Topic 12 Practice Test 1 covers Single-Area OSPFv2 and FHRP for Cisco Certified Network Associate 200-301 CCNA and maps to objectives 3.4–3.5. For broader exam preparation, review the Cisco CCNA 200-301 Exam Dumps. Every option includes focused technical reasoning explaining both the networking concept and its fit to the scenario.
Question 1
Northstar wants two routers to form an OSPFv2 adjacency on one subnet. Which parameter must agree for the interfaces to belong to the same OSPF area? Choose ONE.
- Device hostname
- OSPF area ID
- HSRP group number
- OSPF process ID
Correct Answer: B
Correct Answer
Answer B is correct because OSPF neighbors on a link must agree on the area assignment; an area mismatch prevents them from becoming adjacent. For CHG-8517 at Northstar, the branch administrator checks Northstar’s protocol state; CHG-8517 is judged from the observable result at Northstar. For CHG-8517, this choice fits Northstar: the branch administrator gets the required Northstar outcome and can verify CHG-8517 directly.
Incorrect Answers
Answer D is incorrect because The locally configured process ID does not have to match between routers. For CHG-8517 at Northstar, the branch administrator checks Northstar’s protocol state; CHG-8517 is judged from the observable result at Northstar. For CHG-8517, this choice fails Northstar: the branch administrator leaves the required Northstar condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q01, should reject it for chg-8517.
Answer A is incorrect because Hostnames are not exchanged as an OSPF adjacency parameter. For CHG-8517 at Northstar, the branch administrator checks Northstar’s protocol state; CHG-8517 is judged from the observable result at Northstar. For CHG-8517, this choice fails Northstar: the branch administrator leaves the required Northstar condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q01, should reject it for chg-8517.
Answer C is incorrect because HSRP group numbering is independent of OSPF neighbor formation. For CHG-8517 at Northstar, the branch administrator checks Northstar’s protocol state; CHG-8517 is judged from the observable result at Northstar. For CHG-8517, this choice fails Northstar: the branch administrator leaves the required Northstar condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q01, should reject it for chg-8517.
Question 2
Two Quartz OSPF neighbors use hello/dead timers 10/40 and 5/20. What must happen before adjacency can form? Choose ONE.
- Make the OSPF process IDs identical
- Make the OSPF hello and dead intervals compatible on both ends
- Use the same interface description text
- Make the router hostnames identical
Correct Answer: B
Correct Answer
Answer B is correct because OSPF neighbor formation requires matching timer values on a shared network so both routers agree on liveness expectations. For CHG-8534 at Quartz, the change reviewer checks Quartz’s protocol state; CHG-8534 is judged from the observable result at Quartz. For CHG-8534, this choice fits Quartz: the change reviewer gets the required Quartz outcome and can verify CHG-8534 directly.
Incorrect Answers
Answer A is incorrect because Process IDs are locally significant and need not match. For CHG-8534 at Quartz, the change reviewer checks Quartz’s protocol state; CHG-8534 is judged from the observable result at Quartz. For CHG-8534, this choice fails Quartz: the change reviewer leaves the required Quartz condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q02, should reject it for chg-8534.
Answer D is incorrect because OSPF does not require identical hostnames. For CHG-8534 at Quartz, the change reviewer checks Quartz’s protocol state; CHG-8534 is judged from the observable result at Quartz. For CHG-8534, this choice fails Quartz: the change reviewer leaves the required Quartz condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q02, should reject it for chg-8534.
Answer C is incorrect because Descriptions are operational labels and do not participate in OSPF adjacency formation. For CHG-8534 at Quartz, the change reviewer checks Quartz’s protocol state; CHG-8534 is judged from the observable result at Quartz. For CHG-8534, this choice fails Quartz: the change reviewer leaves the required Quartz condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q02, should reject it for chg-8534.
Question 3
Timber routers share an Ethernet VLAN but one interface is configured for a different IP subnet. What OSPF prerequisite is missing? Choose ONE.
- The routers must use the same HSRP priority
- The routers must use the same router ID
- The peers must have compatible Layer 3 addressing on the shared link
- The routers must use the same OSPF process ID
Correct Answer: C
Correct Answer
Answer C is correct because OSPFv2 neighbors on a normal shared link need mutually reachable interface addressing in the same subnet in addition to compatible OSPF parameters. For CHG-8551 at Timber, the branch administrator checks Timber’s protocol state; CHG-8551 is judged from the observable result at Timber. For CHG-8551, this choice fits Timber: the branch administrator gets the required Timber outcome and can verify CHG-8551 directly.
