. Virtual switch
3. Management network
4. North-south traffic

Correct Answer(s)

 

D

Rationale

1. Traffic between VMs on the same host or within the same virtualized environment is an east-west communication pattern. For East-west traffic, the mismatch is client requests arrive from outside the virtualized server environment and traverse the edge toward an internal VM; North-south traffic meets that condition instead.
2. Inside a hypervisor, software Layer 2 forwarding links guest interfaces and selected uplinks while keeping same-host traffic off the external access switch. For Virtual switch, the mismatch is client requests arrive from outside the virtualized server environment and traverse the edge toward an internal VM; North-south traffic meets that condition instead.
3. Virtualization management interfaces use a dedicated control path so host administration is not unnecessarily exposed on user workload segments. For Management network, the mismatch is client requests arrive from outside the virtualized server environment and traverse the edge toward an internal VM; North-south traffic meets that condition instead.
4. North-south traffic moves between internal workloads and external users networks or services and commonly traverses physical uplinks or edge devices. For North-south traffic, the relevant condition is client requests arrive from outside the virtualized server environment and traverse the edge toward an internal VM.

 

Question 15

Several virtual machines share the same physical server. The platform must keep each guest’s memory and execution context separated from the others. Which virtualization property provides that boundary? Choose ONE.

1. Dedicated host
2. Hypervisor isolation
3. Affinity placement
4. Virtual switch

Correct Answer(s)

 

B

Rationale

1. A dedicated host reserves the physical server for workloads belonging to one organization when tenancy or licensing requirements prohibit sharing the host. For Dedicated host, the mismatch is multiple tenants share physical CPU and memory but each VM must remain isolated from the execution context of other guests; Hypervisor isolation meets that condition instead.
2. The virtualization boundary enforces separation among guests while mediating their access to shared physical CPU memory storage and networking. For Hypervisor isolation, the relevant condition is multiple tenants share physical CPU and memory but each VM must remain isolated from the execution context of other guests.
3. Affinity placement intentionally places related workloads together when locality is more important than surviving a common host failure. For Affinity placement, the mismatch is multiple tenants share physical CPU and memory but each VM must remain isolated from the execution context of other guests; Hypervisor isolation meets that condition instead.
4. Software switching inside a hypervisor connects VM interfaces to each other and to physical adapters while enforcing configured Layer 2 behavior. For Virtual switch, the mismatch is multiple tenants share physical CPU and memory but each VM must remain isolated from the execution context of other guests; Hypervisor isolation meets that condition instead.

 

Question 16

A hypervisor host requires planned maintenance. Operations wants to move an active VM to another compatible host while minimizing service interruption. Which virtualization capability is designed for this? Choose ONE.

1. VM snapshot
2. Independent backup
3. Live migration
4. Affinity placement

Correct Answer(s)

 

C

Rationale

1. Snapshots are useful for temporary rollback around controlled changes while remaining dependent on the virtualization storage and snapshot chain. For VM snapshot, the mismatch is operations must evacuate a host for maintenance while keeping a VM running with minimal service interruption; Live migration meets that condition instead.
2. An independent backup copies protected data or VM state into separate recoverable storage so recovery is not dependent on the live virtual disk chain. For Independent backup, the mismatch is operations must evacuate a host for maintenance while keeping a VM running with minimal service interruption; Live migration meets that condition instead.
3. VM mobility can relocate an active guest between hosts while preserving workload continuity if the destination has compatible resources and connectivity. For Live migration, the relevant condition is operations must evacuate a host for maintenance while keeping a VM running with minimal service interruption.
4. Affinity placement intentionally places related workloads together when locality is more important than surviving a common host failure. For Affinity placement, the mismatch is operations must evacuate a host for maintenance while keeping a VM running with minimal service interruption; Live migration meets that condition instead.

 

Question 17

A server hosts many VMs whose guest operating systems each see one or more processors. Which function maps those virtual processors onto the host’s physical CPU execution resources? Choose ONE.

1. Memory virtualization
2. CPU virtualization
3. Resource reservation
4. Hardware passthrough

Correct Answer(s)

 

B

Rationale

1. Memory virtualization maps guest-visible memory to physical host memory and lets the hypervisor manage allocation isolation and contention. For Memory virtualization, the mismatch is the hypervisor must schedule multiple guest vCPUs onto the server’s physical processor resources; CPU virtualization meets that condition instead.
2. The hypervisor maps vCPUs to physical cores or hardware threads and arbitrates processor time among active virtual machines. For CPU virtualization, the relevant condition is the hypervisor must schedule multiple guest vCPUs onto the server’s physical processor resources.
3. A reservation protects a specified resource floor for an important guest, ensuring contention cannot consume capacity that has been guaranteed to it. For Resource reservation, the mismatch is the hypervisor must schedule multiple guest vCPUs onto the server’s physical processor resources; CPU virtualization meets that condition instead.
4. Passthrough trades some portability and sharing flexibility for more direct guest access to a specific physical device or function. For Hardware passthrough, the mismatch is the hypervisor must schedule multiple guest vCPUs onto the server’s physical processor resources; CPU virtualization meets that condition instead.

