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Exam Code: CISSP
Exam Name: Certified Information Systems Security Professional
Certification Provider: ISC
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Certified Information Systems Security Professional CISSP Practice Test 55

Question 540

A breached workstation may be used in later litigation. Which security recommendation MOST directly addresses the described risk or requirement?

  1. Copy interesting files onto an investigator's personal USB drive without recording custody
  2. Take screenshots of the compromised desktop but omit forensic acquisition hashes and transfer accountability
  3. Reinstall the breached workstation immediately before preserving volatile and persistent evidence
  4. Acquire evidence with documented chain of custody and approved forensic methods

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Evidence integrity requires recorded handling from collection onward. A direct way to confirm the outcome is to review hash records and each custody transfer.

Incorrect Answers

A:

“Copy interesting files onto an investigator's personal USB drive without recording custody” would not establish the protection described: evidence integrity requires recorded handling from collection onward. The necessary change is “Acquire evidence with documented chain of custody and approved forensic methods” with the verification “Review hash records and each custody transfer”.

B:

“Take screenshots of the compromised desktop but omit forensic acquisition hashes and transfer accountability” leaves the essential control missing: evidence integrity requires recorded handling from collection onward. The direct corrective action is “Acquire evidence with documented chain of custody and approved forensic methods”, validated by the acceptance check “Review hash records and each custody transfer”.

C:

“Reinstall the breached workstation immediately before preserving volatile and persistent evidence” would not establish the protection described: evidence integrity requires recorded handling from collection onward. The necessary change is “Acquire evidence with documented chain of custody and approved forensic methods” with the verification “Review hash records and each custody transfer”.

Question 541

A breached workstation may be used in later litigation. After implementing a remedy, which acceptance-test evidence MOST directly demonstrates that the specific issue has been addressed?

  1. Review hash records and each custody transfer
  2. Verify the workstation was rebuilt but not that original media were preserved under approved methods
  3. Confirm a disk copy exists without validating acquisition hashes or chain-of-custody entries
  4. Review the incident ticket while unrecorded evidence handlers retain access

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Evidence integrity requires recorded handling from collection onward. The result of the remedy is checked directly: Review hash records and each custody transfer.

Incorrect Answers

B:

An observation of “Verify the workstation was rebuilt but not that original media were preserved under approved methods” would not verify the relevant control. Evidence integrity requires recorded handling from collection onward. The necessary acceptance evidence is “Review hash records and each custody transfer”.

C:

The acceptance test must demonstrate “Review hash records and each custody transfer” because evidence integrity requires recorded handling from collection onward. “Confirm a disk copy exists without validating acquisition hashes or chain-of-custody entries” cannot establish that result.

D:

An observation of “Review the incident ticket while unrecorded evidence handlers retain access” would not verify the relevant control. Evidence integrity requires recorded handling from collection onward. The necessary acceptance evidence is “Review hash records and each custody transfer”.

Question 542

A suspected data theft spans cloud logs and mobile devices. Which security recommendation MOST directly addresses the described risk or requirement?

  1. Inspect only the cloud console dashboard and defer collecting mobile evidence until devices are wiped
  2. Define an investigation plan that preserves volatile and remote artifacts
  3. Pull all cloud logs after their short retention expires without prioritizing volatile records
  4. Analyze mobile screenshots alone while remote identity and provider event timelines remain uncorrelated

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Investigations must account for the different volatility of sources. A direct way to confirm the outcome is to reconcile timelines across devices, accounts and providers.

Incorrect Answers

A:

“Inspect only the cloud console dashboard and defer collecting mobile evidence until devices are wiped” is not the relevant mitigation. Investigations must account for the different volatility of sources. The scenario calls for “Define an investigation plan that preserves volatile and remote artifacts”; the acceptance check is “Reconcile timelines across devices, accounts and providers”.

C:

“Pull all cloud logs after their short retention expires without prioritizing volatile records” is not the relevant mitigation. Investigations must account for the different volatility of sources. The scenario calls for “Define an investigation plan that preserves volatile and remote artifacts”; the acceptance check is “Reconcile timelines across devices, accounts and providers”.

D:

The proposal “Analyze mobile screenshots alone while remote identity and provider event timelines remain uncorrelated” does not meet the relevant requirement because investigations must account for the different volatility of sources. The matching remediation is “Define an investigation plan that preserves volatile and remote artifacts”.

Question 543

A suspected data theft spans cloud logs and mobile devices. After implementing a remedy, which acceptance-test evidence MOST directly demonstrates that the specific issue has been addressed?

  1. Review the investigation case number but not whether volatile artifacts were preserved
  2. Check collected file totals while gaps across providers and devices remain unresolved
  3. Reconcile timelines across devices, accounts and providers
  4. Confirm one cloud event timestamp without comparing mobile and account activity

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Investigations must account for the different volatility of sources. The result of the remedy is checked directly: Reconcile timelines across devices, accounts and providers.

