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Question 61:
What is the primary purpose of using a redirect ACL in Cisco ISE web authentication workflows such as CWA or BYOD onboarding?
A) To prevent DHCP from assigning an IP
B) To limit client traffic and force HTTP redirect to ISE portal
C) To block all network access until a timer expires
D) To assign an SGT dynamically
Answer: B
Explanation:
A redirect ACL plays a central role in Cisco ISE’s web-based authentication processes, particularly in workflows such as Central Web Authentication (CWA), BYOD onboarding, and guest registration. The redirect ACL ensures that unauthenticated or partially authenticated endpoints cannot freely access the network. Instead, it tightly controls allowed traffic and forces the client’s HTTP or HTTPS requests to be redirected to the Cisco ISE portal. This ensures user interaction with the login or onboarding page, enabling ISE to perform identity verification or certificate provisioning.
When a client first connects to a network using a wireless controller or switch configured for redirection, the device applies the redirect ACL received from ISE. This ACL typically permits DNS, DHCP, and traffic destined for ISE portals, but restricts general internet or corporate resource access. As soon as the client attempts HTTP communication, the NAD intercepts the request and redirects the session to ISE using a WebAuth redirect URL. This redirection enables workflows such as username/password login for guests, certificate enrollment for BYOD devices, or registration for sponsored access.
Option B is correct because redirect ACLs are explicitly designed to limit unauthenticated traffic and ensure that clients reach the ISE web portal for authentication. They do not block all traffic; essential services like DHCP and DNS must remain available so that the client can obtain an IP address and resolve the portal hostname.
Option A is incorrect because redirect ACLs do not interfere with DHCP assignments. Instead, DHCP must work properly for the workflow to succeed.
Option C is incorrect because redirect ACLs are not timer-based; they are removed or replaced after authentication or authorization updates via Change of Authorization (CoA).
Option D is incorrect because SGT assignment is unrelated to redirect ACL functionality.
Thus, B correctly identifies the purpose of redirect ACLs in ISE workflows.
Question 62:
What occurs when a device repeatedly fails 802.1X authentication and fallback to MAB is enabled on the switch port?
A) The device is permanently blocked
B) The switch eventually sends a MAB authentication request to Cisco ISE
C) The switch disables the port until an admin intervenes
D) Cisco ISE automatically pushes a dACL to grant full access
Answer: B
Explanation:
Many enterprise networks require both security and flexibility when supporting a mix of supplicant and non-supplicant devices. When 802.1X authentication is configured on a switch port, but the endpoint either lacks a supplicant or does not respond to EAP messages, the switch must determine how to authenticate the device. To avoid service failures for devices like printers, IP cameras, and badge readers that cannot perform 802.1X, administrators often configure MAB fallback.
Option B is correct because after the switch tries and fails to initiate or complete 802.1X authentication, it automatically triggers a MAC Authentication Bypass request. The switch sends a RADIUS Access-Request to Cisco ISE using the endpoint’s MAC address as both the username and password. This allows ISE to authenticate the device based on MAC address identity group or profiling results. The fallback behavior ensures that devices incapable of 802.1X can still gain limited or appropriate network access rather than being blocked entirely.
Option A is incorrect because failed 802.1X attempts do not permanently block the device unless a specific security feature such as port-security violation actions is in place.
Option C is incorrect because switch ports do not shut down simply due to authentication failures under standard NAC configurations.
Option D is incorrect because ISE will not grant full access to a device that fails authentication. MAB MAC identities usually result in restricted authorization until profiling or endpoint registration occurs.
Thus, B accurately reflects expected behavior in fallback configurations.
Question 63:
What is the function of Cisco ISE posture remediation actions in an authorization profile?
A) To automate bringing the endpoint into policy compliance
B) To change the user’s identity store
C) To modify DNS entries
D) To assign a static IP address
Answer: A
Explanation:
Posture remediation actions are an essential component of Cisco ISE posture assessment workflows, particularly when endpoints do not initially meet compliance requirements. The posture module, delivered via Cisco AnyConnect, evaluates criteria such as antivirus status, OS patch levels, firewall activation, disk encryption, and other security controls. When an endpoint is deemed non-compliant, Cisco ISE uses remediation actions to guide or enforce the necessary steps to bring the device back into compliance.
Option A is correct because remediation actions appear in authorization profiles and instruct the AnyConnect agent to perform updates, enable security controls, install required software, or direct the user to take corrective action. These actions may include updating antivirus definitions, applying missing patches, enabling native OS firewalls, or installing encryption tools.
