Cisco CCNP 350-401 ENCOR eBGP, Policy-Based Routing, and Enterprise IP Services Practice Test 2

 

Topic 10 Practice Test 2 covers eBGP, Policy-Based Routing, and Enterprise IP Services for Cisco 350-401 ENCOR. For broader exam preparation, review the Cisco 350-401 ENCOR Exam Dumps. Every option includes focused technical reasoning explaining both the Cisco enterprise networking concept and its fit to the scenario.

Question 1

An engineer wants a compact view of directly connected BGP neighbors, their AS numbers, session states, and received prefix counts. Which verification command is the best starting point?

  1. `show netconf-yang sessions`
  2. `show ip bgp summary`
  3. `show spanning-tree summary`
  4. `show ip policy`

Correct Answer(s)

 

B

Rationale

  1. That command reports NETCONF sessions rather than BGP peers. Context: “an engineer wants a compact view of directly connected bgp”. The controlling choice is “`show ip bgp summary`”. Evidence: “neighbors their as numbers session states and received”.
  2. This command provides a concise peer overview including neighbor address, remote AS, state or uptime, and prefix information. It is a fast first check for whether a BGP neighbor relationship is Established.
  3. That command summarizes Layer 2 spanning-tree state and does not show BGP peer sessions. Context: “an engineer wants a compact view of directly connected bgp”. The controlling choice is “`show ip bgp summary`”. Evidence: “neighbors their as numbers session states and received”.
  4. This is useful for PBR attachment information, not BGP neighbor state and prefix counts. Context: “an engineer wants a compact view of directly connected bgp”. The controlling choice is “`show ip bgp summary`”. Evidence: “neighbors their as numbers session states and received”.

 

Question 2

A router has two candidate BGP paths. Path A has weight 200 and local preference 100. Path B has weight 0 and local preference 300. No special multipath behavior is configured. Which path is selected first by the Cisco best-path process?

  1. Path B because the highest numeric attribute of any type wins
  2. Both paths because weight and local preference cancel each other
  3. Path B because local preference always overrides weight
  4. Path A because weight is considered before local preference

Correct Answer(s)

 

D

Rationale

  1. BGP does not compare unrelated attribute numbers directly; it follows an ordered best-path process. Context: “a router has two candidate bgp paths path a has”. The controlling choice is “Path A because weight is considered before local preference”. Evidence: “weight 200 and local preference 100 path b”.
  2. These attributes are not mathematically combined; the earlier decisive attribute wins. Context: “a router has two candidate bgp paths path a has”. The controlling choice is “Path A because weight is considered before local preference”. Evidence: “weight 200 and local preference 100 path b”.
  3. On Cisco routers, weight is evaluated before local preference, so this ordering is incorrect. Context: “a router has two candidate bgp paths path a has”. The controlling choice is “Path A because weight is considered before local preference”. Evidence: “weight 200 and local preference 100 path b”.
  4. Cisco’s best-path sequence considers the locally significant weight attribute before local preference. A higher weight can therefore decide the path before the higher local preference on Path B is evaluated.

 

Question 3

Border-A sets local preference 250 on routes learned from ISP-A. Which routers should normally learn that preference through BGP?

  1. iBGP peers inside the same autonomous system
  2. Only the single interface on Border-A
  3. Every eBGP neighbor on the Internet
  4. Only routers running OSPF in area 0

Correct Answer(s)

 

A

Rationale

  1. Local preference is intended to guide outbound path selection throughout the local AS and is propagated to iBGP peers. It is not normally sent to external BGP neighbors. Context: “border a sets local preference 250 on routes learned from”. This answer directly implements “iBGP peers inside the same autonomous system”. Evidence: “isp a which routers should normally learn that”.
  2. Local preference is a BGP path attribute distributed within the local AS, not an interface-only property. Context: “border a sets local preference 250 on routes learned from”. The controlling choice is “iBGP peers inside the same autonomous system”. Evidence: “isp a which routers should normally learn that”.
  3. Local preference is not normally advertised across eBGP boundaries. Context: “border a sets local preference 250 on routes learned from”. The controlling choice is “iBGP peers inside the same autonomous system”. Evidence: “isp a which routers should normally learn that”.
  4. OSPF area membership does not define BGP local-preference propagation. Context: “border a sets local preference 250 on routes learned from”. The controlling choice is “iBGP peers inside the same autonomous system”. Evidence: “isp a which routers should normally learn that”.