Incorrect Answers
Answer B is incorrect because Router IDs must be unique rather than identical. For CHG-8551 at Timber, the branch administrator checks Timber’s protocol state; CHG-8551 is judged from the observable result at Timber. For CHG-8551, this choice fails Timber: the branch administrator leaves the required Timber condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q03, should reject it for chg-8551.
Answer D is incorrect because Process IDs can differ because they are locally significant. For CHG-8551 at Timber, the branch administrator checks Timber’s protocol state; CHG-8551 is judged from the observable result at Timber. For CHG-8551, this choice fails Timber: the branch administrator leaves the required Timber condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q03, should reject it for chg-8551.
Answer A is incorrect because HSRP priority has no bearing on OSPF neighbor addressing. For CHG-8551 at Timber, the branch administrator checks Timber’s protocol state; CHG-8551 is judged from the observable result at Timber. For CHG-8551, this choice fails Timber: the branch administrator leaves the required Timber condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q03, should reject it for chg-8551.
Question 4
Willow wants deterministic OSPF identification. Which configuration provides an explicit router ID? Choose ONE.
- router-id under the OSPF process
- standby priority on the LAN interface
- ip default-gateway
- service timestamps
Correct Answer: A
Correct Answer
Answer A is correct because An explicitly configured OSPF router ID overrides automatic router-ID selection and gives the process a deterministic identifier. For CHG-8568 at Willow, the change reviewer checks Willow’s protocol state; CHG-8568 is judged from the observable result at Willow. For CHG-8568, this choice fits Willow: the change reviewer gets the required Willow outcome and can verify CHG-8568 directly.
Incorrect Answers
Answer B is incorrect because HSRP priority selects an HSRP active router and does not define OSPF identity. For CHG-8568 at Willow, the change reviewer checks Willow’s protocol state; CHG-8568 is judged from the observable result at Willow. For CHG-8568, this choice fails Willow: the change reviewer leaves the required Willow condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q04, should reject it for chg-8568.
Answer C is incorrect because Default gateway configuration does not set the OSPF router ID. For CHG-8568 at Willow, the change reviewer checks Willow’s protocol state; CHG-8568 is judged from the observable result at Willow. For CHG-8568, this choice fails Willow: the change reviewer leaves the required Willow condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q04, should reject it for chg-8568.
Answer D is incorrect because Logging timestamp settings are unrelated to OSPF identity. For CHG-8568 at Willow, the change reviewer checks Willow’s protocol state; CHG-8568 is judged from the observable result at Willow. For CHG-8568, this choice fails Willow: the change reviewer leaves the required Willow condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q04, should reject it for chg-8568.
Question 5
No explicit router ID is set at Zephyr. Which address type is preferred by traditional IOS OSPF router-ID selection when loopbacks exist? Choose ONE.
- The HSRP virtual IP address
- The highest IPv4 address on an up/up loopback interface
- The default route next hop
- The lowest physical-interface IPv4 address
Correct Answer: B
Correct Answer
Answer B is correct because Without an explicit router ID, IOS traditionally prefers the highest IPv4 address on an available loopback over physical-interface addresses. For CHG-8585 at Zephyr, the branch administrator checks Zephyr’s protocol state; CHG-8585 is judged from the observable result at Zephyr. For CHG-8585, this choice fits Zephyr: the branch administrator gets the required Zephyr outcome and can verify CHG-8585 directly.
Incorrect Answers
Answer D is incorrect because The traditional automatic rule does not prefer the lowest physical address when a loopback is available. For CHG-8585 at Zephyr, the branch administrator checks Zephyr’s protocol state; CHG-8585 is judged from the observable result at Zephyr. For CHG-8585, this choice fails Zephyr: the branch administrator leaves the required Zephyr condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q05, should reject it for chg-8585.
Answer A is incorrect because An FHRP virtual gateway is not used as the OSPF router ID selection source. For CHG-8585 at Zephyr, the branch administrator checks Zephyr’s protocol state; CHG-8585 is judged from the observable result at Zephyr. For CHG-8585, this choice fails Zephyr: the branch administrator leaves the required Zephyr condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q05, should reject it for chg-8585.
Answer C is incorrect because A routing-table next hop is unrelated to OSPF router-ID selection. For CHG-8585 at Zephyr, the branch administrator checks Zephyr’s protocol state; CHG-8585 is judged from the observable result at Zephyr. For CHG-8585, this choice fails Zephyr: the branch administrator leaves the required Zephyr condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q05, should reject it for chg-8585.