Incorrect Answers

A:

“Review the investigation case number but not whether volatile artifacts were preserved” does not show the required outcome: reconcile timelines across devices, accounts and providers. That test matters because investigations must account for the different volatility of sources.

B:

Investigations must account for the different volatility of sources. The proposed check, “Check collected file totals while gaps across providers and devices remain unresolved”, misses the relevant outcome; “Reconcile timelines across devices, accounts and providers” tests whether the intended remedy worked.

D:

Investigations must account for the different volatility of sources. The proposed check, “Confirm one cloud event timestamp without comparing mobile and account activity”, misses the relevant outcome; “Reconcile timelines across devices, accounts and providers” tests whether the intended remedy worked.

Question 544

An incident responder wants to inspect an employee laptop without authorization. Which security recommendation MOST directly addresses the described risk or requirement?

  1. Request the employee's password through informal chat without documented investigation scope
  2. Image the employee laptop first and ask legal counsel for permission after examining private content
  3. Treat the responder's security job title as automatic authority to collect all employee personal files
  4. Obtain legal and organizational authority before invasive collection

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Technical ability does not confer investigative authority. A direct way to confirm the outcome is to check approval scope and analyst actions against investigation policy.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Technical ability does not confer investigative authority. “Request the employee's password through informal chat without documented investigation scope” does not supply that control; “Obtain legal and organizational authority before invasive collection” addresses the identified gap, and “Check approval scope and analyst actions against investigation policy” verifies the result.

B:

The security distinction is that technical ability does not confer investigative authority. “Image the employee laptop first and ask legal counsel for permission after examining private content” addresses neither the required “Obtain legal and organizational authority before invasive collection” action nor its supporting evidence: “Check approval scope and analyst actions against investigation policy”.

C:

Technical ability does not confer investigative authority. “Treat the responder's security job title as automatic authority to collect all employee personal files” does not supply that control; “Obtain legal and organizational authority before invasive collection” addresses the identified gap, and “Check approval scope and analyst actions against investigation policy” verifies the result.

Question 545

An incident responder wants to inspect an employee laptop without authorization. After implementing a remedy, which acceptance-test evidence MOST directly demonstrates that the specific issue has been addressed?

  1. Check approval scope and analyst actions against investigation policy
  2. Confirm a forensic tool ran successfully without inspecting approved authority and scope
  3. Check the analyst's training certificate instead of the legal authorization record
  4. Review collected files while ignoring whether investigator actions exceeded permitted boundaries

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Technical ability does not confer investigative authority. The result of the remedy is checked directly: Check approval scope and analyst actions against investigation policy.

Incorrect Answers

B:

“Confirm a forensic tool ran successfully without inspecting approved authority and scope” evaluates something other than the specified fix. The meaningful evidence is “Check approval scope and analyst actions against investigation policy”, reflecting the requirement that technical ability does not confer investigative authority.

C:

“Check the analyst's training certificate instead of the legal authorization record” is insufficient to demonstrate that “Obtain legal and organizational authority before invasive collection” works. Technical ability does not confer investigative authority. The decisive test is “Check approval scope and analyst actions against investigation policy”.

D:

“Review collected files while ignoring whether investigator actions exceeded permitted boundaries” evaluates something other than the specified fix. The meaningful evidence is “Check approval scope and analyst actions against investigation policy”, reflecting the requirement that technical ability does not confer investigative authority.

Question 546

A SIEM collects firewall logs but fails to correlate a coordinated login attack. Which security recommendation MOST directly addresses the described risk or requirement?

  1. Create a SIEM rule that alerts on each separate login failure but never connects campaign patterns
  2. Build normalized detection logic combining identity and network events
  3. Depend on analysts to manually compare timestamps without normalized user and network identifiers
  4. Increase firewall log retention alone while leaving identity and network events uncorrelated

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Central collection alone does not provide actionable detection. A direct way to confirm the outcome is to replay known attack events and verify a correlated finding.

Incorrect Answers

A:

“Create a SIEM rule that alerts on each separate login failure but never connects campaign patterns” would not establish the protection described: central collection alone does not provide actionable detection. The necessary change is “Build normalized detection logic combining identity and network events” with the verification “Replay known attack events and verify a correlated finding”.

C:

“Depend on analysts to manually compare timestamps without normalized user and network identifiers” would not establish the protection described: central collection alone does not provide actionable detection. The necessary change is “Build normalized detection logic combining identity and network events” with the verification “Replay known attack events and verify a correlated finding”.

D:

“Increase firewall log retention alone while leaving identity and network events uncorrelated” leaves the essential control missing: central collection alone does not provide actionable detection. The direct corrective action is “Build normalized detection logic combining identity and network events”, validated by the acceptance check “Replay known attack events and verify a correlated finding”.

Question 547

A SIEM collects firewall logs but fails to correlate a coordinated login attack. After implementing a remedy, which acceptance-test evidence MOST directly demonstrates that the specific issue has been addressed?

