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Question 121
A user reports that their Windows 10 desktop is frequently freezing when multiple applications are open. Which of the following should a technician check first?
A) RAM usage and system resources
B) Desktop wallpaper settings
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Change font settings
Answer: A
Explanation:
When a Windows 10 desktop begins to freeze or respond slowly while multiple applications are open, the first point of investigation should be RAM usage and overall system resources. Random Access Memory (RAM) is a critical component for running programs and storing temporary data that the CPU actively processes. If the installed memory is insufficient for the workload or is malfunctioning, the system will struggle to maintain smooth performance when several applications operate simultaneously.
Checking RAM usage can be done through the Task Manager, which shows real-time memory consumption and identifies processes consuming excessive resources. Applications such as web browsers with multiple tabs, graphic design software, or virtual machines can easily exhaust available RAM. If the physical memory is fully utilized, Windows may rely on the pagefile or virtual memory, which is stored on the slower hard drive or SSD, further reducing system responsiveness.
Other causes could include background processes consuming CPU cycles, malware infections, or software conflicts. However, these are secondary considerations; the primary investigation should focus on RAM and memory allocation. Technicians can test for faulty RAM modules using diagnostic tools like Windows Memory Diagnostic or MemTest86, which perform comprehensive memory checks to identify errors or instability.
Upgrading RAM is often a long-term solution for consistent performance issues. For laptops and desktops with multiple RAM slots, ensuring dual-channel configuration enhances memory throughput. Monitoring the system’s resource utilization also helps identify inefficient applications that could be closed or optimized.
Options B), C), and D)—desktop wallpaper settings, screen resolution, and font settings—have no tangible impact on memory management or CPU utilization and will not resolve system freezing issues. Ensuring that RAM is functioning correctly, monitoring memory usage, and optimizing system resources are critical first steps to restoring a responsive and stable computing environment.
Effective memory management not only addresses immediate freezing problems but also prevents potential data loss caused by system crashes. By starting with RAM evaluation, the technician targets the most probable hardware or system-level bottleneck, laying the groundwork for additional optimizations if needed, such as driver updates or software maintenance.
Question 122
A user reports that their desktop PC is unable to connect to a wired Ethernet network, but the wireless network functions normally. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Faulty Ethernet cable or port
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase virtual memory
D) Update office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
When a desktop PC can connect to wireless networks but not to a wired Ethernet connection, the primary issue usually involves the physical Ethernet connection, such as a damaged cable or faulty network port on the computer or router. Network connectivity problems of this type are common and can arise from cable degradation, bent pins in the RJ-45 connector, or a malfunctioning network card port.
Technicians should begin by visually inspecting the Ethernet cable for fraying, cuts, or loose connectors. Swapping the cable with a known good one can quickly determine if the cable is the source of the problem. Additionally, testing the port on the PC and the switch or router can rule out hardware failure. If necessary, the network interface card (NIC) on the PC may require replacement or reseating.
Network driver issues can also contribute to Ethernet connectivity problems. Ensuring the NIC drivers are up to date guarantees compatibility with the operating system and proper functionality. Configuration settings, such as IP addressing, subnet mask, and gateway, should be verified to ensure proper network communication. Using the ipconfig /all command in Windows allows the technician to check assigned IP addresses and detect conflicts.
Options B), C), and D—changing desktop wallpaper, increasing virtual memory, or updating office software—do not influence the hardware-level functionality of a wired network connection and are irrelevant to the problem. Diagnosing Ethernet issues requires a methodical approach that addresses hardware, configuration, and driver aspects.
Effective troubleshooting begins with physical inspection and testing, followed by software and configuration checks. By identifying faulty cables or ports first, the technician minimizes downtime and ensures reliable network connectivity. In enterprise environments, maintaining spare Ethernet cables and monitoring switch port status can prevent recurring connectivity issues and facilitate quick resolution. Properly functioning wired connections are essential for tasks requiring high bandwidth, low latency, or secure communication, making this a critical area of focus.
Question 123
A user reports that their Windows system is showing repeated “Blue Screen of Death” (BSOD) errors with different stop codes. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Faulty or incompatible device drivers
B) Update desktop wallpaper
C) Change font settings
D) Increase screen resolution
Answer: A
Explanation:
Frequent Blue Screen of Death (BSOD) errors on a Windows system, particularly with varying stop codes, often indicate hardware or software conflicts, with faulty or incompatible device drivers being one of the most common causes. Drivers serve as the interface between hardware components and the operating system, enabling the OS to communicate effectively with devices like graphics cards, storage controllers, or network adapters. Outdated, corrupted, or incompatible drivers can produce system instability and cause memory or hardware errors, which Windows responds to by halting operations and displaying a BSOD.