Question 6
On a Canyon broadcast Ethernet segment, which router is favored for OSPF DR election when interface priorities differ? Choose ONE.
- The router with the lowest OSPF cost
- The router with the highest OSPF interface priority
- The router with the highest HSRP priority
- The router with the lowest router ID regardless of priority
Correct Answer: B
Correct Answer
Answer B is correct because On broadcast and NBMA networks, OSPF elects the highest eligible interface priority first; router ID breaks a priority tie. For CHG-8602 at Canyon, the change reviewer checks Canyon’s protocol state; CHG-8602 is judged from the observable result at Canyon. For CHG-8602, this choice fits Canyon: the change reviewer gets the required Canyon outcome and can verify CHG-8602 directly.
Incorrect Answers
Answer A is incorrect because Interface cost affects route calculation, not DR election priority. For CHG-8602 at Canyon, the change reviewer checks Canyon’s protocol state; CHG-8602 is judged from the observable result at Canyon. For CHG-8602, this choice fails Canyon: the change reviewer leaves the required Canyon condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q06, should reject it for chg-8602.
Answer D is incorrect because Router ID is a tie-breaker after priority, and higher rather than lower ID wins the tie. For CHG-8602 at Canyon, the change reviewer checks Canyon’s protocol state; CHG-8602 is judged from the observable result at Canyon. For CHG-8602, this choice fails Canyon: the change reviewer leaves the required Canyon condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q06, should reject it for chg-8602.
Answer C is incorrect because HSRP and OSPF elections are independent mechanisms. For CHG-8602 at Canyon, the change reviewer checks Canyon’s protocol state; CHG-8602 is judged from the observable result at Canyon. For CHG-8602, this choice fails Canyon: the change reviewer leaves the required Canyon condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q06, should reject it for chg-8602.
Question 7
What effect does OSPF interface priority 0 have on a Frontier broadcast segment? Choose ONE.
- It sets OSPF cost to zero
- It forces the router to become DR
- It makes the router ineligible for DR or BDR election
- It disables OSPF entirely on the interface
Correct Answer: C
Correct Answer
Answer C is correct because OSPF priority 0 removes the router from DR/BDR candidacy while still allowing it to participate as a neighbor. For CHG-8619 at Frontier, the branch administrator checks Frontier’s protocol state; CHG-8619 is judged from the observable result at Frontier. For CHG-8619, this choice fits Frontier: the branch administrator gets the required Frontier outcome and can verify CHG-8619 directly.
Incorrect Answers
Answer B is incorrect because Priority 0 has the opposite effect and prevents election. For CHG-8619 at Frontier, the branch administrator checks Frontier’s protocol state; CHG-8619 is judged from the observable result at Frontier. For CHG-8619, this choice fails Frontier: the branch administrator leaves the required Frontier condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q07, should reject it for chg-8619.
Answer D is incorrect because The interface can still run OSPF and form adjacencies even though it cannot become DR or BDR. For CHG-8619 at Frontier, the branch administrator checks Frontier’s protocol state; CHG-8619 is judged from the observable result at Frontier. For CHG-8619, this choice fails Frontier: the branch administrator leaves the required Frontier condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q07, should reject it for chg-8619.
Answer A is incorrect because DR election priority and path cost are separate interface parameters. For CHG-8619 at Frontier, the branch administrator checks Frontier’s protocol state; CHG-8619 is judged from the observable result at Frontier. For CHG-8619, this choice fails Frontier: the branch administrator leaves the required Frontier condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q07, should reject it for chg-8619.
Question 8
What OSPF DR/BDR behavior applies to a Ironwood point-to-point network type? Choose ONE.
- No DR or BDR is elected on a point-to-point OSPF network
- A DR is mandatory on every OSPF network type
- The higher router ID should always become DR
- HSRP must elect the DR instead
Correct Answer: A
Correct Answer
Answer A is correct because Point-to-point OSPF links do not need DR/BDR election because only two peers share the link. For CHG-8636 at Ironwood, the change reviewer checks Ironwood’s protocol state; CHG-8636 is judged from the observable result at Ironwood. For CHG-8636, this choice fits Ironwood: the change reviewer gets the required Ironwood outcome and can verify CHG-8636 directly.
