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Question 161
You are designing a solution that needs to securely expose an internal application hosted on an Azure virtual machine (VM) to external users via HTTPS. The solution must ensure that traffic is inspected and blocked if it contains malicious payloads or other security threats. Which service should you use?
A) Azure Firewall
B) Azure Application Gateway with Web Application Firewall (WAF)
C) Azure Load Balancer
D) Azure DDoS Protection
Answer: B)
Explanation:
A) Azure Firewall: Azure Firewall is a cloud-native, stateful network firewall service that protects Azure virtual networks from external and internal threats. While it provides traffic inspection, logging, and rule-based traffic filtering, it does not specifically inspect HTTP/HTTPS traffic for web application security threats, such as SQL injection or cross-site scripting (XSS).
B) Azure Application Gateway with Web Application Firewall (WAF): Azure Application Gateway is a Layer 7 (application layer) load balancer that can handle HTTP/HTTPS traffic and offers additional security features through its Web Application Firewall (WAF). The WAF is specifically designed to protect applications from common web vulnerabilities, such as SQL injection, cross-site scripting (XSS), and other OWASP Top 10 threats. This makes it the best option for securely exposing internal applications to external users while ensuring that malicious payloads are blocked.
C) Azure Load Balancer: Azure Load Balancer operates at Layer 4 (TCP/UDP) and provides traffic distribution for both internal and external services. It does not inspect HTTP/HTTPS traffic or provide application security features. Its primary function is traffic distribution, not security inspection.
D) Azure DDoS Protection: Azure DDoS Protection helps mitigate Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. While it is crucial for protecting applications from large-scale attacks that flood the network, it does not inspect or filter application traffic for vulnerabilities like SQL injection or XSS.
Question 162
You need to implement a solution that allows for secure, high-speed connectivity between your on-premises data center and Azure. The solution must ensure that traffic between the two environments is routed through a private, dedicated connection and does not traverse the public internet. Which solution should you implement?
A) Azure VPN Gateway
B) Azure ExpressRoute
C) Azure Virtual Network Peering
D) Azure Load Balancer
Answer: B)
Explanation:
A) Azure VPN Gateway: Azure VPN Gateway creates a secure connection between on-premises networks and Azure over the public internet. While it encrypts the traffic to ensure privacy, it still uses the internet to route the data. This is suitable for scenarios where you need to establish a secure connection but cannot guarantee private, low-latency, or high-bandwidth connectivity.
B) Azure ExpressRoute: ExpressRoute is designed specifically for high-performance, private connections between on-premises data centers and Azure. It bypasses the public internet entirely and uses private, dedicated circuits to route traffic between Azure and your on-premises network. This ensures the highest level of security, low-latency, and high-bandwidth connectivity, making it the best solution for securely connecting on-premises data centers to Azure without traversing the public internet.
C) Azure Virtual Network Peering: Azure Virtual Network Peering connects two Azure VNets, allowing resources in different VNets to communicate with each other. While peering enables secure communication, it is not a solution for connecting on-premises data centers to Azure. Additionally, peering traffic still passes through Azure’s backbone network, not a private, dedicated connection.
D) Azure Load Balancer: Azure Load Balancer is a Layer 4 (TCP/UDP) traffic distribution service within Azure. It does not provide any form of connection between on-premises networks and Azure.Azure ExpressRoute is the correct choice for a private, dedicated connection that ensures secure, high-speed communication between your on-premises data center and Azure.
Question 163
You are designing a solution for a multi-tier application hosted in Azure. The application will have web servers, application servers, and database servers. The database servers should only be accessible by the application servers, and the application servers should only be accessible by the web servers. Which Azure feature should you use to enforce this isolation between the tiers?
A) Network Security Groups (NSG)
B) Azure Virtual Network Peering
C) Azure Load Balancer
D) Azure Firewall
Answer: A)
Explanation:
A) Network Security Groups (NSG): Network Security Groups (NSGs) allow you to define inbound and outbound traffic rules to control access to Azure resources. By applying NSGs to the subnets or network interfaces of the web servers, application servers, and database servers, you can enforce the desired isolation between the tiers of your multi-tier application. For example, you can configure an NSG rule that only allows traffic from the web servers to the application servers, and only from the application servers to the database servers, ensuring tight isolation and security between the different tiers.