 

Question 4

A router in AS 65010 receives an eBGP update whose AS_PATH already contains 65010. What is the normal loop-prevention behavior?

  1. Convert the route to an iBGP route
  2. Accept the route and remove 65010 from the path
  3. Reject the route because the local AS is already in the AS_PATH
  4. Accept it only if MED is lower than 100

Correct Answer(s)

 

C

Rationale

  1. Changing the route relationship would not solve the loop indicated by the AS_PATH. Context: “a router in as 65010 receives an ebgp update whose”. The controlling choice is “Reject the route because the local AS is already in the AS_PATH”. Evidence: “as path already contains 65010 what is the”.
  2. BGP does not normally sanitize its own AS out of the received path and accept it. Context: “a router in as 65010 receives an ebgp update whose”. The controlling choice is “Reject the route because the local AS is already in the AS_PATH”. Evidence: “as path already contains 65010 what is the”.
  3. BGP uses AS_PATH information for loop prevention. Seeing its own AS number in the received path normally indicates that accepting the route could reintroduce a routing loop. Context: “a router in as 65010 receives an ebgp update whose”. This answer directly implements “Reject the route because the local AS is already in the AS_PATH”. Evidence: “as path already contains 65010 what is the”.
  4. MED does not override the fundamental AS-loop check. Context: “a router in as 65010 receives an ebgp update whose”. The controlling choice is “Reject the route because the local AS is already in the AS_PATH”. Evidence: “as path already contains 65010 what is the”.

 

Question 5

Two BGP paths are tied through weight, local preference, local origination, and AS-path length. One path has origin IGP and the other has origin incomplete. Which is normally preferred at the origin step?

  1. The path with IGP origin
  2. The path with the numerically larger origin code
  3. Neither because origin is informational only
  4. The path with incomplete origin

Correct Answer(s)

 

A

Rationale

  1. In the BGP best-path sequence, a lower origin type is preferred: IGP is preferred over EGP, which is preferred over incomplete. With earlier attributes tied, the IGP-origin path wins here.
  2. Origin is not selected by choosing the larger numeric code; the preference ordering favors IGP. Context: “two bgp paths are tied through weight local preference local”. The controlling choice is “The path with IGP origin”. Evidence: “origination and as path length one path has”.
  3. Origin is a path attribute used in normal best-path selection when earlier attributes are tied. Context: “two bgp paths are tied through weight local preference local”. The controlling choice is “The path with IGP origin”. Evidence: “origination and as path length one path has”.
  4. Incomplete is less preferred than IGP at the origin comparison step. Context: “two bgp paths are tied through weight local preference local”. The controlling choice is “The path with IGP origin”. Evidence: “origination and as path length one path has”.

 

Question 6

Two routes have different MED values, but each was learned from a different neighboring autonomous system. What should an engineer remember before assuming the lower MED will win?

  1. MED is always compared globally before local preference
  2. MED is carried only inside OSPF
  3. MED is normally compared among paths from the same neighboring AS unless additional behavior is configured
  4. MED is identical to Cisco weight

Correct Answer(s)

 

C

Rationale

  1. Local preference is considered earlier, and default MED comparison is not global across unrelated neighboring ASes. Context: “two routes have different med values but each was learned”. The controlling choice is “MED is normally compared among paths from the same neighboring AS unless additional behavior is configured”. Evidence: “from a different neighboring autonomous system what should”.
  2. MED is a BGP attribute, not an OSPF-only metric. Context: “two routes have different med values but each was learned”. The controlling choice is “MED is normally compared among paths from the same neighboring AS unless additional behavior is configured”. Evidence: “from a different neighboring autonomous system what should”.
  3. MED is primarily a hint from one neighboring AS about preferred entry points. Default comparison behavior therefore does not simply compare MED across every unrelated neighboring AS. Context: “two routes have different med values but each was learned”. This answer directly implements “MED is normally compared among paths from the same neighboring AS unless additional behavior is configured”. Evidence: “from a different neighboring autonomous system what should”.
  4. Weight is a local Cisco attribute with different scope and position in best-path selection. Context: “two routes have different med values but each was learned”. The controlling choice is “MED is normally compared among paths from the same neighboring AS unless additional behavior is configured”. Evidence: “from a different neighboring autonomous system what should”.