Option B is incorrect because remediation does not change identity stores.
Option C is incorrect because posture remediation never modifies DNS settings.
Option D is incorrect since posture workflows do not assign static IPs.
Remediation ensures devices regain compliance before receiving full network access, making A correct.
Question 64:
Which Cisco ISE feature allows administrators to define hierarchical conditions and multiple attributes that must be met before an authorization rule is triggered?
A) Profiling service
B) Policy Sets with condition-based logic
C) TACACS+ command sets
D) SGT Exchange Protocol
Answer: B
Explanation:
Cisco ISE Policy Sets enable administrators to build structured authorization policies that incorporate device type, authentication method, posture status, user group membership, time of day, location, and more. These hierarchical conditions allow extremely granular decision-making, enabling complex access control strategies.
Option B is correct because Policy Sets allow nested conditions, AND/OR logic, attribute comparisons, and identity-based enforcement.
Option A focuses on device identification, not rule logic.
Option C is related to administrative access, not endpoint authorization.
Option D is for SGT propagation, unrelated to conditional rule logic.
Thus, the correct answer is B.
Question 65:
What happens when Cisco ISE applies a downloadable ACL (dACL) to a switch port during authorization?
A) The switch replaces or applies ACL rules received directly from ISE
B) The endpoint chooses its own ACL
C) The switch disables 802.1X authentication
D) The ACL is stored on the endpoint’s firewall
Answer: A
Explanation:
Downloadable ACLs allow ISE to push ACL configurations to NADs dynamically, enabling identity-based segmentation.
Option A is correct because switches store the dACL in memory and enforce it immediately.
Option B is incorrect because endpoints never select ACLs.
Option C is unrelated since ACL application does not change authentication mode.
Option D is incorrect because dACLs are enforced at the network device, not on endpoints.
Thus, A is correct.
Question 66:
How does Cisco ISE handle authorization when a user authenticates successfully but the endpoint fails posture validation and is marked non-compliant?
A) The endpoint receives full corporate access
B) Cisco ISE assigns a restricted authorization profile such as a quarantine VLAN or remediation dACL
C) Cisco ISE deletes the user’s session and prevents reauthentication
D) Cisco ISE switches the endpoint to TACACS+ authentication mode automatically
Answer: B
Explanation:
When a user authenticates successfully through 802.1X, MAB, or web authentication, Cisco ISE evaluates two separate dimensions of access control: identity-based authentication and device posture compliance. While authentication validates the user’s identity, posture determines the device’s security health based on criteria like antivirus presence, OS patch levels, firewall activation, disk encryption, and more. These posture checks are handled by the Cisco AnyConnect posture module (or the Web Agent in limited deployments). However, even if authentication succeeds, non-compliant devices should never receive unrestricted access, because doing so could expose the network to malware, vulnerabilities, or risky behaviors.
Option B is correct because Cisco ISE applies authorization rules that assign a quarantine VLAN, restricted ACL, or remediation-only dACL whenever an endpoint is flagged as non-compliant. This limited-access state ensures the device can only reach necessary remediation resources such as update servers, antivirus repositories, or internal patch servers. Cisco ISE may also push a Change of Authorization (CoA) request to enforce the new restricted state immediately. The endpoint remains in this limited mode until it meets all compliance requirements and the posture agent reports successful remediation.
Option A is incorrect because granting full access to a non-compliant device would negate the purpose of posture assessment and violate NAC security standards.
Option C is incorrect because ISE does not delete the session unless explicitly configured for strict security events. Standard posture workflows allow the device to remain connected but restricted.
Option D is incorrect because TACACS+ is unrelated to endpoint posture. TACACS+ controls admin access to network devices, not user-level endpoint enforcement.
This workflow ensures security while providing a seamless user experience, making B the correct answer.
Question 67:
What is the role of the Cisco ISE Profiler probes such as DHCP, HTTP, SNMP, and RADIUS in endpoint classification?
A) To perform file-level malware scanning
B) To gather endpoint attributes used to determine device type for profiling
C) To enforce VLAN assignment
D) To generate guest passwords
Answer: B
Explanation:
Cisco ISE profiling is essential for automatically identifying devices without manual intervention. Modern networks support thousands of device types—IoT, BYOD, printers, cameras, IP phones, laptops—and static MAC lists or manual classification would be inefficient and error-prone. Profiling solves this through attribute collection using probes. These probes include DHCP, SNMP, HTTP, RADIUS, NetFlow, DNS, and others, each contributing contextual information about the device.