B) Azure Virtual Network Peering: Azure Virtual Network Peering connects two virtual networks in Azure, allowing them to communicate with each other. While it provides network connectivity between VNets, it does not provide traffic control or isolation between different tiers of an application hosted within the same virtual network. Peering is typically used to connect resources in different VNets, but it does not provide security or access control within a single VNet.
C) Azure Load Balancer: Azure Load Balancer is a traffic distribution service that balances incoming network traffic across multiple instances of a service or application. While it helps ensure high availability, it does not provide isolation or access control between different tiers of an application.
D) Azure Firewall: Azure Firewall is a cloud-native firewall service that can inspect and control traffic between Azure resources, including inter-VNet traffic. While it provides advanced security features, such as threat intelligence and filtering, it is more complex to configure than NSGs for simple tier isolation and is typically used for securing traffic between VNets or controlling inbound/outbound traffic to Azure resources. Network Security Groups (NSG) is the best choice for controlling access between the tiers of a multi-tier application hosted in Azure.
Question 164
You need to implement a solution that allows Azure virtual machines (VMs) in different regions to securely communicate with each other over a private connection. The solution must minimize the need for routing traffic over the public internet. Which Azure feature should you use?
A) Azure VPN Gateway
B) Azure ExpressRoute
C) Azure Virtual Network Peering
D) Azure Traffic Manager
Answer: C)
Explanation:
A) Azure VPN Gateway: Azure VPN Gateway creates a secure connection between virtual networks in Azure and on-premises networks over the public internet. While it can connect virtual networks in different regions, it uses the public internet for routing traffic. Therefore, it does not provide a fully private connection between virtual networks.
B) Azure ExpressRoute: ExpressRoute provides private, dedicated connections between on-premises networks and Azure. While it offers excellent performance and security, ExpressRoute is not typically used for connecting Azure VNets across regions. It is more appropriate for connecting on-premises infrastructure to Azure with private connectivity.
C) Azure Virtual Network Peering: Azure Virtual Network Peering allows you to securely connect virtual networks, including those in different regions, over Azure’s private backbone network. This option minimizes the need for traffic to traverse the public internet and ensures secure and low-latency communication between VNets. By using VNet Peering, Azure virtual machines in different regions can communicate over private, high-speed links, making this the best option for your requirements.
D) Azure Traffic Manager: Azure Traffic Manager is a DNS-based traffic routing service that directs client requests to the best-performing endpoints. It is typically used for global load balancing across Azure regions or other endpoints, but it does not provide secure, private communication between virtual networks. It operates at the DNS level and is not suitable for the requirement of private, secure communication between VNets.Azure Virtual Network Peering is the correct solution for enabling private, secure communication between Azure virtual machines in different regions.
Question 165
You need to deploy a solution to protect your Azure virtual machines (VMs) from malicious internet traffic. The solution must filter traffic based on both IP address and port. Which Azure service should you implement?
A) Azure Firewall
B) Azure Network Security Group (NSG)
C) Azure DDoS Protection
D) Azure Application Gateway
Answer: B)
Explanation:
A) Azure Firewall: Azure Firewall is a fully managed network security service that provides both filtering and protection against malicious traffic. While Azure Firewall can filter traffic based on IP address and port, it is more complex to set up and is typically used for more advanced traffic filtering between VNets or between Azure and on-premises networks.
B) Azure Network Security Group (NSG): Network Security Groups (NSGs) are used to control inbound and outbound traffic to network interfaces (NICs), VMs, and subnets based on IP address, port, and protocol. NSGs are a lightweight and easy-to-use solution to filter traffic at the network interface or subnet level. They allow you to apply rules to restrict access based on IP addresses and ports, making them the ideal solution for protecting Azure VMs from malicious internet traffic.
C) Azure DDoS Protection: Azure DDoS Protection is designed to protect your Azure resources from Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. It provides mitigation against large-scale attacks that aim to overwhelm your network, but it does not offer fine-grained filtering based on IP address or port. It is not specifically designed for filtering traffic to VMs based on these criteria.
D) Azure Application Gateway: Azure Application Gateway is a Layer 7 load balancer with advanced features like SSL termination and Web Application Firewall (WAF). It is designed to protect web applications from HTTP/HTTPS-based attacks, but it does not provide filtering based on IP address and port in the way that NSGs do.