 

Question 7

A branch eBGP peer should receive a default route from the hub without requiring the hub to advertise every Internet prefix. Which BGP neighbor feature is commonly used for this purpose?

  1. Enable spanning-tree PortFast
  2. Set the neighbor weight to 0
  3. Apply PBR to the branch-facing interface
  4. Originate a default route toward that neighbor

Correct Answer(s)

 

D

Rationale

  1. PortFast is a Layer 2 edge feature and has no role in BGP route origination. Context: “a branch ebgp peer should receive a default route from”. The controlling choice is “Originate a default route toward that neighbor”. Evidence: “the hub without requiring the hub to advertise”.
  2. Weight changes local best-path choice and does not originate a default prefix to the peer. Context: “a branch ebgp peer should receive a default route from”. The controlling choice is “Originate a default route toward that neighbor”. Evidence: “the hub without requiring the hub to advertise”.
  3. PBR affects packet forwarding after traffic arrives and does not advertise a BGP default route. Context: “a branch ebgp peer should receive a default route from”. The controlling choice is “Originate a default route toward that neighbor”. Evidence: “the hub without requiring the hub to advertise”.
  4. A neighbor default-originate policy can advertise 0.0.0.0/0 to a selected peer, optionally under policy conditions, without sending the full set of Internet routes. Context: “a branch ebgp peer should receive a default route from”. This answer directly implements “Originate a default route toward that neighbor”. Evidence: “the hub without requiring the hub to advertise”.

 

Question 8

A router must reject 198.51.100.0/24 when it is received from ISP-A but continue accepting other allowed routes. Where should the prefix filter be applied?

  1. As an interface PBR policy on the LAN
  2. Inbound on the BGP neighbor toward ISP-A
  3. As a VLAN access map on a user VLAN
  4. Outbound toward ISP-A

Correct Answer(s)

 

B

Rationale

  1. Packet-level PBR does not filter BGP routing updates. Context: “a router must reject 198 51 100 0 24 when”. The controlling choice is “Inbound on the BGP neighbor toward ISP-A”. Evidence: “it is received from isp a but continue”.
  2. Because the unwanted route is being received from ISP-A, an inbound neighbor prefix list or equivalent policy is the direct place to filter that NLRI before it becomes an accepted BGP path.
  3. A VLAN access map is not the direct BGP control for received prefixes. Context: “a router must reject 198 51 100 0 24 when”. The controlling choice is “Inbound on the BGP neighbor toward ISP-A”. Evidence: “it is received from isp a but continue”.
  4. Outbound filtering controls what the enterprise advertises to ISP-A, not what it accepts from that provider. Context: “a router must reject 198 51 100 0 24 when”. The controlling choice is “Inbound on the BGP neighbor toward ISP-A”. Evidence: “it is received from isp a but continue”.

 

Question 9

An enterprise tags a route with the well-known `no-export` community before sending it to an eBGP provider that honors standard communities. What outcome is intended?

  1. The provider must discard all packets matching the prefix
  2. The route becomes preferred because no-export raises local preference
  3. The route is converted into an OSPF external route
  4. The receiving AS should not advertise that route to peers outside its autonomous system

Correct Answer(s)

 

D

Rationale

  1. A BGP community influences route policy and does not directly drop data-plane packets. Context: “an enterprise tags a route with the well known no”. The controlling choice is “The receiving AS should not advertise that route to peers outside its autonomous system”. Evidence: “export community before sending it to an ebgp”.
  2. No-export does not inherently change local preference. Context: “an enterprise tags a route with the well known no”. The controlling choice is “The receiving AS should not advertise that route to peers outside its autonomous system”. Evidence: “export community before sending it to an ebgp”.
  3. The community does not perform route redistribution into OSPF. Context: “an enterprise tags a route with the well known no”. The controlling choice is “The receiving AS should not advertise that route to peers outside its autonomous system”. Evidence: “export community before sending it to an ebgp”.
  4. The no-export community is used to limit propagation beyond the receiving AS. It is a routing-policy signal, not a packet-forwarding instruction. Context: “an enterprise tags a route with the well known no”. This answer directly implements “The receiving AS should not advertise that route to peers outside its autonomous system”. Evidence: “export community before sending it to an ebgp”.

