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Question 141
A user reports that their Windows system frequently freezes and crashes when running multiple applications simultaneously. Task Manager shows low CPU usage but high disk activity. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Insufficient RAM or excessive paging
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
When a Windows system freezes or crashes while multitasking, and Task Manager shows low CPU usage but high disk activity, this is often a classic symptom of insufficient RAM causing excessive paging. Random Access Memory (RAM) is a critical system resource used to store data and instructions temporarily for quick access by the CPU. When multiple applications are open, they compete for available RAM. If the system runs out of physical memory, Windows uses a section of the hard drive or SSD called the paging file (virtual memory) to compensate.
Excessive paging causes high disk activity because reading and writing to disk is significantly slower than accessing RAM. This bottleneck can lead to system freezes, delayed responses, and even application crashes. Technicians should first verify the amount of installed RAM and monitor memory usage using Task Manager or Resource Monitor. If memory usage frequently hits 100%, upgrading RAM or optimizing the number of simultaneous applications may be necessary.
Another contributing factor can be memory leaks from applications that fail to release RAM properly after use. Certain poorly coded or outdated software can slowly consume more memory over time, exacerbating paging issues. Identifying and updating or uninstalling such applications can significantly improve system stability.
Disk health is also important. A failing hard drive or SSD can amplify paging delays. Tools like CHKDSK or manufacturer-specific diagnostic software can detect bad sectors or degraded performance. In such cases, replacing or repairing the drive may be necessary.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not address RAM limitations or paging issues and will not resolve freezing caused by memory bottlenecks. Preventive measures include ensuring sufficient physical RAM for expected workloads, monitoring memory usage regularly, minimizing unnecessary background processes, and maintaining disk health. Proper system configuration enhances multitasking performance, reduces crashes, and ensures consistent reliability, which is critical for users running memory-intensive applications such as video editing, large spreadsheets, or virtual machines.
Question 142
A user complains that their computer takes an unusually long time to boot, and the BIOS screen shows multiple devices being initialized slowly. Which of the following should the technician check first?
A) BIOS boot order and connected peripherals
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Slow boot times, especially when the BIOS shows devices initializing slowly, are commonly caused by misconfigured BIOS boot order or unnecessary peripherals connected during startup. The BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) is responsible for initializing hardware components before loading the operating system. When the BIOS detects multiple devices during POST (Power-On Self-Test), each device requires time to initialize. If non-essential devices, such as external USB drives, optical drives, or network boot options, are prioritized in the boot order, startup time increases significantly.
Technicians should access the BIOS setup utility to review and optimize the boot sequence. Setting the primary system drive (HDD, SSD, or NVMe) as the first boot device allows the operating system to load quickly, bypassing unnecessary device checks. Disabling unused boot options, such as PXE network boot or optical drives, can further reduce initialization delays.
Peripheral devices connected to USB ports can also contribute to slow POST times. Devices with outdated firmware or hardware conflicts can delay detection. Disconnecting non-essential peripherals temporarily helps isolate problematic hardware. Additionally, ensuring that BIOS firmware is updated can resolve compatibility issues and improve hardware initialization efficiency.
High system disk usage, fragmented drives, or corrupted boot sectors may further delay OS loading after BIOS initialization. Running utilities such as CHKDSK, sfc /scannow, or defragmentation (for HDDs) ensures system files are intact and efficiently organized.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not influence BIOS or POST behavior and are ineffective in improving boot times. Preventive measures include maintaining an organized boot order, updating BIOS firmware, regularly checking system integrity, and minimizing connected peripheral devices during startup. Proper BIOS configuration not only accelerates boot times but also enhances system reliability, reduces hardware conflicts, and provides a more seamless user experience during startup.