Azure Network Security Group (NSG) is the best choice for filtering traffic to protect Azure virtual machines from malicious traffic based on IP address and port.
Question 166
You are configuring a solution that involves multiple virtual machines (VMs) in Azure across different subnets. You need to implement a solution to control network traffic between these VMs, ensuring that traffic can be allowed or denied based on specific criteria. Which of the following should you implement to control access between the VMs?
A) Network Security Group (NSG)
B) Azure Firewall
C) Application Gateway
D) Azure DDoS Protection
Answer: A)
Explanation:
A) Network Security Group (NSG): A Network Security Group (NSG) is used to define inbound and outbound traffic rules based on IP address, port, and protocol. NSGs can be applied to individual network interfaces or entire subnets in Azure. This solution allows you to control traffic between VMs, making it ideal for the use case where you need to control access between multiple VMs across different subnets. NSGs are a fundamental tool for securing Azure resources at the network level.
B) Azure Firewall: Azure Firewall is a more comprehensive security solution that provides threat protection and traffic filtering for Azure VNets. While Azure Firewall can filter traffic between subnets or between VNets, it is typically used for more complex network segmentation and inter-VNet traffic filtering rather than controlling traffic between VMs within the same VNet or subnet.
C) Application Gateway: Azure Application Gateway is a Layer 7 (HTTP/HTTPS) load balancer with additional features like SSL termination and Web Application Firewall (WAF). It is designed to distribute web traffic across multiple backend services, but it is not intended for controlling general network traffic or enforcing security rules between VMs at the IP level.
D) Azure DDoS Protection: Azure DDoS Protection is focused on mitigating Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. It is not used for controlling traffic between resources, such as VMs, within an Azure VNet. DDoS Protection ensures that your applications are protected from large-scale DDoS attacks, but it does not offer fine-grained control over network traffic.Network Security Group (NSG) is the correct solution to control network traffic between VMs across different subnets in Azure by allowing or denying traffic based on specific criteria like IP address and port.
Question 167
You are deploying an Azure solution that involves hosting a web application. The application should be globally distributed and have the ability to automatically route traffic to the nearest available region based on the user’s geographic location. Which Azure service should you use to achieve this?
A) Azure Traffic Manager
B) Azure Front Door
C) Azure Application Gateway
D) Azure Load Balancer
Answer: B)
Explanation:
A) Azure Traffic Manager: Azure Traffic Manager is a DNS-based traffic routing service that allows you to distribute user traffic across multiple endpoints based on routing policies such as geographic location, performance, or failover. While it is a suitable solution for traffic distribution across multiple regions, it operates at the DNS level and does not directly handle HTTP/HTTPS traffic or provide application-specific features like SSL offloading or web application firewall (WAF) protection.
B) Azure Front Door: Azure Front Door is designed to provide global load balancing for web applications, automatically routing user traffic to the nearest available region. It operates at the HTTP/HTTPS layer and offers features such as URL-based routing, SSL offloading, and Web Application Firewall (WAF) protection. Azure Front Door allows for low-latency routing and ensures that your web application is globally distributed and resilient.
C) Azure Application Gateway: Azure Application Gateway is a Layer 7 (HTTP/HTTPS) load balancer for distributing web traffic within a single region. While it supports features like URL-based routing, SSL termination, and Web Application Firewall (WAF), it does not provide global traffic routing or automatic geographic-based traffic redirection like Azure Front Door.
D) Azure Load Balancer: Azure Load Balancer is a Layer 4 (TCP/UDP) load balancer that distributes traffic across multiple VMs within a region. It does not support geographic-based routing, global distribution, or HTTP/HTTPS traffic-specific features, making it less suitable for the requirement of routing traffic based on user location. Azure Front Door is the best solution for globally distributing web traffic and automatically routing users to the nearest available region based on their geographic location.
Question 168
You need to create a secure connection between an on-premises network and an Azure virtual network (VNet). The solution must ensure that the traffic between the on-premises network and the VNet is encrypted and transmitted over a private connection. Which of the following solutions should you implement?
A) Azure VPN Gateway
B) Azure ExpressRoute
C) Azure Virtual Network Peering
D) Azure Load Balancer
Answer: B)
Explanation:
A) Azure VPN Gateway: Azure VPN Gateway creates secure IPsec VPN tunnels over the public internet to connect Azure VNets or on-premises networks. While it ensures that traffic is encrypted, it does not provide a private, dedicated connection. Traffic still traverses the public internet, which could introduce latency and potential performance concerns.