  1. Check storage volume and indexing speed rather than correlation accuracy on known events
  2. Confirm firewall data is ingested without replaying the coordinated authentication attack
  3. Replay known attack events and verify a correlated finding
  4. Verify individual failures appear in searches while no combined detection fires

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Central collection alone does not provide actionable detection. The result of the remedy is checked directly: Replay known attack events and verify a correlated finding.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The acceptance test must demonstrate “Replay known attack events and verify a correlated finding” because central collection alone does not provide actionable detection. “Check storage volume and indexing speed rather than correlation accuracy on known events” cannot establish that result.

B:

An observation of “Confirm firewall data is ingested without replaying the coordinated authentication attack” would not verify the relevant control. Central collection alone does not provide actionable detection. The necessary acceptance evidence is “Replay known attack events and verify a correlated finding”.

D:

An observation of “Verify individual failures appear in searches while no combined detection fires” would not verify the relevant control. Central collection alone does not provide actionable detection. The necessary acceptance evidence is “Replay known attack events and verify a correlated finding”.

Question 548

Administrators ignore a flood of noisy malware alerts. Which security recommendation MOST directly addresses the described risk or requirement?

  1. Disable all malware detections so analysts can focus on higher-priority tickets
  2. Keep noisy alerts unchanged and require staff to acknowledge every one regardless of relevance
  3. Raise every alert to critical severity without distinguishing false positives or missed threats
  4. Tune detection based on validated signal quality and impact

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Alert reduction should not silence meaningful threats. A direct way to confirm the outcome is to measure false positives alongside retained true detections.

Incorrect Answers

A:

“Disable all malware detections so analysts can focus on higher-priority tickets” is not the relevant mitigation. Alert reduction should not silence meaningful threats. The scenario calls for “Tune detection based on validated signal quality and impact”; the acceptance check is “Measure false positives alongside retained true detections”.

B:

The proposal “Keep noisy alerts unchanged and require staff to acknowledge every one regardless of relevance” does not meet the relevant requirement because alert reduction should not silence meaningful threats. The matching remediation is “Tune detection based on validated signal quality and impact”.

C:

“Raise every alert to critical severity without distinguishing false positives or missed threats” is not the relevant mitigation. Alert reduction should not silence meaningful threats. The scenario calls for “Tune detection based on validated signal quality and impact”; the acceptance check is “Measure false positives alongside retained true detections”.

Question 549

Administrators ignore a flood of noisy malware alerts. After implementing a remedy, which acceptance-test evidence MOST directly demonstrates that the specific issue has been addressed?

  1. Measure false positives alongside retained true detections
  2. Check analyst acknowledgement rates but not false-positive and true-positive behavior
  3. Review one benign sample while malware-like test events may now be suppressed
  4. Confirm alert volume decreases after disabling rules without measuring retained detection accuracy

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Alert reduction should not silence meaningful threats. The result of the remedy is checked directly: Measure false positives alongside retained true detections.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Alert reduction should not silence meaningful threats. The proposed check, “Check analyst acknowledgement rates but not false-positive and true-positive behavior”, misses the relevant outcome; “Measure false positives alongside retained true detections” tests whether the intended remedy worked.

C:

“Review one benign sample while malware-like test events may now be suppressed” does not show the required outcome: measure false positives alongside retained true detections. That test matters because alert reduction should not silence meaningful threats.

D:

Alert reduction should not silence meaningful threats. The proposed check, “Confirm alert volume decreases after disabling rules without measuring retained detection accuracy”, misses the relevant outcome; “Measure false positives alongside retained true detections” tests whether the intended remedy worked.

Question 550

An enterprise cannot identify unsanctioned outbound data transfers. Which security recommendation MOST directly addresses the described risk or requirement?

  1. Trust data owners to report exfiltration voluntarily while no egress telemetry is collected
  2. Monitor egress patterns and correlate with approved data movements
  3. Block one unapproved file-transfer domain without monitoring alternative outbound destinations
  4. Count total Internet bandwidth but ignore classification and authorization of the transferred data

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Ingress-only monitoring misses exfiltration routes. A direct way to confirm the outcome is to execute a controlled high-volume export and inspect telemetry.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Ingress-only monitoring misses exfiltration routes. “Trust data owners to report exfiltration voluntarily while no egress telemetry is collected” does not supply that control; “Monitor egress patterns and correlate with approved data movements” addresses the identified gap, and “Execute a controlled high-volume export and inspect telemetry” verifies the result.

C:

Ingress-only monitoring misses exfiltration routes. “Block one unapproved file-transfer domain without monitoring alternative outbound destinations” does not supply that control; “Monitor egress patterns and correlate with approved data movements” addresses the identified gap, and “Execute a controlled high-volume export and inspect telemetry” verifies the result.

D:

The security distinction is that ingress-only monitoring misses exfiltration routes. “Count total Internet bandwidth but ignore classification and authorization of the transferred data” addresses neither the required “Monitor egress patterns and correlate with approved data movements” action nor its supporting evidence: “Execute a controlled high-volume export and inspect telemetry”.

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