Option B is correct because the primary role of profiler probes is to gather endpoint attributes that help Cisco ISE match devices against profiling policies. For example, the DHCP probe reads DHCP option 55 parameter requests to identify operating system fingerprints. The HTTP User-Agent probe detects browser signatures. SNMP probes may read sysObjectIDs from network-connected devices such as printers or cameras. RADIUS probes gather vendor-specific attributes during authentication. Each collected attribute increases certainty for matching devices to profiling policies.
Option A is incorrect because profiling does not perform malware scanning; that function belongs to endpoint security tools.
Option C is incorrect because VLAN assignment is the responsibility of authorization policy, not profiling.
Option D is incorrect because guest password generation occurs in the guest portal system, not through profiling probes.
Profiling helps automate access control, assign appropriate authorization profiles, and streamline onboarding workflows. Therefore, B is correct
Question 68:
When Cisco ISE performs certificate-based authentication using EAP-TLS, what key element must the certificate contain for ISE to validate the user or device identity?
A) The certificate must contain a DNS MX record
B) The certificate must include a subject name or SAN field that maps to an identity in ISE or the identity store
C) The certificate must contain a TACACS+ attribute
D) The certificate must include an SGT value
Answer: B
Explanation:
Certificate-based authentication in EAP-TLS is one of the most secure NAC methods because it relies on cryptographic validation rather than a password. Cisco ISE must validate not only the trust chain of the certificate but also the identity embedded within it. These identities appear in fields such as Subject CN (Common Name) or SAN (Subject Alternative Name). ISE uses these values to map the certificate to a user or device account.
Option B is correct because SAN or CN values must correlate with identity store entries—such as Active Directory usernames, machine accounts, or device certificates in SCEP/PKI environments. Without proper identity mapping, ISE cannot determine who or what is authenticating, even if the certificate is technically valid.
Option A is incorrect because MX records are for mail servers and irrelevant to EAP-TLS.
Option C is incorrect because TACACS+ attributes do not belong in endpoint certificates.
Option D is incorrect because SGT values are not encoded in certificates.
Thus, the essential element for authentication mapping is the identity field, making B correct.
Question 69:
What occurs when a network device requests TACACS+ authentication from Cisco ISE but the device is not added to the Network Devices list in ISE?
A) The device is authenticated using default 802.1X policies
B) Cisco ISE rejects the TACACS+ request due to unknown NAD
C) Cisco ISE assigns full admin privileges automatically
D) The device bypasses TACACS+ and switches to RADIUS
Answer: B
Explanation:
Cisco ISE requires all TACACS+ devices to be explicitly configured in the Network Devices list with their IP address and shared secret. Without this configuration, ISE does not trust the incoming request. The shared secret ensures secure communication and prevents unauthorized devices from requesting administrative authentication.
Option B is correct because ISE rejects TACACS+ requests from unknown NADs. The request fails before reaching the authentication phase, and logs show messages indicating an untrusted network device.
Option A is incorrect because TACACS+ requests never fall back to 802.1X.
Option C is incorrect because ISE does not grant privileges automatically.
Option D is incorrect because NADs must be explicitly configured for RADIUS; they do not switch automatically.
Thus, B is correct.
Question 70:
Which mechanism allows Cisco ISE to enforce differentiated access for users connecting from corporate-managed devices versus personal BYOD devices?
A) SGT assignment only
B) Combining identity authentication with profiling or posture results
C) Using only MAC address lists
D) Using DHCP snooping exclusively
Answer: B
Explanation:
In modern networks, users may connect using corporate laptops, mobile phones, personal devices, or IoT equipment. Cisco ISE must differentiate access based on both identity (who the user is) and device type or health (what the device is). Identity alone is insufficient, because a valid employee may still access the network using an insecure personal device.
Option B is correct because Cisco ISE combines identity authentication with profiling, posture, and certificate-based device validation to enforce differentiated access. For example, a corporate laptop with an installed certificate may receive full internal access, while a personal smartphone authenticated via username/password receives limited internet-only access.
Option A is insufficient alone because SGTs must be derived from identity or device attributes, not used in isolation.
Option C is outdated and insecure; MAC lists are easily spoofed.