B) Azure ExpressRoute: Azure ExpressRoute provides a private, dedicated connection between an on-premises network and Azure, bypassing the public internet entirely. This solution ensures that traffic is transmitted securely and reliably over a private connection with low latency and high bandwidth. ExpressRoute is ideal for mission-critical applications that require private connectivity with strong performance guarantees.
C) Azure Virtual Network Peering: Virtual Network Peering connects two VNets within Azure. It provides private connectivity between resources within different VNets but does not establish a connection between on-premises networks and Azure. It does not support secure encryption of traffic over the public internet.
D) Azure Load Balancer: Azure Load Balancer distributes network traffic across multiple Azure VMs but does not facilitate secure connections between on-premises networks and Azure. It operates at the TCP/UDP layer and is used for distributing traffic within Azure, not for securely connecting on-premises networks to Azure. Azure ExpressRoute is the correct solution for creating a secure, encrypted connection between an on-premises network and an Azure VNet over a private, dedicated connection.
Question 169
You are configuring an Azure solution with multiple subnets within a virtual network (VNet). You need to ensure that traffic between these subnets is securely controlled based on specific criteria, such as source IP address, destination IP address, and port number. Which of the following should you use to implement this security?
A) Network Security Group (NSG)
B) Azure Application Gateway
C) Azure Firewall
D) Azure DDoS Protection
Answer: A)
Explanation:
A) Network Security Group (NSG): Network Security Groups (NSGs) are used to control inbound and outbound traffic at the network interface or subnet level. You can define rules based on IP address, port, and protocol to allow or deny traffic between subnets. NSGs provide a granular level of control over network traffic and are an essential tool for securing your Azure network.
B) Azure Application Gateway: Azure Application Gateway is a Layer 7 load balancer that provides web traffic distribution and additional security features such as SSL termination and Web Application Firewall (WAF) protection. While it is useful for securing web applications, it does not provide control over traffic between subnets or at the network level, as NSGs do.
C) Azure Firewall: Azure Firewall is a more advanced security solution that can inspect and filter network traffic based on a variety of criteria. While it provides broader protection and more advanced features compared to NSGs, it is typically used for traffic filtering between VNets or for securing perimeter traffic, rather than controlling communication between subnets within a VNet.
D) Azure DDoS Protection: Azure DDoS Protection helps protect your Azure resources from large-scale DDoS attacks, but it does not provide the fine-grained control required to filter traffic based on specific IP addresses, ports, or protocols. Network Security Group (NSG) is the best solution for controlling traffic between subnets based on specific criteria like IP address, port, and protocol.
Question 170
The solution must automatically distribute traffic across multiple instances of the application and provide health monitoring to detect if any instance is unhealthy. Which Azure service should you use?
A) Azure Application Gateway
B) Azure Traffic Manager
C) Azure Load Balancer
D) Azure Front Door
Answer: C)
Explanation:
A) Azure Application Gateway: Azure Application Gateway provides load balancing for HTTP/HTTPS traffic and offers additional features like SSL offloading and Web Application Firewall (WAF). It is designed to manage traffic distribution across multiple instances of a web application, but it does not have the same global distribution capabilities as Azure Front Door. It can also provide health monitoring for application instances, but it is best suited for applications hosted within a single region.
B) Azure Traffic Manager: Azure Traffic Manager is a DNS-based traffic routing service that directs traffic to the best-performing endpoint based on the routing method you choose (performance, geographic, etc.). While it offers global traffic distribution, it does not perform load balancing at the application level or provide health monitoring for application instances within a region.
C) Azure Load Balancer: Azure Load Balancer operates at Layer 4 (TCP/UDP) and provides traffic distribution across multiple virtual machine instances. It can automatically distribute traffic based on the health of each instance, making it ideal for high availability solutions within a single region. Azure Load Balancer provides basic health monitoring and ensures that traffic is only routed to healthy instances.
D) Azure Front Door: Azure Front Door provides global load balancing for web applications, ensuring high availability by routing traffic to the nearest available region based on user location. It also includes health monitoring to detect unhealthy instances and ensure traffic is routed only to healthy ones. While Front Door is excellent for global traffic distribution, Azure Load Balancer is the best solution for internal load balancing and health monitoring within a single region.