Diagnosing driver-related BSOD issues involves reviewing the stop code displayed on the error screen and analyzing memory dump files located in the Windows\Minidump folder. Tools such as BlueScreenView or WinDbg help interpret the dump files, identifying the problematic driver or device causing the crash. Updating or rolling back drivers to a stable version usually resolves these errors.
Hardware problems like failing RAM, hard drives, or overheating can also trigger BSODs, but these are less frequent than driver-related issues. Performing hardware diagnostics can rule out physical component failure, ensuring a comprehensive troubleshooting approach. Options B), C), and D—updating desktop wallpaper, changing font settings, or adjusting screen resolution—do not interact with device drivers at a system level and cannot prevent BSOD errors.
Maintaining current driver updates, applying operating system patches, and ensuring device compatibility during hardware upgrades are essential preventive measures. IT administrators should also use driver signing and digital certificates to reduce the likelihood of installing incompatible software that may cause system crashes. System restore points or backup images provide a safety net, allowing recovery from critical errors without data loss.
By prioritizing driver evaluation, the technician addresses the most probable source of system instability. Resolving BSODs not only improves system reliability but also prevents data corruption, reduces downtime, and enhances overall user productivity. Regular system monitoring and proactive maintenance ensure that potential driver conflicts are detected before causing catastrophic failures.
Question 124
A user reports that their Windows computer frequently logs them out unexpectedly and prompts for login credentials repeatedly. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Corrupted user profile or group policy settings
B) Update desktop wallpaper
C) Increase virtual memory
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Unexpected logouts and repeated prompts for login credentials in Windows are often caused by corrupted user profiles or misconfigured group policy settings. User profiles store essential configuration data, registry settings, and preferences that allow the system to load personalized environments for each user. When a profile becomes corrupted, Windows may fail to load it correctly, causing the user to be logged out or presented with a temporary profile.
Technicians can verify profile corruption by attempting to log in with a different account or creating a new profile. If the issue disappears with the new profile, the original user profile may need repair or migration of data to a new profile. In enterprise environments, group policy settings that enforce login scripts, network authentication, or security restrictions can also inadvertently log users out if misconfigured. Reviewing group policy objects (GPOs) and event logs helps identify conflicts or misapplied policies.
Options B), C), and D—updating desktop wallpaper, increasing virtual memory, or reinstalling office software—do not impact user profile integrity or authentication mechanisms, and thus cannot resolve unexpected logouts. Other contributing factors may include domain controller connectivity issues, network authentication failures, or corrupted credentials stored in the Windows Credential Manager. Addressing these factors involves ensuring network stability, verifying domain membership, and clearing cached credentials when necessary.
Proactive preventive measures include regular backups of user profiles, validating GPO settings before deployment, and maintaining proper Active Directory health. User education regarding safe profile management and avoiding abrupt system shutdowns helps prevent profile corruption. Implementing a structured troubleshooting approach that starts with profile and policy verification ensures a swift resolution, minimizes productivity loss, and maintains secure access to system resources.
By prioritizing user profile and group policy assessment, the technician addresses the root cause efficiently, restores a stable login experience, and prevents recurring authentication issues. This ensures continuity for users and maintains enterprise security standards.
Question 125
A user reports that their Windows workstation frequently experiences application crashes when accessing files stored on a network share. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Network connectivity issues or permissions misconfiguration
B) Update desktop wallpaper
C) Increase virtual memory
D) Change screen resolution
Answer: A
Explanation:
Frequent application crashes when accessing files stored on a network share are often caused by network connectivity problems or improperly configured permissions. Network shares rely on stable connections and correct access rights to allow users to read, write, or modify files. Interruptions in connectivity, high latency, or packet loss can cause applications to freeze or crash when attempting to access files over the network. Similarly, insufficient permissions or ownership conflicts can prevent proper file access, resulting in unexpected program failures.
Technicians should first verify the network connection using ping tests or continuous monitoring to detect intermittent issues. Reviewing event logs on both the workstation and the server hosting the share can reveal errors such as failed authentication attempts, disconnected sessions, or network timeouts. Permissions should be checked to ensure the user has the necessary read/write access for the specific folder or files. Incorrect ACL (Access Control List) entries or inherited restrictions may cause applications to crash unexpectedly.