Incorrect Answers
Answer B is incorrect because DR/BDR roles are specific to multiaccess network types such as broadcast and NBMA. For CHG-8636 at Ironwood, the change reviewer checks Ironwood’s protocol state; CHG-8636 is judged from the observable result at Ironwood. For CHG-8636, this choice fails Ironwood: the change reviewer leaves the required Ironwood condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q08, should reject it for chg-8636.
Answer C is incorrect because Router ID election logic does not create DR roles on a point-to-point network type. For CHG-8636 at Ironwood, the change reviewer checks Ironwood’s protocol state; CHG-8636 is judged from the observable result at Ironwood. For CHG-8636, this choice fails Ironwood: the change reviewer leaves the required Ironwood condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q08, should reject it for chg-8636.
Answer D is incorrect because HSRP is a first-hop redundancy protocol and does not supply OSPF DR roles. For CHG-8636 at Ironwood, the change reviewer checks Ironwood’s protocol state; CHG-8636 is judged from the observable result at Ironwood. For CHG-8636, this choice fails Ironwood: the change reviewer leaves the required Ironwood condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q08, should reject it for chg-8636.
Question 9
On a Lakeview broadcast Ethernet OSPF network with multiple routers, what control-plane roles reduce full-mesh LSA exchange? Choose ONE.
- HSRP active and standby replace OSPF neighbors
- A designated router and backup designated router are elected
- Only static routes are exchanged on Ethernet
- Every router forms FULL adjacency with every other router
Correct Answer: B
Correct Answer
Answer B is correct because Broadcast OSPF uses DR and BDR roles to centralize adjacency and flooding behavior and reduce the number of full adjacencies required. For CHG-8653 at Lakeview, the branch administrator checks Lakeview’s protocol state; CHG-8653 is judged from the observable result at Lakeview. For CHG-8653, this choice fits Lakeview: the branch administrator gets the required Lakeview outcome and can verify CHG-8653 directly.
Incorrect Answers
Answer D is incorrect because Broadcast OSPF deliberately avoids a full-mesh of full adjacencies among all DROTHER routers. For CHG-8653 at Lakeview, the branch administrator checks Lakeview’s protocol state; CHG-8653 is judged from the observable result at Lakeview. For CHG-8653, this choice fails Lakeview: the branch administrator leaves the required Lakeview condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q09, should reject it for chg-8653.
Answer A is incorrect because HSRP default-gateway roles are separate from OSPF database exchange. For CHG-8653 at Lakeview, the branch administrator checks Lakeview’s protocol state; CHG-8653 is judged from the observable result at Lakeview. For CHG-8653, this choice fails Lakeview: the branch administrator leaves the required Lakeview condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q09, should reject it for chg-8653.
Answer C is incorrect because OSPF remains a dynamic link-state protocol on Ethernet and can exchange LSAs through the elected roles. For CHG-8653 at Lakeview, the branch administrator checks Lakeview’s protocol state; CHG-8653 is judged from the observable result at Lakeview. For CHG-8653, this choice fails Lakeview: the branch administrator leaves the required Lakeview condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q09, should reject it for chg-8653.
Question 10
Which command is most direct for viewing OSPF neighbor states at Alder? Choose ONE.
- show ip route static
- show ip ospf neighbor
- show standby
- show spanning-tree
Correct Answer: B
Correct Answer
Answer B is correct because This command displays OSPFv2 neighbors, including neighbor IDs, priorities, states, dead timers, addresses, and interfaces. For CHG-8670 at Alder, the change reviewer checks Alder’s protocol state; CHG-8670 is judged from the observable result at Alder. For CHG-8670, this choice fits Alder: the change reviewer gets the required Alder outcome and can verify CHG-8670 directly.
Incorrect Answers
Answer A is incorrect because That filters static routes and does not report OSPF neighbor state. For CHG-8670 at Alder, the change reviewer checks Alder’s protocol state; CHG-8670 is judged from the observable result at Alder. For CHG-8670, this choice fails Alder: the change reviewer leaves the required Alder condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q10, should reject it for chg-8670.
Answer D is incorrect because Spanning Tree verifies Layer 2 loop-prevention state rather than OSPF adjacency. For CHG-8670 at Alder, the change reviewer checks Alder’s protocol state; CHG-8670 is judged from the observable result at Alder. For CHG-8670, this choice fails Alder: the change reviewer leaves the required Alder condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q10, should reject it for chg-8670.