Question 171
The communication between these VMs must be encrypted, and you need to ensure that the encryption is performed at the network layer. Which of the following solutions should you implement?
A) Virtual Network Peering with Network Security Groups (NSGs)
B) Azure Firewall
C) VPN Gateway with IPsec encryption
D) Azure Private Link
Answer: C)
Explanation:
A) Virtual Network Peering with Network Security Groups (NSGs): Virtual Network Peering connects two virtual networks within Azure. While it allows for private communication between VMs across subnets and VNets, it does not provide automatic encryption of traffic. NSGs provide security filtering based on IP addresses and ports but do not encrypt traffic at the network layer.
B) Azure Firewall: Azure Firewall is a robust security service that inspects and controls network traffic at the perimeter. While it provides firewalling features like filtering and threat protection, it does not encrypt traffic at the network layer between VMs within a VNet. It can be used to filter traffic between subnets but doesn’t provide end-to-end encryption for communication between VMs.
C) VPN Gateway with IPsec encryption: A VPN Gateway is the best option for ensuring that traffic between VMs is encrypted at the network layer. When configuring a VPN Gateway, the traffic is encrypted using IPsec, which secures the communication between VMs over the Azure backbone network. This solution is typically used to secure communication between on-premises networks and Azure, but it can also be used between Azure VMs when implementing a site-to-site VPN tunnel.
D) Azure Private Link: Azure Private Link provides private connectivity to services hosted on Azure, such as Azure Storage and Azure SQL Database, by creating a private endpoint in your virtual network. However, it is more suited for securing access to PaaS services and does not provide direct encryption for traffic between Azure VMs. VPN Gateway with IPsec encryption is the correct solution for securing communication between Azure virtual machines and ensuring encryption at the network layer.
Question 172
You are configuring a network solution to securely connect two Azure virtual networks (VNets) across regions. You need to ensure that all traffic between the VNets is encrypted and that the solution offers high availability. Which of the following should you implement?
A) VNet Peering with Global Reach
B) Azure VPN Gateway with VNet-to-VNet connection
C) Azure ExpressRoute with Global Reach
D) Azure Application Gateway with Web Application Firewall (WAF)
Answer: C)
Explanation:
A) VNet Peering with Global Reach: VNet Peering allows you to connect two VNets within Azure, including across regions. However, it does not inherently provide encryption of traffic. While Global Reach enables traffic between VNets across regions, it relies on Azure’s internal backbone network, which is not encrypted by default. VNet Peering with Global Reach is useful for network connectivity, but additional encryption measures are needed to secure traffic.
B) Azure VPN Gateway with VNet-to-VNet connection: Azure VPN Gateway with VNet-to-VNet connection can securely connect two VNets using IPsec encryption over the public internet. While VPN Gateway ensures encryption of traffic between VNets, it does not inherently offer the same level of performance or high availability as other dedicated private connection options, such as ExpressRoute. It also uses the public internet, which may not meet strict performance or compliance requirements.
C) Azure ExpressRoute with Global Reach: ExpressRoute offers a private, dedicated connection between Azure regions, bypassing the public internet. When combined with Global Reach, ExpressRoute can securely connect VNets in different regions with high availability, strong performance, and encryption. The private circuit ensures that all traffic between VNets is securely transmitted with minimal latency and high bandwidth.
D) Azure Application Gateway with Web Application Firewall (WAF): Azure Application Gateway is a load balancer for HTTP/HTTPS traffic, and the Web Application Firewall (WAF) protects applications from common web vulnerabilities. While it secures web traffic, it does not provide encrypted communication between VNets or ensure high availability across regions. It is more suited for web application traffic rather than network-level connectivity between VNets. Azure ExpressRoute with Global Reach is the ideal solution for securely connecting two Azure VNets across regions with encryption, high availability, and private connectivity.
Question 173
You are tasked with designing a solution to provide private connectivity between an on-premises network and Azure virtual networks (VNets). The solution should bypass the public internet and ensure high bandwidth, low latency, and resilience. Which of the following services should you use?
A) Azure VPN Gateway
B) Azure ExpressRoute
C) Azure Virtual Network Peering
D) Azure DDoS Protection
Answer: B)
Explanation:
A) Azure VPN Gateway: Azure VPN Gateway is used to create secure VPN connections between on-premises networks and Azure using the public internet. While it encrypts traffic and provides secure communication, it does not offer the high bandwidth and low latency of dedicated, private connections. The VPN Gateway is not suitable for scenarios requiring large-scale or high-performance connectivity.