 

Question 10

An inbound BGP route map has a deny sequence that matches a specific prefix. What is the result for that matching BGP route?

  1. The matching route is rejected by that routing policy
  2. The route is sent to normal IP forwarding as a packet
  3. The route is accepted but its next hop is set to Null0
  4. The route is accepted with default local preference

Correct Answer(s)

 

A

Rationale

  1. For BGP policy, a route that matches a deny sequence is filtered rather than accepted with modified attributes. This differs from the forwarding behavior of a packet that simply fails to be policy-routed.
  2. The policy is evaluating a routing update, not a transit data packet. Context: “an inbound bgp route map has a deny sequence that”. The controlling choice is “The matching route is rejected by that routing policy”. Evidence: “matches a specific prefix what is the result”.
  3. A deny sequence does not automatically rewrite the route’s next hop. Context: “an inbound bgp route map has a deny sequence that”. The controlling choice is “The matching route is rejected by that routing policy”. Evidence: “matches a specific prefix what is the result”.
  4. The explicit deny filters the route instead of merely leaving its attributes unchanged. Context: “an inbound bgp route map has a deny sequence that”. The controlling choice is “The matching route is rejected by that routing policy”. Evidence: “matches a specific prefix what is the result”.

 

Question 11

A route map is intended to change local preference on routes as they enter the enterprise from a provider. Which BGP policy direction is required?

  1. Apply the route map with `ip policy route-map`
  2. Apply the route map inbound on that provider neighbor
  3. Apply the route map as a QoS service policy
  4. Apply the route map outbound on that provider neighbor

Correct Answer(s)

 

B

Rationale

  1. That is packet-level PBR on an interface rather than BGP route policy. Context: “a route map is intended to change local preference on”. The controlling choice is “Apply the route map inbound on that provider neighbor”. Evidence: “routes as they enter the enterprise from a”.
  2. Local preference must be set as the routes are received if the enterprise wants those learned paths to carry the modified internal preference. Inbound neighbor policy is therefore the appropriate direction.
  3. QoS service-policy attachment does not modify BGP route attributes. Context: “a route map is intended to change local preference on”. The controlling choice is “Apply the route map inbound on that provider neighbor”. Evidence: “routes as they enter the enterprise from a”.
  4. Outbound policy changes routes being advertised to the provider, not the attributes of routes learned from it. Context: “a route map is intended to change local preference on”. The controlling choice is “Apply the route map inbound on that provider neighbor”. Evidence: “routes as they enter the enterprise from a”.

 

Question 12

Two directly connected routers peer using the IP addresses on their shared link. The engineer unnecessarily configures `update-source Loopback0` on one side but the other side still points to the physical-link address. What is the most likely issue?

  1. The BGP AS_PATH becomes longer
  2. Local preference is reset to zero
  3. The TCP session may source from an address the peer is not configured to expect
  4. PBR is automatically enabled on Loopback0

Correct Answer(s)

 

C

Rationale

  1. Update-source changes the transport source address, not the AS_PATH attribute. Context: “two directly connected routers peer using the ip addresses on”. The controlling choice is “The TCP session may source from an address the peer is not configured to expect”. Evidence: “their shared link the engineer unnecessarily configures update”.
  2. Update-source has no direct effect on local preference. Context: “two directly connected routers peer using the ip addresses on”. The controlling choice is “The TCP session may source from an address the peer is not configured to expect”. Evidence: “their shared link the engineer unnecessarily configures update”.
  3. Changing update-source changes the local address used for the BGP TCP session. For an ordinary directly connected peer using interface addresses, inconsistent source and neighbor addresses can prevent the session from matching correctly.
  4. BGP update-source does not configure policy-based routing. Context: “two directly connected routers peer using the ip addresses on”. The controlling choice is “The TCP session may source from an address the peer is not configured to expect”. Evidence: “their shared link the engineer unnecessarily configures update”.