Options B), C), and D—updating desktop wallpaper, increasing virtual memory, or changing screen resolution—do not impact network communication or file permissions and are irrelevant to the problem. Ensuring reliable network connectivity, proper server configuration, and user permissions is the core solution. In enterprise environments, using mapped network drives, VPN connections, and automated reconnection scripts can improve access reliability. Regular server maintenance, network performance monitoring, and endpoint troubleshooting reduce recurring application crashes related to network shares.
Preventive practices include validating network stability, implementing proper access controls, and ensuring backup copies of critical files exist on both local and network storage. This approach ensures user productivity is maintained, reduces the likelihood of data corruption, and enhances overall system stability. Addressing network connectivity and permissions first allows the technician to quickly pinpoint the root cause and implement effective solutions, preventing further disruption.
Question 126
A user reports that their Windows computer is running very slowly, and Task Manager shows high disk usage even when no applications are actively running. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Disk-intensive background processes such as Windows Update or indexing
B) Increase desktop screen resolution
C) Change desktop wallpaper
D) Update office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
When a Windows computer exhibits poor performance accompanied by high disk usage in Task Manager despite no visible applications running, it is frequently caused by disk-intensive background processes, such as Windows Update, indexing services, or antivirus scans. Windows constantly performs maintenance tasks in the background, which can consume a substantial amount of disk bandwidth and slow down other operations.
One common culprit is the Windows Search Indexer, which catalogs files to improve search speed. While indexing is necessary for quick file searches, it can monopolize disk I/O during its initial run or when significant file changes occur. Another frequent cause is Windows Update, which downloads and installs updates in the background. These updates may involve large files and temporary disk writes, creating high disk activity that affects system responsiveness. Antivirus and antimalware scans running automatically can also increase disk usage by checking multiple files and folders in real-time.
Diagnosing high disk usage requires reviewing Task Manager or Resource Monitor, where technicians can identify which processes are consuming the most I/O resources. From there, steps such as temporarily pausing Windows Update, adjusting indexing settings, or scheduling antivirus scans for off-peak hours can alleviate disk contention. Running disk health checks using CHKDSK can rule out potential file system corruption that exacerbates performance problems.
Options B), C), and D—changing screen resolution, desktop wallpaper, or updating office software—have no impact on disk I/O or background maintenance tasks and will not resolve high disk usage. Efficient management of disk-intensive tasks is critical to maintaining system responsiveness. Implementing scheduled maintenance, ensuring sufficient free space, and using tools like Performance Monitor to identify recurring bottlenecks provides long-term performance stability.
Proper memory management also complements disk performance because insufficient RAM forces Windows to use virtual memory on the disk, further intensifying disk I/O. Addressing high disk usage proactively reduces user frustration, improves productivity, and prevents long-term wear on storage devices, especially mechanical hard drives. By identifying and managing background processes first, technicians ensure that system slowdowns are addressed effectively without unnecessary hardware replacements.
Question 127
A user reports that after connecting an external USB device, the computer fails to recognize it and displays an “Unknown Device” error. Which of the following should a technician check first?
A) Device drivers and USB port functionality
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
When a Windows computer does not recognize an external USB device and displays an “Unknown Device” error, the most likely cause involves device drivers or USB port functionality. USB devices rely on drivers to communicate properly with the operating system. If the driver is missing, outdated, or corrupted, Windows will fail to identify the device. Similarly, a malfunctioning USB port or damaged cable can prevent data transfer and device recognition.
Technicians should start by testing the USB device on another port or another computer to determine if the issue is with the device itself or the local system. Verifying the USB port’s operational status using Device Manager is also essential. A yellow warning symbol next to the USB controller often indicates driver problems. Updating or reinstalling the driver through Device Manager typically resolves recognition errors.
Cable integrity is another critical factor. Damaged or low-quality USB cables can intermittently connect or fail to transmit data correctly. For USB hubs, ensuring they are powered and functioning correctly is necessary because passive hubs may not supply sufficient power for certain devices. Additionally, checking for Windows Updates can ensure that system-level USB drivers are current and compatible with connected devices.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—have no effect on USB recognition and are irrelevant troubleshooting steps. Comprehensive USB troubleshooting includes driver verification, hardware testing, and port inspection, which often resolve these connectivity issues. In professional environments, technicians may also leverage tools like USBDeview to check all connected USB devices and their status, which helps identify lingering device conflicts or multiple device instances.
Ensuring proper USB device functionality is critical, particularly when external storage or peripherals are essential for productivity. By addressing drivers and port functionality first, the technician can restore normal operation efficiently, prevent recurring errors, and maintain uninterrupted workflow for end-users. Proactive driver maintenance and periodic port inspection also help prevent future “Unknown Device” errors and ensure hardware reliability.