B) Azure ExpressRoute: Azure ExpressRoute is specifically designed for scenarios that require private, dedicated, and high-performance connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure. It bypasses the public internet and ensures traffic is routed over a private connection with guaranteed bandwidth and low latency. ExpressRoute is ideal for connecting on-premises data centers with Azure VNets while ensuring resilience and security.
C) Azure Virtual Network Peering: Virtual Network Peering allows for secure communication between VNets in Azure, but it does not provide any connectivity to on-premises networks. Peering is used for communication between VNets within Azure, not for private, high-performance connections to on-premises networks.
D) Azure DDoS Protection: Azure DDoS Protection is a security feature that mitigates Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. While it is important for protecting Azure resources from malicious attacks, it does not provide private, dedicated connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure VNets.
Question 174
You need to ensure that traffic between the VMs is secure and that it does not traverse the public internet. Which solution should you implement?
A) VNet Peering between the two subscriptions
B) VPN Gateway between the two subscriptions
C) ExpressRoute with Global Reach
D) Application Gateway between the two subscriptions
Answer: A)
Explanation:
A) VNet Peering between the two subscriptions: Azure Virtual Network Peering allows two VNets in different subscriptions to communicate with each other. Traffic between the VNets is routed over Azure’s internal backbone network, which is private and does not traverse the public internet. This solution is ideal for securely connecting virtual machines across subscriptions, ensuring that the communication remains private and does not incur additional overhead.
B) VPN Gateway between the two subscriptions: A VPN Gateway can securely connect VNets across subscriptions using IPsec VPN tunnels. While it encrypts traffic and secures communication, it relies on the public internet for routing traffic. This option may not offer the same performance or scalability as VNet Peering, especially when connecting VNets within the same region.
C) ExpressRoute with Global Reach: ExpressRoute with Global Reach provides private, dedicated connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure, or between Azure regions. While it offers secure and high-performance connectivity, it is typically used for large-scale, enterprise-level networking. It is not necessary for connecting VNets across subscriptions, as VNet Peering can provide sufficient security and performance.
D) Application Gateway between the two subscriptions: Azure Application Gateway is a load balancer for HTTP/HTTPS traffic. It is not designed for network-level communication between VNets or subscriptions, making it unsuitable for securely connecting VMs in different subscriptions. Application Gateway is more appropriate for web traffic load balancing and application-level security. VNet Peering between the two subscriptions is the most efficient and secure way to connect Azure virtual machines across different subscriptions while ensuring that traffic does not traverse the public internet.
Question 175
You are deploying an Azure-based solution that requires secure communication between a web application hosted in one Azure region and a backend database hosted in a different region. You need to ensure that the solution minimizes latency and ensures secure communication. Which Azure service should you implement?
A) Azure Traffic Manager
B) Azure ExpressRoute
C) Azure VPN Gateway
D) Azure Front Door
Answer: B)
Explanation:
A) Azure Traffic Manager: Azure Traffic Manager is a DNS-based traffic routing service that directs client traffic to the nearest available endpoint based on various routing methods (performance, geographic, etc.). While it can be useful for global load balancing, it does not provide direct secure connectivity or low-latency communication between applications and databases across regions.
B) Azure ExpressRoute: Azure ExpressRoute is a private, dedicated connection between on-premises networks and Azure, or between Azure regions. It bypasses the public internet, ensuring secure, low-latency communication. This makes it the ideal choice for connecting web applications and backend databases across regions while minimizing latency and ensuring secure, high-performance communication.
C) Azure VPN Gateway: A VPN Gateway provides secure VPN connections between Azure VNets or between on-premises networks and Azure. However, it relies on the public internet for routing traffic, which may not meet the strict performance or latency requirements for critical applications.
D) Azure Front Door: Azure Front Door provides global load balancing and security for web applications, but it does not offer private, low-latency connections for backend database communication. It is more focused on traffic routing and acceleration for HTTP/HTTPS traffic rather than network-level connections. Azure ExpressRoute is the optimal solution for ensuring secure, low-latency communication between a web application and a backend database across Azure regions.