Option D is incorrect because DHCP snooping only provides IP-MAC bindings, not complete device classification.
Thus, B is correct.
Question 71:
What is the purpose of using a Change of Authorization (CoA) “Reauthenticate” request in Cisco ISE?
A) To restart the switch
B) To force the endpoint to begin a new authentication cycle so new policies can apply
C) To change the RADIUS shared secret
D) To disable the endpoint NIC
Answer: B
Explanation:
CoA Reauthenticate enables Cisco ISE to prompt the network device to restart the authentication process. This is essential when new authorization conditions must take effect—for example, after posture compliance, guest login, or profile changes.
Option B is correct because reauthentication triggers the endpoint to negotiate a fresh RADIUS session and receive updated policies such as ACLs, SGTs, or VLAN assignments.
Option A is incorrect since CoA does not reboot switches.
Option C is unrelated.
Option D is incorrect because the NIC is not disabled.
Thus, B is correct.
Question 72:
Which action does Cisco ISE take when a guest user’s access time expires based on the guest account policy?
A) Blocks all traffic by moving the user to a denial profile
B) Forces a reauthentication that results in denial due to expired credentials
C) Deletes the account from Active Directory
D) Reassigns full access automatically
Answer: B
Explanation:
In Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE), guest access is controlled through guest account policies, which define how long a guest user can access the network and what happens when that access period ends. When a guest account reaches its expiration time, Cisco ISE enforces specific actions to maintain network security and ensure that users do not continue accessing resources beyond their allowed time. The mechanism used is designed to be both automated and consistent, removing the need for manual intervention.
Option A states that ISE blocks all traffic by moving the user to a denial profile. This is the correct behavior. In Cisco ISE, a denial profile is a set of rules that essentially restricts network access for the user. When a guest account expires, ISE identifies that the user’s session is no longer valid under the current policy and automatically assigns the denial profile. This action prevents the user from sending or receiving traffic on the network, effectively terminating their access. This approach allows administrators to maintain security without having to delete the account or manually disable it.
Option B suggests that ISE forces a reauthentication that results in denial due to expired credentials. While reauthentication is a feature of ISE for other scenarios, such as verifying policy compliance or session continuation, it is not the standard method used for guest account expiration. Guest accounts are temporary, and ISE directly applies the denial profile rather than requiring the guest to reauthenticate and fail.
Option C proposes that ISE deletes the account from Active Directory. This is incorrect because guest accounts in ISE do not necessarily reside in Active Directory, and even if they did, deletion is not the standard action upon expiration. Deleting accounts would be a permanent action, whereas applying a denial profile ensures immediate restriction without removing account data, which may still be needed for auditing or reporting purposes.
Option D mentions that ISE reassigns full access automatically, which is clearly incorrect. The purpose of the expiration policy is to terminate access, not to extend it. Reassigning full access would contradict the security objectives of guest account policies.
In summary, when a guest user’s access time expires, Cisco ISE enforces security by blocking network access through a denial profile. This ensures that the temporary nature of guest access is respected, and network resources remain protected. Among the options, A is the correct choice.
Question 73:
How does Cisco ISE treat a session when an endpoint transitions from unknown to a fully profiled device category?
A) No action occurs until the endpoint disconnects
B) Cisco ISE may issue a CoA to apply new authorization based on updated profiling state
C) Cisco ISE deletes the endpoint
D) The switch shuts down the port
Answer: B
Explanation:
In Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE), endpoint profiling is a key feature that helps administrators identify devices on the network and apply policies based on their type, operating system, and other attributes. When an endpoint initially connects to the network, it may be categorized as unknown if ISE does not yet have sufficient information to identify it. During this unknown state, the endpoint is often assigned limited access or placed in a quarantine or guest-like role until more information is collected. Once ISE has gathered enough data through active or passive profiling methods, the endpoint is reclassified into a fully profiled device category. This transition is significant because the policies and permissions applied to the device may change depending on its profile.
Option A suggests that no action occurs until the endpoint disconnects. This is not accurate because Cisco ISE is designed to respond dynamically to profiling changes. It does not wait for a session to end before enforcing updated policies. Doing nothing would leave the device in a potentially incorrect access state, which could pose security risks or prevent the device from receiving the appropriate level of network access.