Answer C is incorrect because `show standby` verifies HSRP groups and roles, not OSPF neighbors. For CHG-8670 at Alder, the change reviewer checks Alder’s protocol state; CHG-8670 is judged from the observable result at Alder. For CHG-8670, this choice fails Alder: the change reviewer leaves the required Alder condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q10, should reject it for chg-8670.
Question 11
Router A uses `router ospf 10` and Router B uses `router ospf 99` at Delta. All adjacency parameters otherwise match. Must the process IDs be changed to match? Choose ONE.
- No; because HSRP automatically translates the process ID
- Yes; process IDs must be identical on every OSPF neighbor
- No; OSPF process IDs are locally significant
- Yes; process ID must equal the area ID
Correct Answer: C
Correct Answer
Answer C is correct because The process ID identifies a local IOS routing process and is not an adjacency parameter that must match between neighboring routers. For CHG-8687 at Delta, the branch administrator checks Delta’s protocol state; CHG-8687 is judged from the observable result at Delta. For CHG-8687, this choice fits Delta: the branch administrator gets the required Delta outcome and can verify CHG-8687 directly.
Incorrect Answers
Answer B is incorrect because Matching process IDs are not required for OSPF neighbor formation. For CHG-8687 at Delta, the branch administrator checks Delta’s protocol state; CHG-8687 is judged from the observable result at Delta. For CHG-8687, this choice fails Delta: the branch administrator leaves the required Delta condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q11, should reject it for chg-8687.
Answer D is incorrect because Process ID and area ID are separate concepts and can have different values. For CHG-8687 at Delta, the branch administrator checks Delta’s protocol state; CHG-8687 is judged from the observable result at Delta. For CHG-8687, this choice fails Delta: the branch administrator leaves the required Delta condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q11, should reject it for chg-8687.
Answer A is incorrect because HSRP has no role in OSPF process-ID handling. For CHG-8687 at Delta, the branch administrator checks Delta’s protocol state; CHG-8687 is judged from the observable result at Delta. For CHG-8687, this choice fails Delta: the branch administrator leaves the required Delta condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q11, should reject it for chg-8687.
Question 12
Granite uses `network 10.20.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 0` under OSPF. What is the command primarily selecting? Choose ONE.
- Which local interfaces participate in OSPF and the area assigned to them
- A route that is statically installed in the RIB
- The HSRP virtual network
- The DNS search domain
Correct Answer: A
Correct Answer
Answer A is correct because The IOS OSPF network statement matches local interface addresses with a wildcard and enables the process on matching interfaces in the specified area. For CHG-8704 at Granite, the change reviewer checks Granite’s protocol state; CHG-8704 is judged from the observable result at Granite. For CHG-8704, this choice fits Granite: the change reviewer gets the required Granite outcome and can verify CHG-8704 directly.
Incorrect Answers
Answer B is incorrect because The OSPF network statement is not a static routing command. For CHG-8704 at Granite, the change reviewer checks Granite’s protocol state; CHG-8704 is judged from the observable result at Granite. For CHG-8704, this choice fails Granite: the change reviewer leaves the required Granite condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q12, should reject it for chg-8704.
Answer C is incorrect because HSRP virtual gateways are configured on interfaces and are unrelated to OSPF network-statement matching. For CHG-8704 at Granite, the change reviewer checks Granite’s protocol state; CHG-8704 is judged from the observable result at Granite. For CHG-8704, this choice fails Granite: the change reviewer leaves the required Granite condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q12, should reject it for chg-8704.
Answer D is incorrect because DNS domain configuration has no connection to OSPF interface selection. For CHG-8704 at Granite, the change reviewer checks Granite’s protocol state; CHG-8704 is judged from the observable result at Granite. For CHG-8704, this choice fails Granite: the change reviewer leaves the required Granite condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q12, should reject it for chg-8704.
Question 13
Which interface-level command enables OSPF process 10 in area 0 on a Juniper interface? Choose ONE.
- ip helper-address 10.0.0.1
- ip ospf 10 area 0
- ip nat inside
- standby 10 ip 10.0.0.1
Correct Answer: B
Correct Answer
Answer B is correct because The interface command directly associates the interface with OSPF process 10 and area 0. For CHG-8721 at Juniper, the branch administrator checks Juniper’s protocol state; CHG-8721 is judged from the observable result at Juniper. For CHG-8721, this choice fits Juniper: the branch administrator gets the required Juniper outcome and can verify CHG-8721 directly.