Question 176
You need a solution that allows you to restrict traffic between VMs without using individual network security groups (NSGs) for each VM. Which of the following should you implement?
A) Azure Firewall
B) Network Security Group (NSG) with Subnet-Level Rules
C) Azure Bastion
D) Azure Virtual Network Peering with Network Security Groups (NSGs)
Answer: B)
Explanation:
A) Azure Firewall: Azure Firewall is a centralized, managed security service that filters traffic based on application rules, network rules, and threat intelligence. While it is suitable for securing communication between VNets or protecting the perimeter of your network, it is overkill for controlling traffic between VMs within the same VNet. Azure Firewall does not offer the granular level of control over traffic between individual VMs that NSGs provide.
B) Network Security Group (NSG) with Subnet-Level Rules: By applying NSGs at the subnet level, you can restrict traffic between VMs in the same subnet or between VMs across different subnets within the same VNet. This reduces the need for applying NSGs individually to each VM. By defining inbound and outbound rules at the subnet level, you can simplify your security configuration while controlling traffic between VMs.
C) Azure Bastion: Azure Bastion provides secure RDP and SSH access to Azure VMs over SSL, without the need to expose a public IP address. While it improves remote management security, it does not address the need to control communication between VMs within the same VNet.
D) Azure Virtual Network Peering with Network Security Groups (NSGs): Virtual Network Peering enables communication between VNets, but it does not inherently provide the ability to filter traffic between VMs within the same VNet. To control traffic within the VNet, you would typically use NSGs applied at the subnet or NIC level, rather than relying on peering.
Question 177
Which of the following Azure solutions should you implement?
A) Azure VPN Gateway with Site-to-Site VPN
B) Azure ExpressRoute
C) Azure Virtual Network Peering
D) Azure Application Gateway with Web Application Firewall (WAF)
Answer: B)
Explanation:
A) Azure VPN Gateway with Site-to-Site VPN: A Site-to-Site VPN using Azure VPN Gateway can provide secure, encrypted communication between your Azure VNet and an on-premises network. It uses IPsec to encrypt traffic, but the connection still traverses the public internet. While it secures the connection, it does not provide the high performance or low latency of dedicated, private connections like ExpressRoute.
B) Azure ExpressRoute: Azure ExpressRoute provides a private, dedicated connection between your on-premises network and Azure. It does not traverse the public internet, ensuring better performance, higher bandwidth, and lower latency. ExpressRoute offers secure, high-performance communication with end-to-end encryption for your network traffic. This is the ideal solution when you need to ensure traffic is routed over a private connection without the use of the public internet.
C) Azure Virtual Network Peering: Virtual Network Peering allows communication between two VNets within Azure, but it does not facilitate secure, encrypted communication between Azure and on-premises networks. It is typically used for connecting different VNets within the same region or across regions.
D) Azure Application Gateway with Web Application Firewall (WAF): Azure Application Gateway is a Layer 7 (HTTP/HTTPS) load balancer that provides security for web applications. It can provide SSL offloading and WAF capabilities, but it does not provide encryption for network traffic between on-premises networks and Azure. It is not designed for securely connecting on-premises networks to VNets. Azure ExpressRoute is the correct solution for creating a dedicated, private, and encrypted connection between Azure and your on-premises network, bypassing the public internet and ensuring high-performance communication.
Question 178
You are designing a solution for a multi-tier web application hosted in Azure. The front-end web servers in one subnet need to securely communicate with the back-end database servers in another subnet. You want to ensure that only traffic from the front-end web servers is allowed to reach the back-end database servers, while all other traffic is denied. Which of the following should you implement?
A) Network Security Group (NSG) on the database subnet to allow traffic from the web subnet
B) Azure Load Balancer with Health Probes
C) Azure Firewall with application rules
D) Application Gateway with Web Application Firewall (WAF)
Answer: A)
Explanation:
A) Network Security Group (NSG) on the database subnet to allow traffic from the web subnet: By applying an NSG to the database subnet, you can create inbound rules that only allow traffic from the front-end web servers’ subnet and block all other traffic. This provides a simple and effective solution for securing communication between the web and database tiers in a multi-tier web application.
B) Azure Load Balancer with Health Probes: While Azure Load Balancer is useful for distributing traffic to backend servers based on health probes, it does not provide granular control over which subnets can communicate with each other. Load Balancers are more suited for balancing traffic across multiple instances of a service, not for controlling traffic between subnets based on specific security rules.