Option B states that Cisco ISE may issue a CoA to apply new authorization based on updated profiling state. This is correct. CoA, or Change of Authorization, is a mechanism used by ISE to notify network devices, such as switches or wireless controllers, that the authorization policy for a particular endpoint has changed. When the endpoint transitions from unknown to fully profiled, ISE evaluates the new profile against the defined authorization policies. If a change in access level is needed, ISE sends a CoA message to enforce the new permissions immediately. This ensures that the endpoint receives the appropriate network privileges without requiring the user to disconnect and reconnect, maintaining seamless connectivity and security compliance.
Option C suggests that ISE deletes the endpoint, which is incorrect. Deleting the endpoint would be unnecessary and counterproductive because the goal is to apply correct policies rather than remove the device from the system.
Option D claims that the switch shuts down the port, which is also incorrect. Port shutdown is an extreme action reserved for explicit security violations or administrator-defined enforcement rules, not routine profiling updates.
In summary, when an endpoint transitions from unknown to a fully profiled device category, Cisco ISE actively enforces updated policies by issuing a CoA to apply new authorization based on the updated profiling state. This ensures that network access is both secure and appropriate for the device type, and option B accurately describes this process.
Question 74:
Which requirement must a switch meet to support Cisco ISE downloadable ACLs?
A) It must support inline SGT tagging
B) It must support RADIUS dynamic authorization features
C) It must run TACACS+
D) It must support DHCP snooping
Answer: B
Explanation:
Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) uses downloadable access control lists, commonly referred to as downloadable ACLs or dACLs, to enforce policy-based access on network devices. These ACLs are created and managed in ISE and then dynamically downloaded to network switches or wireless controllers to control traffic for specific endpoints. This feature allows administrators to implement granular security policies, ensuring that devices are restricted to only the network resources that they are authorized to access. For a switch to support dACLs, it must have the capability to receive and apply dynamic authorization changes sent from ISE.
Option A suggests that the switch must support inline SGT tagging. While Security Group Tagging (SGT) is a Cisco feature that provides a method for classifying traffic based on security group membership, it is not a requirement for supporting downloadable ACLs. dACLs operate independently of SGT and focus primarily on controlling traffic based on dynamic authorization rather than tagging packets with a security group.
Option B states that the switch must support RADIUS dynamic authorization features. This is correct. RADIUS dynamic authorization is a key requirement for downloadable ACLs because ISE communicates with the switch using the RADIUS protocol to push these ACLs. When a user or device is authenticated, ISE evaluates the policy and, if necessary, sends a RADIUS Change of Authorization (CoA) message to the switch, instructing it to download and apply the ACL for the endpoint. Without support for RADIUS dynamic authorization, the switch cannot receive or enforce these real-time policy changes, making this capability essential for proper dACL functionality.
Option C suggests that the switch must run TACACS+. This is incorrect because TACACS+ is primarily used for device administration authentication and authorization rather than for endpoint access control. While TACACS+ is important for managing administrative access to network devices, it is not involved in dynamically applying ACLs to endpoints.
Option D states that the switch must support DHCP snooping. Although DHCP snooping is a valuable security feature that prevents unauthorized devices from acting as DHCP servers, it is unrelated to the requirements for downloadable ACLs. DHCP snooping does not enable the switch to receive or apply dynamic ACLs from ISE.
In summary, for a switch to support Cisco ISE downloadable ACLs, it must be capable of handling RADIUS dynamic authorization features. This capability allows ISE to push real-time ACLs to the switch based on endpoint identity and policy, ensuring that network access is both secure and dynamically controlled. Among the options, B is the correct choice.
Question 75: What is the purpose of using endpoint identity groups in Cisco ISE authorization policies?
A) To restart endpoints after login
B) To categorize devices for applying appropriate authorization conditions
C) To store TACACS passwords
D) To create DHCP pools
Answer: B
Explanation:
In Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE), endpoint identity groups play a central role in managing network access for a wide variety of devices. These groups are collections of endpoints that share common characteristics, such as operating system type, device type, ownership (corporate or guest), or security posture. By organizing devices into identity groups, administrators can simplify policy management and enforce consistent security rules across similar endpoints. This becomes particularly important in modern networks, which may include a mix of laptops, mobile phones, IoT devices, and other endpoints, each requiring different access levels and security controls.
Option A suggests that endpoint identity groups are used to restart endpoints after login. This is incorrect because ISE does not have the capability to power cycle or restart devices. Its function is focused on authentication, authorization, and accounting for network access, rather than controlling the physical state of endpoints. Restarting a device is outside the scope of what identity groups or ISE authorization policies are designed to do.