 

Question 13

An engineer needs to understand why one BGP path to 203.0.113.0/24 is selected over another and wants to inspect attributes such as weight, local preference, AS path, origin, and next hop. Which check is most useful?

  1. Inspect only the PBR interface attachment
  2. Inspect only the ARP table
  3. Inspect the BGP table entry for that specific prefix
  4. Inspect the spanning-tree root bridge

Correct Answer(s)

 

C

Rationale

  1. PBR attachment does not explain which BGP route won the control-plane best-path process. Context: “an engineer needs to understand why one bgp path to”. The controlling choice is “Inspect the BGP table entry for that specific prefix”. Evidence: “203 0 113 0 24 is selected over”.
  2. ARP resolves local Layer 2 adjacency and does not show the BGP path attributes needed for the comparison. Context: “an engineer needs to understand why one bgp path to”. The controlling choice is “Inspect the BGP table entry for that specific prefix”. Evidence: “203 0 113 0 24 is selected over”.
  3. A prefix-specific BGP display exposes the candidate paths and their path attributes, allowing the engineer to follow the best-path decision with actual evidence. Context: “an engineer needs to understand why one bgp path to”. This answer directly implements “Inspect the BGP table entry for that specific prefix”. Evidence: “203 0 113 0 24 is selected over”.
  4. STP state is unrelated to BGP best-path attributes. Context: “an engineer needs to understand why one bgp path to”. The controlling choice is “Inspect the BGP table entry for that specific prefix”. Evidence: “203 0 113 0 24 is selected over”.

 

Question 14

Two eBGP neighbors are directly connected on the same subnet and use their interface addresses for peering. Which statement best fits the normal design?

  1. Standard eBGP peering can use the directly connected addresses without eBGP multihop
  2. Both routers must use the same loopback address
  3. PBR must direct TCP 179 packets to the peer
  4. eBGP multihop is mandatory for every external peer

Correct Answer(s)

 

A

Rationale

  1. The ENCOR objective specifically covers eBGP between directly connected neighbors. Such peers normally establish directly using the shared-link addresses; multihop is not required for that topology. Context: “two ebgp neighbors are directly connected on the same subnet”. This answer directly implements “Standard eBGP peering can use the directly connected addresses without eBGP multihop”. Evidence: “and use their interface addresses for peering which”.
  2. Sharing one loopback address would create an addressing conflict and is not a BGP requirement. Context: “two ebgp neighbors are directly connected on the same subnet”. The controlling choice is “Standard eBGP peering can use the directly connected addresses without eBGP multihop”. Evidence: “and use their interface addresses for peering which”.
  3. Normal routing on the directly connected subnet is sufficient; PBR is not a standard prerequisite. Context: “two ebgp neighbors are directly connected on the same subnet”. The controlling choice is “Standard eBGP peering can use the directly connected addresses without eBGP multihop”. Evidence: “and use their interface addresses for peering which”.
  4. Multihop is used when eBGP peers are not directly connected or when the design otherwise requires a larger TTL; it is not mandatory for direct peers. Context: “two ebgp neighbors are directly connected on the same subnet”. The controlling choice is “Standard eBGP peering can use the directly connected addresses without eBGP multihop”. Evidence: “and use their interface addresses for peering which”.

 

Question 15

A packet entering an interface matches a `deny` sequence in the route map used for PBR. The destination is reachable through the ordinary routing table. What is the expected forwarding behavior?