Question 143
A user reports that their Windows system is showing frequent “Blue Screen of Death” (BSOD) errors, and the minidump files indicate a memory management error. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Faulty RAM or driver conflicts
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
The infamous Blue Screen of Death (BSOD) occurs when Windows encounters a critical error from which it cannot safely recover. When minidump files indicate a memory management error, the most likely causes include faulty RAM modules or conflicts between device drivers. Memory management errors occur when the operating system detects data corruption or invalid memory operations that compromise stability.
Technicians should first run memory diagnostic tools such as Windows Memory Diagnostic or MemTest86 to verify the integrity of installed RAM. Faulty RAM often manifests as random system crashes, application errors, or BSODs during memory-intensive operations. Identifying and replacing defective modules resolves such instability.
Driver conflicts are another common culprit. Outdated, corrupt, or incompatible drivers can attempt to access memory improperly, triggering BSODs. Reviewing the Device Manager, updating drivers to the latest versions, or performing a system restore can eliminate conflicts. Certain third-party utilities or antivirus software may also interact with memory improperly, so performing a clean boot can help isolate problematic software.
Other hardware issues, such as failing motherboards or overheating CPUs, can indirectly contribute to memory errors, as electrical instability may corrupt data being processed in RAM. Monitoring temperatures and ensuring proper ventilation can prevent such failures.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not impact memory integrity or resolve driver conflicts. Preventive measures include keeping drivers and firmware updated, using high-quality RAM modules, regularly checking system stability, and avoiding software from untrusted sources. Addressing memory management issues promptly is crucial to prevent data loss, maintain system reliability, and ensure safe operation for all applications. Understanding the relationship between hardware components and driver software allows technicians to quickly diagnose and remediate BSOD errors efficiently.
Question 144
A user reports that their system’s Wi-Fi connection frequently drops, and other devices on the same network are stable. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Outdated or corrupt wireless network adapter drivers
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
When a single device experiences frequent Wi-Fi disconnections while other devices on the same network function normally, the root cause is typically outdated or corrupt wireless network adapter drivers. Wireless adapters rely on drivers to communicate with the operating system and handle network protocols. When these drivers are out of date, contain bugs, or become corrupted, connection stability is compromised, resulting in frequent drops.
Technicians should first check the Device Manager to identify any warning icons or errors associated with the wireless adapter. Updating drivers to the latest manufacturer-provided version often resolves connectivity issues. In some cases, uninstalling the adapter and performing a driver reinstall ensures a clean installation. Additionally, checking power management settings is critical; Windows may disable network adapters to conserve power, causing unexpected disconnects. Disabling “Allow the computer to turn off this device to save power” in adapter properties prevents involuntary disconnections.
Interference from nearby wireless networks, Bluetooth devices, or physical obstacles may also contribute to instability, but these factors typically affect multiple devices. Since other devices on the same network are stable, hardware or driver issues on the affected system are more likely. Firmware updates for the router or adapter may further enhance compatibility and stability.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not influence wireless adapter performance and cannot fix intermittent disconnections. Preventive measures include maintaining updated drivers, performing periodic scans for network conflicts, and ensuring proper placement of the system relative to the router. Addressing driver issues first restores connectivity, enhances user productivity, and ensures reliable access to online resources, which is critical in professional and academic environments that rely heavily on stable network access.
Question 145
A user reports that they cannot print to a network printer, and other users on the same network can print without issues. Which of the following should the technician check first?
A) Printer drivers and network permissions on the user’s computer
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
When a single user cannot print to a network printer while others can, the most likely cause involves printer drivers or network permissions on the affected computer. Network printers require properly installed drivers to interpret print jobs, and appropriate user permissions are necessary for access. Missing or corrupt drivers prevent the system from communicating with the printer correctly, while permission issues can block print jobs even when drivers are functional.
Technicians should first verify that the correct printer driver is installed and corresponds to the printer model. Removing and reinstalling the driver may resolve corruption issues. Checking printer sharing settings, user access rights, and network connectivity ensures the user is allowed to send print jobs. Printing a test page can confirm successful communication.