Incorrect Answers
Answer D is incorrect because That enables an HSRP group and virtual IP rather than OSPF. For CHG-8721 at Juniper, the branch administrator checks Juniper’s protocol state; CHG-8721 is judged from the observable result at Juniper. For CHG-8721, this choice fails Juniper: the branch administrator leaves the required Juniper condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q13, should reject it for chg-8721.
Answer A is incorrect because That configures UDP broadcast relay such as DHCP, not OSPF. For CHG-8721 at Juniper, the branch administrator checks Juniper’s protocol state; CHG-8721 is judged from the observable result at Juniper. For CHG-8721, this choice fails Juniper: the branch administrator leaves the required Juniper condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q13, should reject it for chg-8721.
Answer C is incorrect because That marks an interface for NAT translation direction and does not enable OSPF. For CHG-8721 at Juniper, the branch administrator checks Juniper’s protocol state; CHG-8721 is judged from the observable result at Juniper. For CHG-8721, this choice fails Juniper: the branch administrator leaves the required Juniper condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q13, should reject it for chg-8721.
Question 14
Mesa wants OSPF to advertise a user LAN but not send hellos toward end hosts. Which feature fits? Choose ONE.
- Set the OSPF interface priority to 0
- OSPF passive interface
- Configure HSRP preempt
- Disable IP routing
Correct Answer: B
Correct Answer
Answer B is correct because A passive OSPF interface suppresses hello packets and neighbor formation while the connected network can still be advertised by the OSPF process. For CHG-8738 at Mesa, the change reviewer checks Mesa’s protocol state; CHG-8738 is judged from the observable result at Mesa. For CHG-8738, this choice fits Mesa: the change reviewer gets the required Mesa outcome and can verify CHG-8738 directly.
Incorrect Answers
Answer A is incorrect because Priority 0 blocks DR/BDR election but the interface still sends hellos and can form neighbors. For CHG-8738 at Mesa, the change reviewer checks Mesa’s protocol state; CHG-8738 is judged from the observable result at Mesa. For CHG-8738, this choice fails Mesa: the change reviewer leaves the required Mesa condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q14, should reject it for chg-8738.
Answer D is incorrect because Disabling routing would break the routing function rather than selectively suppress OSPF hellos. For CHG-8738 at Mesa, the change reviewer checks Mesa’s protocol state; CHG-8738 is judged from the observable result at Mesa. For CHG-8738, this choice fails Mesa: the change reviewer leaves the required Mesa condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q14, should reject it for chg-8738.
Answer C is incorrect because HSRP preemption controls first-hop active-router selection, not OSPF hello transmission. For CHG-8738 at Mesa, the change reviewer checks Mesa’s protocol state; CHG-8738 is judged from the observable result at Mesa. For CHG-8738, this choice fails Mesa: the change reviewer leaves the required Mesa condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q14, should reject it for chg-8738.
Question 15
Pioneer has two OSPF paths to a destination with costs 15 and 30. Which path is preferred? Choose ONE.
- The path with the higher process ID
- The path with higher cost
- The path with lower total OSPF cost
- The path through the HSRP active router regardless of cost
Correct Answer: C
Correct Answer
Answer C is correct because OSPF uses cost as its path metric and prefers the lower accumulated cost to the destination. For CHG-8755 at Pioneer, the branch administrator checks Pioneer’s protocol state; CHG-8755 is judged from, under t12-pt1-q15, the observable result at pioneer. For CHG-8755, this choice fits Pioneer: the branch administrator gets the required Pioneer outcome and can verify CHG-8755 directly.
Incorrect Answers
Answer B is incorrect because Higher OSPF cost is less preferred. For CHG-8755 at Pioneer, the branch administrator checks Pioneer’s protocol state; CHG-8755 is judged from, under t12-pt1-q15, the observable result at pioneer. For CHG-8755, this choice fails Pioneer: the branch administrator leaves the required Pioneer condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q15, should reject it for chg-8755.
Answer D is incorrect because HSRP first-hop roles do not override OSPF metric calculation for routed destinations. For CHG-8755 at Pioneer, the branch administrator checks Pioneer’s protocol state; CHG-8755 is judged from the observable result at Pioneer. For CHG-8755, this choice fails Pioneer: the branch administrator leaves the required Pioneer condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q15, should reject it for chg-8755.
Answer A is incorrect because The local OSPF process ID is not a route-selection metric. For CHG-8755 at Pioneer, the branch administrator checks Pioneer’s protocol state; CHG-8755 is judged from the observable result at Pioneer. For CHG-8755, this choice fails Pioneer: the branch administrator leaves the required Pioneer condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q15, should reject it for chg-8755.