  1. The packet is dropped immediately
  2. The packet is sent to the route map’s set next-hop anyway
  3. The packet is converted to locally generated traffic
  4. The packet is not policy-routed and is forwarded using normal destination routing

Correct Answer(s)

 

D

Rationale

  1. A PBR route-map deny is not the same as an ACL packet drop; it prevents policy routing and allows normal routing behavior. Context: “a packet entering an interface matches a deny sequence in”. The controlling choice is “The packet is not policy-routed and is forwarded using normal destination routing”. Evidence: “the route map used for pbr the destination”.
  2. A deny sequence does not apply the set action. Context: “a packet entering an interface matches a deny sequence in”. The controlling choice is “The packet is not policy-routed and is forwarded using normal destination routing”. Evidence: “the route map used for pbr the destination”.
  3. Transit traffic does not change origin merely because a PBR sequence denies policy treatment. Context: “a packet entering an interface matches a deny sequence in”. The controlling choice is “The packet is not policy-routed and is forwarded using normal destination routing”. Evidence: “the route map used for pbr the destination”.
  4. In PBR, a deny match means the policy route action is not applied to that packet. The router can still perform the ordinary routing-table lookup instead of dropping the packet solely because of the route-map deny.

 

Question 16

An engineer wants a PBR policy to select treatment based partly on the IP packet length rather than only source or destination addresses. Which route-map match capability is designed for that criterion?

  1. `match spanning-tree`
  2. `match length`
  3. `match local-preference`
  4. `match community`

Correct Answer(s)

 

B

Rationale

  1. Spanning-tree is a Layer 2 topology protocol and is not a PBR packet-length criterion. Context: “an engineer wants a pbr policy to select treatment based”. The controlling choice is “`match length`”. Evidence: “partly on the ip packet length rather than”.
  2. Policy-based routing supports matching packet length ranges in a route map. That lets the policy distinguish traffic by packet size before applying a set action. Context: “an engineer wants a pbr policy to select treatment based”. This answer directly implements “`match length`”. Evidence: “partly on the ip packet length rather than”.
  3. Local preference is a BGP route attribute and does not classify transit packets by their size. Context: “an engineer wants a pbr policy to select treatment based”. The controlling choice is “`match length`”. Evidence: “partly on the ip packet length rather than”.
  4. A BGP community classifies routes, not ordinary IP packets by packet length. Context: “an engineer wants a pbr policy to select treatment based”. The controlling choice is “`match length`”. Evidence: “partly on the ip packet length rather than”.

 

Question 17

An interface should have PBR applied, but traffic follows the ordinary route. Which verification step most directly confirms whether a route map is attached to the interface for policy routing?

  1. Use `show spanning-tree vlan`
  2. Use `show netconf-yang sessions`
  3. Use `show ip bgp summary`
  4. Use a command such as `show ip policy` to inspect interface PBR attachment

Correct Answer(s)

 

D

Rationale

  1. Spanning-tree output does not report Layer 3 PBR configuration. Context: “an interface should have pbr applied but traffic follows the”. The controlling choice is “Use a command such as `show ip policy` to inspect interface PBR attachment”. Evidence: “ordinary route which verification step most directly confirms”.
  2. NETCONF session status is unrelated to interface policy routing. Context: “an interface should have pbr applied but traffic follows the”. The controlling choice is “Use a command such as `show ip policy` to inspect interface PBR attachment”. Evidence: “ordinary route which verification step most directly confirms”.
  3. BGP summary verifies peer state and does not show whether PBR is attached to an interface. Context: “an interface should have pbr applied but traffic follows the”. The controlling choice is “Use a command such as `show ip policy` to inspect interface PBR attachment”. Evidence: “ordinary route which verification step most directly confirms”.
  4. `show ip policy` identifies interfaces configured for policy routing and the route maps associated with them. That directly tests whether the expected policy is actually attached. Context: “an interface should have pbr applied but traffic follows the”. This answer directly implements “Use a command such as `show ip policy` to inspect interface PBR attachment”. Evidence: “ordinary route which verification step most directly confirms”.

 

Question 18

A PBR route map is attached correctly, but the engineer is unsure whether packets are matching its intended sequence. Which evidence is most useful?