Firewall settings or antivirus software may occasionally block printing ports, so temporarily disabling security software for testing can help isolate the issue. Additionally, verifying the user’s IP configuration ensures the system is on the same network segment as the printer. If issues persist, consulting event logs for error codes provides diagnostic information.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not affect printer functionality. Preventive measures include standardizing driver installations, maintaining updated network permissions, and educating users on proper network printing procedures. By systematically addressing drivers and permissions, technicians restore printing capabilities, enhance workflow efficiency, and reduce downtime caused by network-related printing issues. Correct printer configuration is essential for business operations where timely document output is critical.
Question 146
A user complains that their Windows system is extremely slow when opening files, and Task Manager shows low CPU usage but high disk utilization. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Failing hard drive or excessive paging
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
When a system exhibits extremely slow file access while showing low CPU usage and high disk utilization, this points to either a failing hard drive or excessive paging caused by insufficient RAM. Hard drives that are developing bad sectors or nearing the end of their lifespan can slow data retrieval dramatically. This is particularly noticeable when opening files, as the drive struggles to read data and may retry operations multiple times, causing high disk activity.
Excessive paging occurs when the system runs out of physical RAM, forcing Windows to use the paging file (virtual memory) on the disk. Disk access is significantly slower than RAM, which leads to bottlenecks and sluggish performance. Task Manager helps diagnose this situation by showing high disk usage even though CPU load is low. Technicians should monitor memory usage and disk activity to confirm the cause.
Running CHKDSK or using manufacturer-specific disk diagnostics can identify and isolate failing sectors. If the hard drive is failing, it may require replacement and restoration of data from backup. In cases of excessive paging, adding physical RAM or optimizing running applications can relieve the load on virtual memory, improving overall system performance.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not impact disk health or memory management. Preventive maintenance includes regularly checking hard drive health, upgrading RAM when needed, minimizing background processes, and scheduling disk defragmentation for HDDs. Correctly identifying the source of disk-related slowdowns ensures efficient troubleshooting and reduces the risk of data loss while maintaining system reliability. Proper understanding of memory usage, disk performance, and system monitoring tools is crucial for resolving these types of performance issues.
Question 147
A user reports that after a Windows update, they can no longer access certain network shares. Other users on the same network have no issues. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Network credentials or permissions have changed
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
When network shares become inaccessible after a Windows update, while other users experience no issues, the problem is typically related to network credentials or permissions. Updates can occasionally reset security settings, remove cached credentials, or modify group policy settings that affect user access to shared resources. Windows uses user accounts and permissions to control access to network shares, and if these credentials are invalid or outdated, the user will be denied access.
Technicians should first check the user’s network login credentials and ensure they have the appropriate permissions to access shared folders. Using the “net use” command in Command Prompt can help map network drives with updated credentials. Clearing cached credentials through the Credential Manager can resolve conflicts that prevent proper authentication. Additionally, verifying group policy settings ensures that security policies applied during updates do not inadvertently restrict access.
Network firewall settings can also block communication, but this is less likely when other users on the same network have full access. It is important to verify that the system is on the correct network and subnet, and that no VPN or proxy configurations are interfering with share access.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—have no effect on network share accessibility and cannot resolve the issue. Preventive measures include maintaining updated documentation of network permissions, educating users on credential management, and carefully monitoring system updates that may impact security settings. Correctly addressing credentials and permissions restores network functionality, minimizes downtime, and prevents productivity loss due to inaccessible shared resources. Understanding the interaction between Windows updates, security policies, and network permissions is essential for effectively troubleshooting access issues in enterprise environments.
Question 148
A user reports that their laptop battery drains unusually fast, even when the system is idle. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Background applications and power plan settings
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Rapid battery drain in laptops, even during idle periods, is commonly caused by background applications consuming resources or inefficient power plan configurations. Windows allows multiple applications and services to run in the background, including updates, cloud sync, and telemetry tasks. These processes can use CPU, memory, and network resources, which in turn increase power consumption.