Question 128
A user reports that their laptop battery is draining unusually fast despite minimal usage. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Excessive background processes and high screen brightness
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Rapid battery drainage on a laptop, even with minimal usage, typically results from excessive background processes or hardware settings that consume power unnecessarily, such as high screen brightness. Modern operating systems and applications often run background tasks like Windows Update, antivirus scans, cloud synchronization, and telemetry collection. These processes continuously use CPU cycles, network activity, and disk access, all of which contribute to higher power consumption.
Screen brightness is another major factor. Laptop displays consume more battery at higher brightness levels, particularly in devices with high-resolution panels or HDR capabilities. Reducing brightness, enabling adaptive brightness, or utilizing battery-saving profiles can significantly improve battery life. Windows provides Battery Saver mode, which limits background activity, reduces screen brightness, and optimizes system resources to prolong battery runtime.
Other contributors may include malware or poorly optimized applications that execute continuously in the background, consuming CPU and memory resources. Running performance monitoring tools like Task Manager or Resource Monitor helps identify these power-hungry processes. Battery health should also be checked through Windows PowerShell commands or the manufacturer’s diagnostic utilities to detect cells that may have lost capacity over time.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not materially impact battery consumption in the context of this problem. Addressing background processes, display settings, and battery health provides the most effective solution. Additionally, hardware considerations such as aging batteries, defective charging circuits, or temperature extremes can reduce effective battery life. In laptops with removable batteries, testing a replacement battery may confirm hardware degradation.
Proactive measures to extend battery life include managing startup applications, adjusting power profiles, reducing unnecessary peripherals usage, and performing periodic battery calibration. By systematically addressing background processes and hardware settings, technicians ensure laptops maintain acceptable battery performance, minimizing user frustration and increasing device longevity.
Question 129
A user reports that after installing a recent Windows update, the computer experiences frequent driver errors and system instability. Which of the following is the best initial step for troubleshooting?
A) Roll back the problematic update or driver
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase virtual memory
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
System instability and driver errors following a Windows update are often caused by driver conflicts or compatibility issues introduced by the update. The best initial step is to roll back the problematic update or driver. Windows maintains a restore point before installing updates and allows users to revert drivers to previous stable versions. This process often resolves conflicts that arise when new updates are incompatible with existing hardware or software configurations.
Technicians can roll back drivers through Device Manager by selecting the device, opening the driver tab, and choosing Roll Back Driver if the option is available. If the issue is related to the Windows update itself, using Settings > Update & Security > Recovery > Go Back to the Previous Version of Windows 10/11 can restore the system to a stable state. Reviewing Windows Update history helps identify the specific update causing the problem.
Other tools such as System Restore provide the ability to revert the system to a state before the update occurred, maintaining installed applications and user data while removing the recent changes that introduced instability. Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing virtual memory, or reinstalling office software—do not address system-level update conflicts or driver compatibility issues.
Preventive measures include delaying non-critical updates, verifying driver compatibility before applying updates, and maintaining regular backups of system configurations. IT administrators in enterprise environments may use Windows Update for Business policies to stage updates in test environments before wide deployment, preventing widespread instability. By addressing the update or driver conflict first, the technician can stabilize the system efficiently, minimizing downtime and restoring user confidence.
Effective troubleshooting in these scenarios also involves monitoring for recurring driver errors, ensuring firmware is current, and validating peripheral compatibility with the operating system. Rolling back problematic changes ensures the system remains usable while planning for permanent solutions like driver updates, patches, or system upgrades.
Question 130
A user reports that their computer frequently loses access to network drives intermittently, even though the network connection remains active. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Network drive mappings or credential issues
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Intermittent loss of access to network drives, despite an active network connection, is commonly caused by incorrect network drive mappings or credential authentication issues. Windows maps network drives using a combination of IP addresses or hostnames and user credentials. If the credentials are invalid, expired, or not stored properly, the mapped drives may disconnect intermittently. Similarly, misconfigured mappings pointing to unavailable paths or servers can cause intermittent access issues.
Technicians should verify that the mapped drive points to the correct server and share path. Checking stored credentials in Credential Manager ensures that the system has the proper authentication information. If the server requires domain credentials or periodic re-authentication, users may need to update their credentials or use the “Reconnect at sign-in” option to maintain persistent connections. Network stability should also be evaluated, as packet loss, intermittent latency, or DNS resolution issues can compound drive access problems.