Option B states that endpoint identity groups are used to categorize devices for applying appropriate authorization conditions. This is correct. By assigning endpoints to identity groups, ISE can apply policies that are tailored to the type of device and its associated risk profile. For example, corporate laptops may be allowed full network access, while guest devices or IoT devices may be restricted to specific VLANs or internet-only access. Using identity groups helps streamline policy creation, reduces complexity, and ensures that endpoints receive the correct level of access without having to define individual rules for every device. This approach also supports scalable network security, as policies can be applied dynamically to groups rather than managing each endpoint separately.
Option C suggests that endpoint identity groups are used to store TACACS passwords. This is inaccurate because TACACS+ is used for administrative authentication and authorization on network devices, not for grouping endpoints for policy enforcement. Endpoint identity groups have no role in managing passwords for network administrators or devices.
Option D states that identity groups are used to create DHCP pools. This is also incorrect. DHCP pools are managed by network devices like routers or switches to assign IP addresses, and they are unrelated to how ISE categorizes endpoints for policy enforcement.
In summary, endpoint identity groups in Cisco ISE are used to categorize devices so that authorization policies can be applied appropriately. By grouping similar devices together, administrators can ensure that security policies are consistent, scalable, and aligned with organizational requirements. This makes option B the correct choice.
Question 76:
What happens when a misconfigured supplicant sends incomplete EAP messages during 802.1X authentication?
A) Cisco ISE forces MDM enrollment
B) Authentication fails and fallback mechanisms may activate depending on switch configuration
C) The switch grants full access
D) The endpoint is assigned an SGT of zero
Answer: B
Explanation:
In a network secured with 802.1X authentication, endpoints use a supplicant, which is a software component that communicates with the network switch or wireless access point to provide credentials. The authentication process relies on the Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) to exchange messages between the supplicant and the authentication server, such as Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE). For successful authentication, the supplicant must send complete and properly formatted EAP messages. If a supplicant is misconfigured, it may fail to send all required EAP information or may send messages that do not conform to the expected protocol format.
Option A suggests that Cisco ISE forces MDM enrollment. This is incorrect because Mobile Device Management (MDM) enrollment is a separate process that applies only to endpoints managed through an MDM system. Cisco ISE does not automatically trigger MDM enrollment as a response to failed or incomplete EAP messages during 802.1X authentication. MDM enrollment is usually part of a device compliance policy and requires specific conditions and configuration outside of the EAP authentication process.
Option B states that authentication fails and fallback mechanisms may activate depending on switch configuration. This is correct. When a supplicant sends incomplete EAP messages, the authentication process cannot be completed successfully. As a result, ISE marks the authentication attempt as failed. The switch or wireless access point can be configured with fallback mechanisms such as assigning the endpoint to a guest VLAN, using a web portal for authentication, or providing limited access based on a predefined policy. These fallback mechanisms are designed to ensure that misconfigured or incompatible devices do not gain unauthorized full network access while still allowing some level of controlled connectivity, if desired.
Option C suggests that the switch grants full access. This is incorrect because granting full access would violate network security principles. 802.1X authentication exists specifically to prevent unauthorized devices from accessing network resources, and incomplete EAP messages indicate that the endpoint cannot be properly authenticated. Full access is never granted in this situation.
Option D states that the endpoint is assigned an SGT of zero. While an SGT, or Security Group Tag, can be used in Cisco trustsec deployments to classify endpoints, incomplete EAP authentication does not automatically assign an SGT of zero. SGT assignments are based on successful authorization and policy evaluation, so this option is not accurate in the context of failed or incomplete authentication.
In summary, when a misconfigured supplicant sends incomplete EAP messages during 802.1X authentication, the authentication fails, and depending on switch configuration, fallback mechanisms such as restricted VLAN access or guest portals may be activated. This makes option B the correct choice, ensuring that security is maintained while providing controlled access options where appropriate.
Question 77:
What occurs when Cisco ISE uses pxGrid to share threat intelligence with a firewall?
A) The firewall quarantines the endpoint based on ISE session data
B) DHCP is disabled
C) TACACS is triggered
D) Profiling stops
Answer: A
Explanation:
Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) is a comprehensive network security policy management platform that not only provides authentication and authorization but also integrates with other security systems to enhance threat detection and response. One of the mechanisms used for integration is pxGrid, which stands for Platform Exchange Grid. pxGrid is a protocol designed to enable secure sharing of contextual information across network and security devices, such as firewalls, intrusion prevention systems, and endpoint security tools. The goal is to create a unified security ecosystem where devices can react dynamically based on real-time intelligence. When ISE shares threat intelligence with a firewall through pxGrid, it provides detailed information about endpoints, their sessions, and their security posture. This allows the firewall to make informed decisions on how to handle traffic from specific devices.