Question 16
What address should Summit hosts normally use as their default gateway when HSRP provides gateway redundancy? Choose ONE.
- The HSRP virtual IP address
- The current active router’s physical IP address
- The OSPF router ID
- The DNS server IP address
Correct Answer: A
Correct Answer
Answer A is correct because HSRP presents a shared virtual gateway IP that remains the host default gateway while active responsibility moves between routers. For CHG-8772 at Summit, the change reviewer checks Summit’s protocol state; CHG-8772 is judged from, under t12-pt1-q16, the observable result at summit. For CHG-8772, this choice fits Summit: the change reviewer gets the required Summit outcome and can verify CHG-8772 directly.
Incorrect Answers
Answer B is incorrect because Using a physical address ties clients to one device and defeats transparent FHRP failover. For CHG-8772 at Summit, the change reviewer checks Summit’s protocol state; CHG-8772 is judged from, under t12-pt1-q16, the observable result at summit. For CHG-8772, this choice fails Summit: the change reviewer leaves the required Summit condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q16, should reject it for chg-8772.
Answer C is incorrect because Router ID identifies an OSPF process and is not a host default-gateway address. For CHG-8772 at Summit, the change reviewer checks Summit’s protocol state; CHG-8772 is judged from the observable result at Summit. For CHG-8772, this choice fails Summit: the change reviewer leaves the required Summit condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q16, should reject it for chg-8772.
Answer D is incorrect because DNS provides name resolution, not first-hop gateway redundancy. For CHG-8772 at Summit, the change reviewer checks Summit’s protocol state; CHG-8772 is judged from the observable result at Summit. For CHG-8772, this choice fails Summit: the change reviewer leaves the required Summit condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q16, should reject it for chg-8772.
Question 17
In an HSRP group at Vector, which router forwards packets for the virtual gateway during normal operation? Choose ONE.
- The OSPF DR
- The active HSRP router
- Every HSRP group member simultaneously
- The standby HSRP router
Correct Answer: B
Correct Answer
Answer B is correct because HSRP elects one active device to forward traffic for the virtual gateway, with a standby device ready to assume the role on failure. For CHG-8789 at Vector, the branch administrator checks Vector’s protocol state; CHG-8789 is judged from, under t12-pt1-q17, the observable result at vector. For CHG-8789, this choice fits Vector: the branch administrator gets the required Vector outcome and can verify CHG-8789 directly.
Incorrect Answers
Answer D is incorrect because The standby is prepared for failover but does not normally forward traffic on behalf of the virtual gateway while the active device is healthy. For CHG-8789 at Vector, the branch administrator checks Vector’s protocol state; CHG-8789 is judged from, under t12-pt1-q17, the observable result at vector. For CHG-8789, this choice fails Vector: the branch administrator leaves the required Vector condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q17, should reject it for chg-8789.
Answer A is incorrect because OSPF DR status controls LSA exchange on a segment and is independent of HSRP forwarding roles. For CHG-8789 at Vector, the branch administrator checks Vector’s protocol state; CHG-8789 is judged from the observable result at Vector. For CHG-8789, this choice fails Vector: the branch administrator leaves the required Vector condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q17, should reject it for chg-8789.
Answer C is incorrect because HSRP normal operation designates a single active forwarder for the virtual gateway rather than all members forwarding identically. For CHG-8789 at Vector, the branch administrator checks Vector’s protocol state; CHG-8789 is judged from the observable result at Vector. For CHG-8789, this choice fails Vector: the branch administrator leaves the required Vector condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q17, should reject it for chg-8789.
Question 18
Routers A and B at Yarrow use HSRP priorities 120 and 100, and both are eligible. Which router is preferred to become active? Choose ONE.
- Router B with priority 100
- Router A with priority 120
- The router with the lower process ID
- The router with the lower OSPF cost
Correct Answer: B
Correct Answer
Answer B is correct because HSRP prefers the device with the higher configured priority; the default priority is 100 when no different value is set. For CHG-8806 at Yarrow, the change reviewer checks Yarrow’s protocol state; CHG-8806 is judged from, under t12-pt1-q18, the observable result at yarrow. For CHG-8806, this choice fits Yarrow: the change reviewer gets the required Yarrow outcome and can verify CHG-8806 directly.