Options B), C), and D—changing desktop wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—have no impact on network drive mapping or authentication. Proper troubleshooting involves reviewing network configuration, mapped drives, user permissions, and domain authentication. Monitoring logs on both client and server systems can reveal disconnect events, failed login attempts, or intermittent network outages.
Preventive measures include establishing robust network policies, using static IPs or reliable DNS servers for critical network shares, and periodically refreshing cached credentials to prevent disconnection. Ensuring drives are correctly mapped with the proper permissions and reconnection settings provides a stable and reliable experience for end-users. By addressing mapping and credential issues first, the technician can quickly restore consistent access to network resources and prevent productivity loss caused by frequent drive disconnections.
Question 131
A user reports that their Windows system frequently freezes during normal operations, and Event Viewer logs show multiple application errors and memory-related warnings. Which of the following is the most probable cause?
A) Faulty RAM or memory corruption
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
When a Windows system experiences frequent freezes or crashes, coupled with Event Viewer logs indicating multiple application errors and memory warnings, the most likely cause is faulty RAM or memory corruption. RAM (Random Access Memory) is a critical component that temporarily stores data for active processes, applications, and the operating system. If the RAM modules are defective, misaligned, or incompatible, they can cause unpredictable system behavior, including application crashes, freezes, blue screen errors, or memory warnings in Event Viewer.
Memory-related issues may arise due to several factors, including electrostatic discharge during installation, heat-related degradation, or simply using memory modules that are not supported by the motherboard. Symptoms of failing RAM are often inconsistent, making troubleshooting challenging. Users may notice freezes during memory-intensive operations such as multitasking, running virtual machines, or gaming, but even routine tasks can trigger errors.
Technicians typically employ Windows Memory Diagnostic or third-party tools like MemTest86 to thoroughly test RAM integrity. These tools run multiple patterns of memory reads and writes to detect errors and isolate defective modules. If a single module is faulty, replacing it often resolves the problem entirely. Additionally, ensuring that memory is seated properly in its slots and that modules are compatible with the motherboard specifications is critical for long-term stability.
Other factors such as driver conflicts, outdated BIOS firmware, or software corruption can exacerbate memory issues, but the root cause in this scenario is hardware-based. Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing screen resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not affect memory integrity and will not resolve system freezes or memory warnings.
In professional environments, preventive measures include running periodic memory checks, ensuring proper cooling within the case to avoid thermal damage, and sourcing memory from reputable manufacturers. Proper RAM management directly impacts overall system stability, performance, and reliability. Addressing defective memory promptly prevents data corruption, enhances user productivity, and extends the usable life of the computer. By isolating the faulty RAM and replacing or reseating it, technicians restore normal operation and prevent recurring system instability, which is particularly crucial for mission-critical workstations and servers.
Question 132
A user complains that their system cannot connect to the Internet even though the Wi-Fi icon shows full signal strength. Other devices on the same network are functioning normally. Which of the following is the first step a technician should take?
A) Verify IP configuration and network settings
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
When a Windows system shows full Wi-Fi signal strength but cannot access the Internet while other devices on the same network function correctly, the issue usually lies with the computer’s IP configuration or network settings. Even though the physical connection to the Wi-Fi network is intact, incorrect IP addresses, subnet masks, default gateways, or DNS configurations can prevent communication with the broader network or Internet.
A technician should start by running ipconfig /all in the Command Prompt to verify the current IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS servers. If the IP address is invalid or set to an automatic assignment (DHCP) that failed, manually configuring a valid IP or releasing and renewing the DHCP lease using ipconfig /release and ipconfig /renew can restore connectivity. DNS server misconfigurations can also block Internet access, even when local network connectivity is functional, and may require updating the DNS settings to reliable public servers or the ISP-provided servers.
Other steps include checking the Windows network adapter settings to ensure the adapter is enabled and functioning correctly. Flushing the DNS cache with ipconfig /flushdns can also resolve connectivity issues caused by stale or corrupted records. Network troubleshooting tools like ping, tracert, or nslookup provide insights into connectivity at different layers, helping pinpoint where the connection fails.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not address IP misconfiguration or networking issues. Proper troubleshooting requires systematically verifying network configuration, adapter functionality, and potential software conflicts. In some cases, firewall settings or antivirus applications may block Internet access, requiring temporary adjustments during testing.
Preventive measures include ensuring network adapter drivers are updated, setting consistent DHCP configurations, and documenting network settings for each workstation. By focusing on IP configuration and network settings first, technicians efficiently restore Internet connectivity while minimizing unnecessary changes or disruptions. Ensuring proper network settings is essential for continuous access to cloud services, email, and web resources, which are integral to modern business productivity.