Option A suggests that the firewall quarantines the endpoint based on ISE session data. This is correct. When ISE identifies a risky or non-compliant endpoint, it can communicate this information to the firewall using pxGrid. The firewall, receiving this context, can then enforce policies such as moving the device to a restricted VLAN, blocking certain types of traffic, or completely quarantining it from the network. The quarantine action is dynamic and can be applied in real time, leveraging the session data that ISE maintains, including information about authentication status, device type, security group tags, and compliance posture. This integration enhances network security by ensuring that endpoints exhibiting suspicious behavior are isolated quickly, reducing the risk of lateral movement by threats within the network.
Option B states that DHCP is disabled. This is incorrect because pxGrid integration does not interact with DHCP functionality. Disabling DHCP is unrelated to sharing threat intelligence or enforcing dynamic access control based on endpoint behavior. DHCP services continue to operate independently of the firewall’s threat response actions.
Option C suggests that TACACS is triggered. This is also incorrect. TACACS+ is a protocol used for administrative authentication and authorization to network devices. pxGrid sharing of threat intelligence does not involve administrative access or TACACS operations; its purpose is endpoint visibility and policy enforcement, not device administration.
Option D states that profiling stops. This is inaccurate because endpoint profiling continues independently within ISE. Profiling is the process of identifying device types, operating systems, and other characteristics, and sharing threat intelligence with a firewall does not halt this process. In fact, accurate profiling enhances the effectiveness of pxGrid sharing by providing richer context to the firewall.
In summary, when Cisco ISE uses pxGrid to share threat intelligence with a firewall, the firewall can take real-time actions such as quarantining endpoints based on the session data provided by ISE. This coordinated approach improves network security by allowing rapid response to non-compliant or risky devices, making option A the correct choice.
Question 78:
Which element must be configured for Cisco ISE to authenticate Active Directory domain computers using machine authentication?
A) A SAML provider
B) ISE joined to the AD domain
C) A DHCP server
D) A guest sponsor group
Answer: B
Explanation:
Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) provides centralized authentication and authorization for users and devices connecting to a network. One important function of ISE is the ability to authenticate Active Directory domain computers using machine authentication. Machine authentication is a process where the computer itself, rather than an individual user, presents its credentials to the network during 802.1X authentication. This allows the network to verify that the device is a trusted member of the domain before granting network access. To achieve this, Cisco ISE relies on integration with Active Directory (AD) because AD stores the computer accounts and manages their associated credentials.
Option A suggests configuring a SAML provider. This is incorrect. SAML, or Security Assertion Markup Language, is used for web-based single sign-on and identity federation. It allows users to authenticate once and gain access to multiple web applications. While SAML can be integrated with ISE for certain identity federation tasks, it is not used for authenticating Active Directory domain computers at the network level. Machine authentication relies on Kerberos or certificate-based mechanisms tied to AD, not SAML.
Option B states that ISE must be joined to the AD domain. This is correct. For ISE to authenticate domain computers, it must have a direct relationship with the Active Directory domain. Joining ISE to the AD domain allows it to query domain controllers, validate computer credentials, and access the computer account information required for authentication. Once joined, ISE can use protocols such as LDAP or Kerberos to verify machine credentials during 802.1X or certificate-based authentication processes. Without being part of the domain, ISE cannot properly validate whether a device attempting to connect is an authorized domain member. This step is critical for enforcing security policies that differentiate between domain-joined and non-domain-joined devices.
Option C suggests configuring a DHCP server. While DHCP is essential for providing IP addresses to devices on the network, it is not required specifically for machine authentication through ISE. DHCP operation is independent of the authentication process, and network access policies in ISE can be enforced even if DHCP is managed separately.
Option D proposes creating a guest sponsor group. This is irrelevant for machine authentication. Guest sponsor groups are used to approve and manage temporary guest accounts, and have no role in validating Active Directory computer accounts or enforcing machine-based access policies.
In summary, to authenticate Active Directory domain computers using machine authentication, Cisco ISE must be joined to the AD domain. This integration enables ISE to validate computer credentials and enforce policies based on device trust, making option B the correct choice. This setup ensures secure access for domain-joined devices while preventing unauthorized endpoints from connecting.