C) Azure Firewall with application rules: Azure Firewall provides centralized network traffic filtering and can enforce rules based on application traffic. However, it is typically used for traffic between VNets or for securing perimeter traffic. For controlling communication between subnets within the same VNet, using NSGs is a more appropriate solution.
D) Application Gateway with Web Application Firewall (WAF): Azure Application Gateway is a Layer 7 load balancer designed to handle web traffic and provide WAF protections. While it can secure and load balance traffic for web applications, it does not provide control over network traffic at the subnet level, such as filtering traffic between the web and database tiers within the same VNet. Network Security Group (NSG) on the database subnet is the most straightforward and efficient way to restrict traffic between the web and database subnets while ensuring that only the necessary communication is allowed.
Question 179
You are configuring a solution where multiple Azure virtual networks (VNets) must securely communicate with each other across regions. The solution must support routing of traffic between VNets in different regions without the use of the public internet. Which of the following solutions should you implement?
A) Azure VPN Gateway with VNet-to-VNet connection
B) Azure Virtual Network Peering with Global Reach
C) Azure ExpressRoute with Global Reach
D) Azure Application Gateway with Web Application Firewall (WAF)
Answer: B)
Explanation:
A) Azure VPN Gateway with VNet-to-VNet connection: While Azure VPN Gateway can be used to securely connect two VNets, it relies on the public internet for routing traffic between VNets. It can provide secure encryption of traffic, but it does not offer the same level of performance, scalability, or low-latency connection as other solutions like ExpressRoute.
B) Azure Virtual Network Peering with Global Reach: Azure VNet Peering allows VNets in different regions to communicate with each other over Azure’s private backbone network. With Global Reach, VNet Peering enables secure communication between VNets in different regions without using the public internet. This solution provides low-latency, high-bandwidth communication between VNets across regions, making it the ideal choice for this scenario.
C) Azure ExpressRoute with Global Reach: While ExpressRoute with Global Reach can securely connect VNets across regions and bypass the public internet, it is typically used for connecting on-premises networks to Azure. It provides dedicated, private connectivity between regions but is usually overkill for connecting VNets in different regions without a need for on-premises connectivity.
D) Azure Application Gateway with Web Application Firewall (WAF): Azure Application Gateway is a Layer 7 load balancer designed to distribute web traffic. It does not provide network-level connectivity between VNets across regions or offer secure, private routing between VNets in different regions. Application Gateway is more suited for web traffic load balancing and application-level security. Azure Virtual Network Peering with Global Reach is the most efficient and cost-effective solution for securely connecting VNets in different regions over Azure’s private backbone network.
Question 180
You are designing a solution where users in an Azure Virtual Network (VNet) need to securely access an on-premises application hosted in a data center. You want to ensure that the communication is encrypted and does not traverse the public internet. Which solution should you implement?
A) Azure VPN Gateway with Site-to-Site VPN
B) Azure ExpressRoute
C) Azure Bastion
D) Azure Application Gateway with Web Application Firewall (WAF)
Answer: B)
Explanation:
A) Azure VPN Gateway with Site-to-Site VPN: A Site-to-Site VPN can securely connect your Azure VNet to an on-premises network over the public internet using IPsec encryption. While it provides encryption and secure communication, it still relies on the public internet, which may not meet high-performance or low-latency requirements for certain applications.
B) Azure ExpressRoute: Azure ExpressRoute provides a dedicated, private connection between Azure and on-premises networks. It bypasses the public internet, offering enhanced security, low latency, and high bandwidth. ExpressRoute is the ideal solution when you need to securely connect Azure resources to on-premises applications and ensure that traffic is routed over a private, dedicated network.
C) Azure Bastion: Azure Bastion is used to securely connect to Azure VMs using RDP or SSH over SSL, but it does not provide a solution for connecting an Azure VNet to an on-premises network.
D) Azure Application Gateway with Web Application Firewall (WAF): Azure Application Gateway provides web traffic load balancing and security but is not designed to secure communication between an Azure VNet and an on-premises network. It is focused on HTTP/HTTPS traffic and web application security. Azure ExpressRoute is the best option for securely connecting an Azure VNet to an on-premises application, providing a private, dedicated connection without traversing the public internet.