The Windows Power Plan plays a significant role in energy management. Settings that prioritize performance over energy savings can prevent the system from entering low-power states like sleep, hibernate, or reduced CPU throttling. Technicians should review the active power plan, adjusting CPU usage, screen brightness, and sleep timers to optimize battery life. The Battery Saver feature in Windows can help automatically manage background activity to extend battery duration.
Other contributing factors include aging batteries, which lose capacity over time, causing quicker depletion. Monitoring battery health through Windows tools or manufacturer-specific software can help determine if replacement is necessary. Additionally, peripheral devices such as USB drives, external mice, and wireless adapters can consume power even when the system appears idle. Disconnecting unnecessary peripherals and disabling unused hardware components conserves battery life.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not meaningfully reduce power consumption and will not resolve rapid battery depletion. Preventive measures include regularly monitoring battery health, configuring efficient power plans, minimizing background tasks, and keeping the system free from resource-intensive unnecessary software. Proper management of power settings and system resources ensures longer battery life, supports mobility, and prevents interruptions in productivity due to unexpected shutdowns. Understanding the interplay between software processes, power management settings, and hardware aging is critical for maintaining laptop performance and energy efficiency.
Question 149
A user reports that their computer cannot detect a USB external drive that works on other systems. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Corrupt or outdated USB drivers
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
When a USB external drive is not detected on a specific system but works on others, the problem is most likely caused by corrupt or outdated USB drivers. USB drivers allow Windows to communicate with hardware devices and ensure proper recognition of storage media, input devices, and peripherals. Corrupted drivers can prevent Windows from recognizing connected devices or cause erratic behavior.
Technicians should check Device Manager for any warning icons associated with USB controllers or connected devices. Updating drivers to the latest manufacturer version or uninstalling and reinstalling the driver can resolve detection issues. In some cases, a system reboot is necessary to refresh device enumeration. Checking for Windows updates may also install compatible drivers automatically.
Power management settings can also impact USB detection. Windows may disable USB ports to conserve power, which prevents external drives from functioning correctly. Adjusting Power Options to disable “Allow the computer to turn off this device to save power” ensures continuous detection. Faulty USB ports or cabling can contribute, so testing the drive in multiple ports and ensuring functional cables is essential.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not influence USB detection or driver functionality. Preventive measures include maintaining updated drivers, regularly checking for device errors, and educating users on safely connecting and disconnecting USB drives. By properly managing drivers and power settings, technicians can quickly restore device recognition, prevent data loss, and ensure seamless peripheral usage across multiple systems. Understanding the role of device drivers, system configuration, and power management is fundamental for troubleshooting hardware connectivity issues.
Question 150
A user reports that their computer is overheating and shutting down unexpectedly. Which of the following should the technician check first?
A) Cooling system, thermal paste, and dust accumulation
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Unexpected shutdowns due to overheating are typically caused by issues in the cooling system, thermal paste degradation, or dust accumulation. Computers rely on heat dissipation through fans, heat sinks, and thermal compounds to maintain safe operating temperatures. When the cooling system fails to function properly, the CPU, GPU, and other components can exceed safe thermal limits, prompting the system to shut down to prevent permanent damage.
Technicians should inspect all cooling components, ensuring fans are operational and unobstructed. Dust accumulation in vents or around heat sinks reduces airflow, trapping heat and causing temperatures to rise. Cleaning the system using compressed air or specialized vacuum equipment helps restore proper airflow. Over time, thermal paste between the CPU/GPU and heat sinks can degrade or dry out, reducing heat transfer efficiency. Reapplying thermal paste restores optimal thermal conductivity.