Question 133
A user reports that their computer screen occasionally flickers and shows graphical artifacts when running multiple applications. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Outdated or corrupted graphics driver
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Screen flickering and graphical artifacts are commonly caused by outdated or corrupted graphics drivers. Graphics drivers are essential software components that enable the operating system and applications to communicate effectively with the GPU (Graphics Processing Unit). If the driver is incompatible, outdated, or corrupted, the GPU may render graphics incorrectly, leading to flickering, visual glitches, or complete application crashes.
Symptoms often appear when the system runs graphics-intensive applications, multiple monitors, or high-resolution displays. Users may notice flickering in web browsers, video playback, or even during routine multitasking. A corrupted graphics driver can also cause Windows to revert to a default display adapter, limiting functionality and performance.
Technicians should first check Device Manager for any warning symbols under Display Adapters and verify the current driver version. Updating to the latest driver provided by the GPU manufacturer often resolves these issues. If updating does not help, uninstalling the existing driver and performing a clean installation can eliminate corrupted files and reset GPU configurations.
Other contributing factors may include hardware acceleration conflicts, overheating GPUs, or failing graphics cards. Checking the system for proper cooling, ensuring the GPU is seated correctly, and monitoring temperatures during operation can help identify hardware-related issues. Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not affect GPU functionality and will not resolve visual anomalies.
Preventive measures involve keeping graphics drivers current, using trusted sources for updates, and monitoring system stability after major updates. Modern operating systems like Windows 10 and 11 sometimes automatically install generic drivers that may conflict with specific GPU features, so technician intervention may be necessary. Addressing driver-related problems promptly ensures smooth visual output, minimizes user frustration, and maintains performance for both productivity and entertainment applications. Correct GPU driver management is critical in preventing long-term damage to graphics hardware and avoiding system instability caused by improper rendering.
Question 134
A user reports that their Windows system takes an unusually long time to boot, and performance is sluggish immediately after login. Which of the following should be checked first?
A) Startup programs and services
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Slow boot times and sluggish performance immediately after login are frequently caused by excessive startup programs and services. Many applications automatically configure themselves to start with Windows, including messaging apps, cloud sync utilities, antivirus software, and unnecessary background services. Each additional startup process increases CPU, memory, and disk usage during boot, extending startup time and reducing system responsiveness.
Technicians can use Task Manager’s Startup tab or MSConfig to review and disable unnecessary startup items. Evaluating the impact of each program on boot time allows prioritization, enabling essential software to launch while postponing or preventing less critical programs. This step significantly improves boot speed and post-login responsiveness.
Additionally, managing Windows services through the Services management console can reduce unnecessary background activity. Disabling nonessential services, particularly for older or resource-constrained systems, frees CPU and memory resources for active applications. Other optimizations include enabling fast startup, defragmenting traditional hard drives, and ensuring sufficient free disk space, which allows the operating system to perform caching and memory paging efficiently.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not impact startup processes or background services and are irrelevant in this scenario. Persistent performance issues may also be caused by malware or fragmented storage, so running antivirus scans and disk checks can provide additional stability.
Preventive measures involve periodic review of startup applications, regular system maintenance, and educating users about installing software that automatically configures itself to launch at startup. By managing startup programs and services first, technicians can restore system performance efficiently, reduce boot time, and improve user satisfaction without unnecessary hardware upgrades. Optimizing startup processes ensures the computer is ready for productive use immediately after login, enhancing overall workflow and system reliability.
Question 135
A user reports that their system intermittently disconnects from the wireless network, while other devices on the same network function normally. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Wireless adapter driver or configuration issues
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Intermittent wireless disconnections are often caused by issues with the wireless adapter driver or configuration. Even if the Wi-Fi signal appears strong, driver corruption, outdated drivers, or improper adapter settings can disrupt communication with the router, resulting in intermittent connectivity. Many wireless drivers require updates to maintain compatibility with router firmware or new Windows updates.
Technicians should verify that the wireless adapter driver is current and properly installed. Tools like Device Manager can identify potential issues, while manufacturer websites often provide updated drivers optimized for the specific adapter model. Additionally, checking adapter settings, including power management options, can prevent the system from turning off the wireless card to conserve energy, which is a common cause of intermittent disconnections.
Other factors include conflicting software, security settings, or network misconfigurations. For example, IP lease expiration or DHCP conflicts can temporarily disrupt network access. Running network troubleshooting utilities such as ping, ipconfig, and tracert helps isolate the problem. Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not affect wireless functionality.