  1. Inspect the route-map match counters and policy statistics
  2. Compare only BGP AS-path lengths
  3. Check the STP forwarding state
  4. Change the local preference of the default route

Correct Answer(s)

 

A

Rationale

  1. Route-map statistics can show whether the intended sequence is receiving packet matches. That distinguishes an attachment problem from a classifier that is simply not matching the traffic. Context: “a pbr route map is attached correctly but the engineer”. This answer directly implements “Inspect the route-map match counters and policy statistics”. Evidence: “is unsure whether packets are matching its intended”.
  2. AS-path information does not prove whether transit packets are matching a PBR route-map sequence. Context: “a pbr route map is attached correctly but the engineer”. The controlling choice is “Inspect the route-map match counters and policy statistics”. Evidence: “is unsure whether packets are matching its intended”.
  3. Layer 2 STP state does not expose PBR match counts. Context: “a pbr route map is attached correctly but the engineer”. The controlling choice is “Inspect the route-map match counters and policy statistics”. Evidence: “is unsure whether packets are matching its intended”.
  4. Local preference is a BGP control-plane attribute and would not diagnose the route-map classifier. Context: “a pbr route map is attached correctly but the engineer”. The controlling choice is “Inspect the route-map match counters and policy statistics”. Evidence: “is unsure whether packets are matching its intended”.

 

Question 19

A PBR route map should match packets sourced from 10.50.0.0/16. The ACL used by the route map instead permits destination 10.50.0.0/16, so no intended traffic matches. What should be corrected?

  1. Increase the interface MTU
  2. Change the BGP remote AS
  3. The ACL criteria should classify the source network that the policy is meant to steer
  4. Enable NETCONF on the router

Correct Answer(s)

 

C

Rationale

  1. MTU does not change which source addresses an ACL matches. Context: “a pbr route map should match packets sourced from 10”. The controlling choice is “The ACL criteria should classify the source network that the policy is meant to steer”. Evidence: “50 0 0 16 the acl used by”.
  2. The issue is packet classification inside the PBR route map, not BGP neighbor establishment. Context: “a pbr route map should match packets sourced from 10”. The controlling choice is “The ACL criteria should classify the source network that the policy is meant to steer”. Evidence: “50 0 0 16 the acl used by”.
  3. PBR route-map matching depends on the ACL semantics referenced by the match statement. If the design is source-sensitive, the ACL must identify the relevant source addresses rather than an unrelated destination criterion.
  4. NETCONF programmability does not correct an ACL that matches the wrong address field. Context: “a pbr route map should match packets sourced from 10”. The controlling choice is “The ACL criteria should classify the source network that the policy is meant to steer”. Evidence: “50 0 0 16 the acl used by”.

 

Question 20

Interactive business traffic should use a low-latency dedicated link while bulk backup traffic should use the standard route. The destination prefixes overlap. Which feature is specifically suited to this requirement?

  1. BGP AS-path prepending on the internal router
  2. Policy-based routing with classification that distinguishes the traffic classes
  3. RSTP port priority
  4. A single static route to the destination prefix

Correct Answer(s)

 

B

Rationale

  1. AS-path prepending is a route-advertisement technique and does not classify local traffic types. Context: “interactive business traffic should use a low latency dedicated link”. The controlling choice is “Policy-based routing with classification that distinguishes the traffic classes”. Evidence: “while bulk backup traffic should use the standard”.
  2. PBR can steer packets based on criteria other than destination alone, including source, protocol, or other match conditions. That makes it suitable when overlapping destinations need different forwarding treatment. Context: “interactive business traffic should use a low latency dedicated link”. This answer directly implements “Policy-based routing with classification that distinguishes the traffic classes”. Evidence: “while bulk backup traffic should use the standard”.
  3. Spanning-tree port priority influences Layer 2 topology and does not implement application-sensitive IP forwarding. Context: “interactive business traffic should use a low latency dedicated link”. The controlling choice is “Policy-based routing with classification that distinguishes the traffic classes”. Evidence: “while bulk backup traffic should use the standard”.
  4. One destination route cannot distinguish interactive traffic from backup traffic when both use the same destinations. Context: “interactive business traffic should use a low latency dedicated link”. The controlling choice is “Policy-based routing with classification that distinguishes the traffic classes”. Evidence: “while bulk backup traffic should use the standard”.

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