Monitoring system temperatures using software tools allows technicians to identify components overheating under load. Overclocking can exacerbate heat issues, so reverting to default settings may help. Additionally, ensuring the computer is located in a well-ventilated area and not on surfaces that block airflow (such as beds or carpets) improves cooling efficiency.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—have no impact on cooling performance and will not prevent overheating. Preventive measures include periodic system cleaning, monitoring temperatures, maintaining proper airflow, and ensuring thermal paste is in good condition. Correctly maintaining the cooling system prevents thermal shutdowns, protects hardware longevity, and enhances system performance. Understanding the relationship between heat generation, cooling solutions, and environmental factors is critical for sustaining reliable and safe computer operation.
Question 151
A user complains that their Windows computer frequently freezes when switching between applications. Task Manager shows high memory usage, but CPU usage is moderate. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Insufficient RAM or memory leaks
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
When a system frequently freezes while switching applications, and Task Manager shows high memory usage with moderate CPU utilization, the most probable cause is insufficient RAM or memory leaks. Memory leaks occur when applications do not release the memory they have allocated after finishing a task, gradually consuming all available RAM. Insufficient RAM forces Windows to use the paging file (virtual memory) excessively, causing system slowdowns or temporary freezes as the OS swaps data between RAM and the disk.
Technicians should first check the Memory tab in Task Manager to identify which processes are consuming the most memory. Applications with unusually high memory consumption may be outdated or improperly coded. Restarting the system temporarily clears memory leaks, but persistent issues often require updating software or adding physical RAM. Running Windows Memory Diagnostic can identify faulty memory modules, which can also cause erratic freezing behavior.
Excessive background applications contribute to memory pressure, so disabling unnecessary startup programs via Task Manager or MSConfig can improve performance. Additionally, ensuring the system has the latest Windows updates and patched applications can reduce compatibility-related memory issues. Virtual memory settings should be optimized; Windows can automatically manage paging file size or allow manual configuration for specific needs.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not significantly impact memory usage or prevent freezing under high memory load. Preventive measures include monitoring memory consumption, limiting background processes, upgrading RAM for resource-intensive tasks, and maintaining software updates. Correctly diagnosing memory-related freezes ensures smooth multitasking, reduces frustration, and maintains productivity, especially in environments running memory-heavy applications. Understanding the relationship between RAM, paging files, and application memory usage is essential for effectively troubleshooting modern Windows systems.
Question 152
A technician is troubleshooting a Windows system where the user cannot print documents. Other users on the same network can print without issues. Which of the following should the technician check first?
A) Printer queue, drivers, and network connectivity
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
When a user cannot print while others on the same network can, the issue is often localized to the printer queue, drivers, or network connectivity on that specific system. A stuck or paused print job can block subsequent documents in the queue, preventing printing. The Printer queue should be cleared to ensure no job is causing the blockage.
Driver issues are another common cause. Outdated, missing, or corrupt drivers prevent the system from communicating correctly with the printer. Reinstalling or updating the printer driver ensures compatibility with Windows and the printer model. Checking device status in the Control Panel or using Device Manager can reveal driver problems.
Network connectivity is crucial for network printers. Ensuring that the computer is on the correct subnet, has proper IP configuration, and can reach the printer addresses potential connectivity issues. Tools such as ping or tracert can verify network reachability. Windows Firewall or third-party security software may also block communication with the printer, so temporarily disabling firewall settings during testing can confirm the source of the problem.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not affect printing functionality. Preventive measures include monitoring the printer queue, maintaining updated drivers, ensuring reliable network connectivity, and educating users on proper print job handling. Understanding the interaction between software, drivers, and network infrastructure allows technicians to efficiently resolve printing problems and minimize downtime. Proper troubleshooting prevents repetitive issues, ensures smooth document workflow, and supports organizational productivity.
Question 153
A user reports that after installing multiple Windows updates, the system now fails to boot correctly, displaying a blue screen error. Which of the following is the most likely troubleshooting step?
A) Boot into Safe Mode and uninstall recent updates
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
When a system fails to boot properly after Windows updates and displays a blue screen of death (BSOD), the issue is typically caused by a recent update introducing incompatible drivers, corrupted system files, or misconfigured settings. Booting into Safe Mode is a critical first step because it loads Windows with minimal drivers and services, allowing technicians to isolate the problem.