Preventive measures involve ensuring drivers are regularly updated, disabling power-saving features that impact network adapters, and documenting wireless configurations for consistency. In enterprise environments, maintaining standardized network profiles and driver versions reduces connectivity issues across multiple devices. Addressing driver and configuration issues first ensures a reliable wireless experience, prevents frequent disconnections, and minimizes workflow interruptions caused by network instability. Proper maintenance of wireless adapters also extends hardware lifespan and ensures compatibility with evolving network technologies.
Question 136
A user reports that their Windows system is running extremely slowly and often shows “Not Responding” messages when switching between applications. Task Manager shows high CPU utilization by multiple background processes. Which of the following should the technician check first?
A) Background processes and resource-hogging applications
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
When a Windows system exhibits sluggish behavior, frequent “Not Responding” messages, and high CPU utilization, the primary cause is often resource-intensive background processes or poorly optimized applications. The CPU handles all processing tasks in a computer, including running applications, managing operating system functions, and executing background services. If one or more processes consume excessive CPU cycles, the system’s responsiveness decreases, affecting both foreground applications and overall user experience.
Technicians should open Task Manager and examine the Processes tab to identify programs that consume disproportionate CPU resources. Common culprits include cloud synchronization software, poorly optimized browser tabs with multiple extensions, third-party utilities running in the background, or malware disguised as legitimate processes. Addressing these issues may involve terminating unnecessary processes, updating or reinstalling software, or running antivirus scans to detect malicious activity.
Another important step is to check for Windows Services that might be running unnecessarily. Some services are essential for system operation, but many third-party or legacy services may not be required and can be safely disabled or delayed during startup. Using MSConfig or the Task Manager Startup tab allows technicians to selectively manage startup processes, reducing resource strain during boot and improving immediate post-login performance.
High CPU usage can also result from system updates or background indexing, especially after upgrading to newer versions of Windows or installing large-scale updates. While these activities are typically temporary, extended high usage can be a symptom of conflict or corruption, requiring troubleshooting steps such as clearing update cache or repairing system files using sfc /scannow.
Options B), C), and D—changing desktop wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not affect CPU load or background processes and are unlikely to resolve the issue. Preventive measures involve regularly monitoring system performance, educating users about installing only necessary applications, keeping software updated, and maintaining up-to-date antivirus protection. Optimizing resource usage ensures smoother multitasking, reduces the risk of system crashes, and prolongs the operational lifespan of the computer. By prioritizing the investigation of CPU-intensive background processes, technicians can quickly restore system efficiency and enhance user productivity without resorting to unnecessary hardware changes.
Question 137
A user reports that their laptop battery drains unusually quickly even after a recent full charge. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Power settings and background applications consuming excessive power
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Laptop batteries losing charge rapidly are often affected by power-hungry background applications and inappropriate power settings. Modern laptops utilize power management settings to balance performance and energy efficiency, adjusting CPU speed, display brightness, and peripheral activity. If the system is set to High Performance mode, the CPU and GPU remain fully active, consuming more energy than necessary.
Additionally, applications running in the background, such as cloud backup services, automatic updates, antivirus scans, and multimedia applications, significantly contribute to battery drain. Task Manager or Resource Monitor can be used to pinpoint processes consuming high CPU, disk, or network resources, which indirectly increases power consumption. Adjusting settings such as disabling background applications, limiting startup programs, and reducing notifications can substantially improve battery life.
Hardware factors can also influence battery efficiency. Older batteries may degrade over time, reducing capacity and causing faster discharge, while peripherals such as external hard drives, USB devices, or high-brightness displays can exacerbate power drain. Checking battery health using Windows Battery Report or manufacturer-provided utilities allows technicians to assess remaining battery capacity and decide if replacement is required.
Malware and software conflicts may also contribute to unusual battery behavior. Applications performing repetitive tasks or hidden processes running in the background can increase CPU cycles unnecessarily. Running antivirus scans and updating software drivers can mitigate such issues.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not have a direct effect on battery longevity. Preventive measures include using appropriate power plans, reducing screen brightness, disabling unused peripherals, and educating users about energy-efficient practices. By addressing power settings and monitoring background processes, technicians can maximize battery life, ensuring that laptops remain portable and reliable throughout the workday, improving both efficiency and user satisfaction. Proper battery management is critical in modern mobile environments where consistent uptime is essential for productivity.
Question 138
A user reports that they cannot open files downloaded from the Internet, and the system displays “Windows cannot open this file” errors. Which of the following is the most probable cause?