Question 79:
What occurs when an endpoint completes BYOD provisioning and receives a client certificate?
A) The endpoint is now capable of EAP-TLS authentication with corporate-level access
B) The endpoint switches to TACACS+
C) The switch disables MAB
D) The client becomes unmanageable
Answer: A
Explanation:
In Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE), Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) provisioning is a process designed to securely onboard personal devices onto a corporate network. This process ensures that devices such as laptops, smartphones, or tablets can access network resources without compromising security. One of the key outcomes of BYOD provisioning is the issuance of a client certificate to the endpoint. A client certificate serves as a digital credential that uniquely identifies the device and allows it to authenticate securely with network services. The use of client certificates is particularly important for implementing strong authentication methods like EAP-TLS, which relies on certificates instead of passwords for verifying identity.
Option A states that the endpoint is now capable of EAP-TLS authentication with corporate-level access. This is correct. Once the BYOD provisioning process is complete and the client certificate is installed on the endpoint, the device can use EAP-TLS to authenticate to the corporate network. EAP-TLS is one of the most secure authentication methods because it requires both the server and the client to present valid certificates. The client certificate obtained during provisioning ensures that the network can verify the device’s identity and allow it to connect with full or corporate-level access privileges. This mechanism helps prevent unauthorized devices from accessing sensitive resources and supports seamless, secure network connectivity for personal devices.
Option B suggests that the endpoint switches to TACACS+. This is incorrect because TACACS+ is a protocol used for administrative access and authorization to network devices, not for endpoint authentication during BYOD provisioning. The certificate obtained in BYOD provisioning is meant for network authentication, not administrative tasks.
Option C proposes that the switch disables MAB (MAC Authentication Bypass). While MAB is a fallback authentication method used when 802.1X is not available, completing BYOD provisioning and obtaining a client certificate does not inherently disable MAB. The endpoint now has the capability to use EAP-TLS, but MAB may still be available as a secondary method if configured.
Option D claims that the client becomes unmanageable. This is incorrect. On the contrary, BYOD provisioning often allows administrators to enforce policies such as device posture checks or compliance monitoring. Receiving a client certificate does not make the endpoint unmanageable; it enables secure authentication and controlled access.
Question 80:
Which Cisco ISE capability allows applying differentiated access for contractors, employees, and guests based on identity and device posture?
A) DHCP snooping
B) Granular authorization policies
C) SNMP traps
D) TACACS+ auditing
Answer: B
Explanation:
Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) is a comprehensive network security platform that provides centralized authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) for users and devices. One of the key strengths of ISE is its ability to enforce differentiated access policies based on a variety of factors, including user identity, device type, and security posture. Differentiated access allows organizations to provide employees, contractors, and guests with access that aligns with their role and trust level while maintaining network security. This ensures that sensitive resources are protected while enabling legitimate users to perform their tasks without unnecessary restrictions.
Option A suggests DHCP snooping as the capability for applying differentiated access. This is incorrect because DHCP snooping is a network security feature used to prevent rogue devices from acting as DHCP servers. While DHCP snooping helps maintain network integrity, it does not provide a mechanism to differentiate network access based on user identity or device posture. It primarily protects against IP address spoofing and is unrelated to policy-based access control.
Option B states granular authorization policies, which is correct. Granular authorization policies in Cisco ISE allow administrators to create highly detailed rules that control network access based on user identity, group membership, device type, and compliance status. For example, employees may receive full network access, contractors may be restricted to certain VLANs or resources, and guests may be limited to internet access only. These policies can also consider the security posture of the device, such as whether antivirus software is installed, if the operating system is up to date, or if the device is compliant with corporate policies. By leveraging these granular policies, ISE can dynamically adjust access privileges in real time as conditions change, ensuring security and flexibility.
Option C suggests SNMP traps as the mechanism. This is incorrect because SNMP traps are used for network monitoring and alerting, not for enforcing differentiated access. SNMP allows network devices to send notifications to management systems about events, but it does not provide authorization or authentication capabilities.
Option D proposes TACACS+ auditing. TACACS+ is a protocol used primarily for administrative authentication and authorization to network devices and for logging administrative actions. While TACACS+ auditing helps track who made changes on network devices, it does not control endpoint access or apply differentiated access policies for users, contractors, or guests.