Once in Safe Mode, the Windows Update history can be accessed to uninstall the most recent updates. This often resolves conflicts caused by faulty patches. Additionally, using tools like System Restore allows the technician to revert the system to a previous stable state, preserving user data while removing problematic updates. For persistent issues, the Startup Repair tool can fix corrupted boot files and repair the Master Boot Record (MBR) or Boot Configuration Data (BCD).
Analyzing the blue screen error code provides additional insight into the root cause. Specific stop codes can point to hardware incompatibilities, driver issues, or system file corruption. Running SFC (System File Checker) and DISM (Deployment Image Servicing and Management) commands can repair corrupted system files that may prevent normal booting.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not resolve BSOD errors caused by updates. Preventive measures include creating system restore points before installing updates, regularly backing up critical data, monitoring Windows update compatibility with installed software and hardware, and testing updates in non-production environments when possible. Correctly using Safe Mode and recovery tools restores system functionality, minimizes data loss, and ensures stability after updates. Understanding Windows boot processes, update management, and recovery procedures is essential for effectively troubleshooting post-update failures.
Question 154
A user reports that their laptop screen flickers intermittently. Other users with the same laptop model do not experience this problem. Which of the following should the technician check first?
A) Display driver, screen refresh rate, and hardware connections
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Intermittent screen flickering on a laptop, when other units of the same model function correctly, is usually caused by a faulty display driver, incorrect screen refresh rate, or loose internal connections. Display drivers facilitate communication between the operating system and the graphics hardware. A corrupted or outdated driver can produce irregular visual artifacts, including flickering. Updating or reinstalling the driver often resolves such issues.
Screen refresh rate settings can also cause flickering if set incorrectly. The refresh rate must match the monitor’s capabilities; otherwise, the display may fail to render frames consistently, resulting in flicker. Adjusting the refresh rate to the recommended setting ensures smooth visuals.
Hardware connections, such as the ribbon cable connecting the screen to the motherboard, may loosen over time due to physical movement, heat, or manufacturing variances. Technicians should carefully inspect internal connections and reseat or replace components as necessary. In rare cases, the display panel itself may be defective, requiring replacement.
External factors, like electromagnetic interference or software-induced display conflicts, should also be considered. Running the system in Safe Mode can help isolate whether the flickering is software-related. Diagnostic utilities provided by the laptop manufacturer can test both the screen and graphics card for faults.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—are unlikely to fix flickering. Preventive measures include keeping drivers updated, ensuring proper handling of laptops to avoid internal cable damage, and using recommended display settings. Correctly diagnosing display issues ensures visual clarity, prevents further hardware damage, and enhances user productivity. Understanding driver functionality, refresh rates, and hardware interactions is crucial for resolving screen flickering effectively.
Question 155
A user reports that their Windows system is frequently displaying “Application Not Responding” messages when launching certain programs. Task Manager shows the CPU and RAM usage are both within normal ranges. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Corrupted application files or software conflicts
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Frequent “Application Not Responding” messages, despite normal CPU and RAM usage, are typically caused by corrupted application files, incompatible software, or conflicts between programs. When an application fails to initialize or respond to Windows input, it may hang, leading to these messages. This can happen after incomplete installations, updates, or malware interference.
Technicians should attempt to repair the application using built-in repair tools or reinstall it entirely to ensure all components are intact. Checking for software updates ensures compatibility with the operating system. Investigating recently installed applications is essential because conflicts can arise when multiple programs attempt to access the same system resources, libraries, or registry entries simultaneously.