Incorrect Answers
Answer A is incorrect because A lower HSRP priority is less preferred when other election conditions are equal. For CHG-8806 at Yarrow, the change reviewer checks Yarrow’s protocol state; CHG-8806 is judged from, under t12-pt1-q18, the observable result at yarrow. For CHG-8806, this choice fails Yarrow: the change reviewer leaves the required Yarrow condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q18, should reject it for chg-8806.
Answer D is incorrect because OSPF cost does not select the HSRP active device. For CHG-8806 at Yarrow, the change reviewer checks Yarrow’s protocol state; CHG-8806 is judged from the observable result at Yarrow. For CHG-8806, this choice fails Yarrow: the change reviewer leaves the required Yarrow condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q18, should reject it for chg-8806.
Answer C is incorrect because OSPF process IDs are unrelated to HSRP election. For CHG-8806 at Yarrow, the change reviewer checks Yarrow’s protocol state; CHG-8806 is judged from the observable result at Yarrow. For CHG-8806, this choice fails Yarrow: the change reviewer leaves the required Yarrow condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q18, should reject it for chg-8806.
Question 19
A higher-priority HSRP router at Birch returns after an outage, but the lower-priority router remains active. Which feature allows the preferred router to retake active status? Choose ONE.
- DHCP relay
- OSPF passive-interface
- HSRP preempt
- NAT overload
Correct Answer: C
Correct Answer
Answer C is correct because Preemption allows a router with a better HSRP priority to take the active role from a currently active lower-priority peer after it becomes eligible. For CHG-8823 at Birch, the branch administrator checks Birch’s protocol state; CHG-8823 is judged from, under t12-pt1-q19, the observable result at birch. For CHG-8823, this choice fits Birch: the branch administrator gets the required Birch outcome and can verify CHG-8823 directly.
Incorrect Answers
Answer B is incorrect because That suppresses OSPF hellos and has no effect on HSRP role reclamation. For CHG-8823 at Birch, the branch administrator checks Birch’s protocol state; CHG-8823 is judged from, under t12-pt1-q19, the observable result at birch. For CHG-8823, this choice fails Birch: the branch administrator leaves the required Birch condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q19, should reject it for chg-8823.
Answer D is incorrect because PAT changes address/port translation and does not affect FHRP election. For CHG-8823 at Birch, the branch administrator checks Birch’s protocol state; CHG-8823 is judged from the observable result at Birch. For CHG-8823, this choice fails Birch: the branch administrator leaves the required Birch condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q19, should reject it for chg-8823.
Answer A is incorrect because DHCP relay forwards client broadcasts and cannot control HSRP active selection. For CHG-8823 at Birch, the branch administrator checks Birch’s protocol state; CHG-8823 is judged from the observable result at Birch. For CHG-8823, this choice fails Birch: the branch administrator leaves the required Birch condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q19, should reject it for chg-8823.
Question 20
Elm wants HSRP to reduce a router’s priority if its WAN uplink fails. Which function is designed for this? Choose ONE.
- HSRP interface/object tracking
- OSPF router-ID selection
- Static route recursion
- DNS caching
Correct Answer: A
Correct Answer
Answer A is correct because Tracking can decrement HSRP priority when an important interface or object fails, allowing a healthier peer to become active. For CHG-8840 at Elm, the change reviewer checks Elm’s protocol state; CHG-8840 is judged from, under t12-pt1-q20, the observable result at elm. For CHG-8840, this choice fits Elm: the change reviewer gets the required Elm outcome and can verify CHG-8840 directly.
Incorrect Answers
Answer B is incorrect because Router ID does not monitor uplink health for HSRP. For CHG-8840 at Elm, the change reviewer checks Elm’s protocol state; CHG-8840 is judged from, under t12-pt1-q20, the observable result at elm. For CHG-8840, this choice fails Elm: the change reviewer leaves the required Elm condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q20, should reject it for chg-8840.
Answer C is incorrect because Recursive route resolution does not directly adjust HSRP election priority. For CHG-8840 at Elm, the change reviewer checks Elm’s protocol state; CHG-8840 is judged from the observable result at Elm. For CHG-8840, this choice fails Elm: the change reviewer leaves the required Elm condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q20, should reject it for chg-8840.
Answer D is incorrect because DNS cache state has no relationship to first-hop redundancy priority. For CHG-8840 at Elm, the change reviewer checks Elm’s protocol state; CHG-8840 is judged from the observable result at Elm. For CHG-8840, this choice fails Elm: the change reviewer leaves the required Elm condition unmet and, under t12-pt1-q20, should reject it for chg-8840.