A) File association or default program configuration issues
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Windows systems rely on file associations and default program settings to determine which application opens a specific file type. When users download files from the Internet and encounter errors like “Windows cannot open this file,” the issue is typically related to either a missing or misconfigured file association. Each file extension, such as .docx, .pdf, .jpg, or .mp4, must be linked to an installed program capable of handling that file type.
Technicians should check the Default Apps settings in Windows to ensure that appropriate applications are assigned to relevant file types. For instance, a PDF file should be associated with a PDF reader such as Adobe Reader or an alternative, while office documents require applications like Microsoft Word or Excel. If a file association is missing or corrupted, manually reassigning the default program resolves the issue. Additionally, third-party applications can sometimes override default settings, so verifying software installation order and resetting associations may be necessary.
Corrupted or incomplete downloads can exacerbate this problem. In such cases, redownloading files and verifying their integrity can help. Security features in Windows, such as SmartScreen, can also block or restrict files from untrusted sources, generating errors when users attempt to open them. Ensuring downloaded files are safe and properly signed can prevent conflicts.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not influence how the operating system handles file types and will not resolve errors related to opening downloaded files. Preventive measures include maintaining up-to-date software, ensuring proper file associations during installation, and educating users about safe downloading practices. By systematically troubleshooting default program configurations, technicians can restore normal file accessibility, reduce frustration, and maintain workflow continuity. Correctly configured file associations are essential for productivity, as users rely on immediate access to documents, media, and application files to perform everyday tasks efficiently.
Question 139
A user reports that their Windows system frequently displays pop-ups and redirects their web browser to unfamiliar websites. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Malware or adware infection
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Frequent pop-ups, browser redirects, and unexpected behavior on web pages are classic symptoms of malware or adware infections. Malware encompasses a variety of malicious software types, including viruses, worms, Trojans, spyware, and adware, all designed to interfere with system operation, collect user data, or generate revenue for attackers through advertisements. Adware specifically targets web browsers, injecting ads, redirecting search results, and displaying unwanted notifications.
Technicians should begin by scanning the system with reputable antivirus and anti-malware tools, ensuring full system scans rather than quick scans to identify deeply embedded threats. Malicious programs can reside in browser extensions, startup folders, scheduled tasks, or the Windows registry, making comprehensive scanning essential. In some cases, manually removing malware from startup programs, browser settings, and installed applications may be required.
Preventing future infections involves educating users on safe browsing practices, avoiding suspicious downloads, and keeping both the operating system and security software updated. Browser security settings and extension management are also crucial for minimizing vulnerability. Temporary network disconnections, cache clearing, and even resetting the browser may be necessary to fully restore normal functionality.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not address malware or adware and are ineffective against browser-based infections. Proactive measures include enabling real-time antivirus protection, configuring firewalls, and conducting periodic system scans. Addressing malware infections promptly preserves data integrity, protects sensitive information, and restores normal system and network performance. Failure to remove malware can lead to further compromise, including identity theft, unauthorized network access, and reduced system performance. Technicians must adopt a systematic approach, combining detection, removal, and prevention strategies to ensure long-term security and reliability.
Question 140
A user reports that their external USB drive is not recognized on multiple computers, and Device Manager shows an unknown device error. Which of the following should the technician check first?
A) USB driver installation and device recognition
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
When an external USB drive is not recognized across multiple systems, the problem is often related to USB driver installation or device recognition issues. USB drivers allow the operating system to communicate with peripheral devices. Without proper drivers, the system may identify a device as unknown, preventing access to stored data.
Technicians should begin by checking Device Manager for unrecognized devices or devices marked with warning icons. Updating or reinstalling the USB drivers often resolves the issue. Windows can sometimes automatically attempt to install generic drivers, but manufacturer-specific drivers may be necessary for full functionality. Ensuring that the USB drive is connected to a fully functional port, preferably directly on the motherboard rather than through a hub, eliminates potential hardware-level conflicts.
Other considerations include file system corruption on the USB drive, which can prevent recognition. Tools such as Disk Management or third-party utilities can verify the drive’s integrity and perform repairs if necessary. Testing the device on multiple ports and systems helps isolate whether the problem is hardware- or software-related.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not affect USB device recognition. Preventive measures include regularly updating drivers, safely ejecting USB devices, and maintaining backup copies of important data to mitigate potential drive failures. Proper USB management ensures data accessibility, reduces downtime, and preserves the reliability of external storage devices. Addressing driver and recognition issues first allows technicians to systematically restore functionality, prevent data loss, and improve workflow efficiency across multiple systems.