Running Event Viewer provides detailed logs about application failures, revealing which processes or DLL files are causing errors. Disabling unnecessary startup programs or services can also improve application responsiveness by reducing background conflicts. In some cases, system file corruption may indirectly affect applications; running SFC and DISM commands can repair these issues.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not address corrupted application files or software conflicts and will not resolve responsiveness issues. Preventive measures include regularly updating software, avoiding unverified third-party applications, maintaining backups, and monitoring system integrity. Proper identification of the cause allows technicians to restore reliable application functionality, ensuring productivity and reducing user frustration. Understanding software architecture, system interactions, and troubleshooting tools is vital for maintaining stable Windows environments.
Question 156
A user reports that their Windows 10 computer is running very slowly, even when minimal applications are open. Task Manager shows low CPU and memory usage, but the disk usage remains at 100%. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Disk fragmentation or failing hard drive
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
When Task Manager indicates 100% disk usage despite low CPU and memory utilization, the problem often originates from disk-related issues such as fragmentation, failing hard drives, or excessive disk I/O caused by certain processes. In mechanical hard drives (HDDs), fragmentation can cause data to be scattered across the drive, increasing the time it takes for the system to access files. In solid-state drives (SSDs), although fragmentation is less of a concern, a failing SSD can cause similar symptoms due to read/write errors.
Windows’ built-in Resource Monitor can help pinpoint which processes are utilizing the disk. Common culprits include Windows Search indexing, Superfetch (SysMain), antivirus scans, and background updates. Excessive page file usage can also cause disk bottlenecks, particularly when RAM is insufficient or virtual memory is heavily utilized.
Technicians should run CHKDSK to scan for bad sectors and file system corruption. For HDDs, defragmentation and disk cleanup tools can reorganize data and improve read/write performance. For SSDs, ensuring firmware updates and verifying the health of the drive with manufacturer utilities is essential. In cases of failing hardware, replacing the drive and restoring data from backups is the most reliable solution.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing screen resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not significantly affect disk usage and are unlikely to resolve this problem. Preventive measures include regular disk health monitoring, limiting unnecessary background processes, keeping the operating system and drivers updated, and maintaining up-to-date backups. Understanding the relationship between disk performance, file system integrity, and system responsiveness ensures efficient troubleshooting of Windows performance issues, reduces downtime, and helps maintain long-term hardware reliability.
Question 157
A user reports that after connecting a new external hard drive via USB, Windows does not recognize the device. Other USB devices work correctly. Which of the following should the technician check first?
A) Disk initialization and driver issues
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
When a newly connected external hard drive is not recognized in Windows while other USB devices function properly, the most likely cause involves disk initialization or driver issues. Windows may not automatically assign a drive letter to new or uninitialized drives, making them invisible in File Explorer. Accessing Disk Management can reveal unallocated space, allowing the technician to initialize the disk and create a new partition.
Driver issues can also prevent recognition. Although most USB mass storage devices are plug-and-play, certain drives may require manufacturer-specific drivers or firmware updates. Checking Device Manager for devices with warning symbols can indicate driver problems. Reinstalling or updating drivers often resolves the issue.
USB port limitations, power requirements, and cable quality should also be considered. Some external drives, particularly larger models, require powered USB hubs or direct connection to a port capable of delivering sufficient current. Testing the drive on another computer can determine if the problem is device-specific.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not affect USB recognition. Preventive measures include keeping drivers and firmware updated, safely ejecting devices, and monitoring disk health for preemptive detection of failing drives. Correctly identifying initialization or driver issues restores functionality, prevents data loss, and ensures reliable external storage connectivity. Understanding Windows disk management, driver functionality, and USB architecture is essential for effectively troubleshooting unrecognized storage devices.
Question 158
A user reports that their Windows system keeps displaying pop-ups about low disk space, even though the disk appears to have ample free space. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Corrupt file system or hidden temporary files
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
When Windows erroneously reports low disk space despite sufficient available storage, the underlying cause is often a corrupt file system, excessive hidden temporary files, or system quota misconfiguration. Temporary files, cached updates, and leftover installation files can accumulate over time, occupying significant storage and sometimes remaining invisible in standard File Explorer views.