 

Question 18

Guest operating systems each see dedicated memory ranges, although the physical server RAM is shared and managed centrally. Which virtualization function creates that abstraction? Choose ONE.

1. CPU virtualization
2. Virtual disk
3. Resource limit
4. Memory virtualization

Correct Answer(s)

 

D

Rationale

1. The hypervisor maps vCPUs to physical cores or hardware threads and arbitrates processor time among active virtual machines. For CPU virtualization, the mismatch is each VM must see private addressable memory while the hypervisor controls how that memory consumes the server’s physical RAM; Memory virtualization meets that condition instead.
2. A virtual disk presents block storage to a guest as if it were a local disk while the backing data resides in files volumes or virtual storage objects. For Virtual disk, the mismatch is each VM must see private addressable memory while the hypervisor controls how that memory consumes the server’s physical RAM; Memory virtualization meets that condition instead.
3. Limits constrain a VM to an upper resource boundary and can intentionally prevent one guest from consuming excess shared capacity. For Resource limit, the mismatch is each VM must see private addressable memory while the hypervisor controls how that memory consumes the server’s physical RAM; Memory virtualization meets that condition instead.
4. Memory virtualization maps guest-visible memory to physical host memory and lets the hypervisor manage allocation isolation and contention. For Memory virtualization, the relevant condition is each VM must see private addressable memory while the hypervisor controls how that memory consumes the server’s physical RAM.

 

Question 19

A VM needs a disk device for its operating system, but the storage is actually backed by a hypervisor datastore rather than a dedicated physical drive. Which object provides the guest-visible disk? Choose ONE.

1. Virtual disk
2. VM snapshot
3. Independent backup
4. Virtual NIC

Correct Answer(s)

 

A

Rationale

1. A virtual disk presents block storage to a guest as if it were a local disk while the backing data resides in files volumes or virtual storage objects. For Virtual disk, the relevant condition is the guest operating system must see a normal disk device while the backing data is stored in hypervisor-managed files or storage volumes.
2. Snapshots are useful for temporary rollback around controlled changes while remaining dependent on the virtualization storage and snapshot chain. For VM snapshot, the mismatch is the guest operating system must see a normal disk device while the backing data is stored in hypervisor-managed files or storage volumes; Virtual disk meets that condition instead.
3. An independent backup copies protected data or VM state into separate recoverable storage so recovery is not dependent on the live virtual disk chain. For Independent backup, the mismatch is the guest operating system must see a normal disk device while the backing data is stored in hypervisor-managed files or storage volumes; Virtual disk meets that condition instead.
4. The guest operating system sends and receives frames through a vNIC whose backing connectivity is provided by the hypervisor and virtual switch. For Virtual NIC, the mismatch is the guest operating system must see a normal disk device while the backing data is stored in hypervisor-managed files or storage volumes; Virtual disk meets that condition instead.

 

Question 20

A specialized analytics VM requires direct access to a supported hardware accelerator because normal virtualized I/O adds unacceptable overhead. Which approach most directly provides that device access? Choose ONE.

1. Virtual NIC
2. Virtual switch
3. Hardware passthrough
4. Resource overcommitment

Correct Answer(s)

 

C

Rationale

1. A vNIC gives a guest its own logical Ethernet adapter while the virtualization platform maps that adapter into software switching. For Virtual NIC, the mismatch is a specialized workload needs reduced virtualization overhead by binding a physical accelerator function directly to the VM; Hardware passthrough meets that condition instead.
2. A virtual switch performs Layer 2 forwarding among virtual NICs and uplinks so virtual machines can communicate locally or reach physical networks. For Virtual switch, the mismatch is a specialized workload needs reduced virtualization overhead by binding a physical accelerator function directly to the VM; Hardware passthrough meets that condition instead.
3. Passthrough trades some portability and sharing flexibility for more direct guest access to a specific physical device or function. For Hardware passthrough, the relevant condition is a specialized workload needs reduced virtualization overhead by binding a physical accelerator function directly to the VM.
4. Resource overcommitment assigns more virtual capacity than the physical host has available on the assumption that not every VM peaks simultaneously. For Resource overcommitment, the mismatch is a specialized workload needs reduced virtualization overhead by binding a physical accelerator function directly to the VM; Hardware passthrough meets that condition instead.

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