Windows’ Disk Cleanup tool can help remove unnecessary files, including system restore points, temporary Internet files, and Windows Update cache. Additionally, running CHKDSK can detect and repair file system corruption that may misreport disk space. Hidden system files, such as hiberfil.sys or pagefile.sys, consume space and are normally managed by Windows. Improper settings or corruption can cause inaccurate free space calculations.
Another potential cause is disk quotas in multi-user environments, where limits on available storage per account can trigger warnings even when the overall drive has sufficient space. Examining disk usage with tools that provide detailed insights, such as TreeSize or WinDirStat, can reveal hidden files or folders consuming space disproportionately.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not affect system disk space reporting. Preventive measures include scheduling regular disk cleanups, monitoring temporary files, managing system restore points responsibly, and ensuring consistent backup practices. Accurately diagnosing hidden storage usage and corruption prevents user frustration, maintains system stability, and ensures reliable operation of storage-intensive applications. Understanding Windows file system behavior, disk management, and temporary file handling is critical for resolving low disk space alerts effectively.
Question 159
A user reports that after enabling BitLocker on a Windows laptop, they cannot access a specific external drive. Other drives work normally. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) BitLocker encryption conflicts with external drive
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
BitLocker encryption in Windows provides full-disk encryption to protect data from unauthorized access. If a user cannot access a specific external drive after enabling BitLocker on the primary system drive, the issue likely involves encryption conflicts or misconfigured access permissions. BitLocker may require proper credentials, recovery keys, or compatible file systems to allow access to external storage. Drives encrypted with incompatible methods or legacy encryption may not be accessible without unlocking them separately.
Technicians should verify that the external drive uses a supported file system (typically NTFS or exFAT) and check BitLocker status through Control Panel or Windows Security settings. If necessary, the recovery key can be used to unlock the drive. Ensuring the system account has appropriate permissions and ownership of the external drive also resolves access issues.
File system corruption or outdated drivers can exacerbate access problems, so running CHKDSK or updating USB drivers is recommended. For shared environments, ensuring Group Policy settings do not restrict BitLocker-encrypted drive access is essential. Temporary disabling of BitLocker on the external drive may be necessary to troubleshoot access, though this should be done cautiously to avoid data loss.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not influence BitLocker encryption or drive accessibility. Preventive measures include carefully managing encryption keys, understanding BitLocker policies, keeping backups of critical data, and ensuring compatibility with all external storage. Correctly handling BitLocker access ensures data security while preventing unnecessary downtime, user frustration, and potential data loss. Understanding Windows encryption mechanisms, drive compatibility, and permission management is essential for effective troubleshooting.
Question 160
A user complains that Windows notifications are not appearing even though they are enabled in settings. Which of the following should the technician check first?
A) Focus Assist settings, notification priority, and system policies
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Windows includes notification management features that allow users to control alerts from applications and system processes. If notifications do not appear despite being enabled, the issue often involves Focus Assist settings, notification priority, or system policies. Focus Assist can suppress notifications during specific hours or when performing certain tasks. Ensuring it is turned off or configured appropriately restores notification functionality.
Notification priority settings in the Windows Settings app can also impact visibility. Applications may have their alerts set to low priority, appearing silently or only in the action center. Verifying individual app notification settings ensures critical alerts are displayed as expected.
System-wide policies, such as Group Policy or registry restrictions, may inadvertently disable notifications. For example, corporate environments often restrict notifications to reduce distractions or enforce compliance. Checking policy settings in Local Group Policy Editor or consulting IT administrators helps resolve these conflicts.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not affect Windows notification mechanisms. Preventive measures include educating users about Focus Assist, routinely checking notification settings, monitoring group policies in managed environments, and maintaining Windows updates for notification reliability. Correctly diagnosing notification suppression ensures users receive timely alerts, prevents missed communications, and supports efficient workflow. Understanding Windows notification architecture, priority management, and policy enforcement is essential for effective troubleshooting.
