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Question 161
A user reports that their Windows 11 computer frequently loses Wi-Fi connectivity, even though the signal is strong and other devices on the same network remain connected. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Outdated network drivers or wireless adapter malfunction
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Intermittent Wi-Fi connectivity issues, particularly when other devices on the same network remain stable, typically point to a problem with the network adapter, its drivers, or internal configuration rather than the network itself. Outdated or incompatible network drivers can cause dropped connections, especially after operating system updates or changes in network infrastructure. Updating drivers from the device manufacturer or using Windows Update is often the first step in resolving these issues.
Hardware problems within the wireless adapter can also lead to connectivity fluctuations. Issues like overheating, loose connections, or antenna failure can degrade signal reception despite strong router signals. For laptops, power management settings may reduce adapter performance to conserve energy, which can be adjusted in the Device Manager by disabling power-saving features for the network adapter.
Other considerations include Wi-Fi interference from neighboring networks, router settings, or conflicting IP addresses. Changing the router’s channel, frequency band (2.4 GHz vs 5 GHz), or updating its firmware can help mitigate environmental interference. Running the Windows Network Troubleshooter can also detect and resolve common misconfigurations automatically.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing screen resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not affect network connectivity. Regular driver maintenance, checking adapter health, and monitoring for firmware updates on both the adapter and router prevent repeated connection issues. Understanding how Windows manages network interfaces, power management, and driver dependencies is essential for reliably diagnosing and resolving Wi-Fi connectivity problems, especially in environments with multiple overlapping signals. Properly addressing these issues ensures stable connectivity for uninterrupted productivity and prevents unnecessary device replacement costs.
Question 162
A user reports that their Windows 10 computer is experiencing repeated crashes, blue screens, and random reboots. Event Viewer shows critical system errors related to memory. Which of the following should a technician check first?
A) Run a memory diagnostic and check RAM modules for failure
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Blue Screen of Death (BSOD) errors, repeated system crashes, and Event Viewer logs indicating memory issues strongly suggest faulty RAM or memory subsystem problems. Memory errors can cause data corruption, instability, and unpredictable system behavior. Running Windows Memory Diagnostic or third-party memory testing tools like MemTest86 allows technicians to identify failing RAM modules.
Physical inspection is also important, as improperly seated RAM sticks, dust accumulation, or damaged slots can result in intermittent failures. Reseating modules, cleaning the contacts, and testing one module at a time can isolate defective hardware. In multi-channel memory configurations, mismatched modules or differing speeds can trigger instability, so ensuring compatible RAM configurations is critical.
Operating system corruption, driver issues, or overclocking can exacerbate memory-related problems, so technicians should verify that system settings in the BIOS/UEFI match manufacturer recommendations and disable any extreme overclocking profiles. For persistent failures, replacing the faulty RAM is typically the most reliable solution.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing screen resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not cause memory-related BSODs and are unlikely to resolve the issue. Maintaining updated drivers, performing periodic memory diagnostics, and avoiding physical or electrical damage to memory components are preventive strategies to maintain long-term system stability. Understanding Windows memory management, diagnostic tools, and hardware troubleshooting techniques is essential for accurately identifying RAM failures and preventing prolonged downtime or data loss. Proper memory maintenance ensures reliable system performance and reduces the risk of cascading errors caused by hardware instability.
Question 163
A user reports that after upgrading to Windows 11, their applications that require administrative privileges no longer run correctly. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) User Account Control (UAC) settings or permissions misconfiguration
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Applications requiring administrative privileges may fail to function properly if User Account Control (UAC) settings, permission levels, or file ownership were altered during an operating system upgrade. UAC is a security feature in Windows that restricts the ability of programs to execute tasks requiring elevated privileges without explicit approval. If UAC prompts are ignored, disabled, or incorrectly configured, administrative applications may fail to start.
Technicians should verify the user account type to ensure it has administrator rights, as standard user accounts may lack sufficient privileges. Running applications with the “Run as administrator” option can confirm if privilege elevation resolves the issue. Additionally, checking folder and file permissions in Properties > Security ensures that applications have the necessary access to system directories and configuration files.
Compatibility settings may also affect administrative applications. Upgrading to Windows 11 can change file paths, registry entries, or system policies that applications rely on. Running the program in Compatibility Mode or updating the application to a version certified for Windows 11 may resolve functionality issues. Group Policy settings, especially in corporate environments, may enforce restrictions on UAC or application execution, and adjusting these policies may be necessary.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not impact administrative privileges. Preventive measures include verifying user account types before upgrades, confirming application compatibility, maintaining updated software, and carefully managing UAC settings. Properly handling permission issues ensures administrative applications run reliably, protects system security, and prevents operational disruptions. Understanding Windows privilege management, UAC functionality, and system upgrades is critical for resolving administrative application failures in a controlled and safe manner.
Question 164
A user complains that their Windows system is extremely slow during startup, taking several minutes to reach the login screen. Task Manager shows multiple startup programs enabled. Which of the following is the most effective initial solution?
A) Disable unnecessary startup applications using Task Manager
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Slow Windows startup is often caused by excessive or poorly optimized startup applications, which load simultaneously during boot and consume significant CPU, memory, and disk resources. Using Task Manager > Startup tab, technicians can review and selectively disable nonessential programs to streamline the boot process without uninstalling software. Critical system programs, antivirus software, and drivers should remain enabled to ensure system stability and security.
Additional factors affecting startup performance include fragmented drives, outdated drivers, system updates, and malware. Running a disk cleanup or defragmentation on HDDs, checking for driver updates, and scanning for malware can further improve boot times. In Windows 11, Fast Startup combines hibernation with shutdown, and enabling or disabling this feature can affect startup speed depending on system configuration.
Using MSConfig for advanced startup control or Task Scheduler to delay nonessential tasks also enhances performance. Over time, installing many programs that add themselves to startup can cumulatively degrade boot performance, making routine review of startup entries a best practice.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not affect startup program load times. Preventive strategies include managing startup applications during installation, using lightweight software alternatives, regularly updating drivers, and monitoring system health. Efficient startup management ensures faster boot times, reduces user frustration, and extends hardware longevity by lowering unnecessary load on system resources. Understanding Windows startup behavior, program dependencies, and resource utilization is crucial for implementing effective solutions that improve overall system responsiveness.
Question 165
A user reports that after installing multiple Windows updates, their system is experiencing random crashes and certain applications fail to open. Which of the following is the recommended troubleshooting step?
A) Use System Restore to revert to a previous stable state
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Windows updates, while essential for security and stability, occasionally introduce incompatibilities with drivers, applications, or system files, causing crashes, application errors, or system instability. When such issues arise shortly after updates, the most effective remediation step is using System Restore, which reverts the system configuration, registry, and critical files to a previously stable point without affecting personal data.
System Restore can resolve problems caused by driver conflicts, partial updates, or misconfigured registry entries. Technicians should first identify the approximate time of update installation to select an appropriate restore point. Following a successful restoration, updates can be selectively reinstalled or deferred to prevent recurrence.
Other steps include reviewing Event Viewer logs, uninstalling problematic updates through Settings > Update & Security > View update history, and checking for driver compatibility with the latest Windows version. In cases where System Restore is unavailable or ineffective, booting into Safe Mode allows troubleshooting, driver updates, and application repair without fully loading potentially conflicting processes.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not address systemic issues caused by updates. Preventive measures include creating restore points prior to major updates, maintaining reliable backups, monitoring for known update conflicts, and testing updates in non-critical environments before mass deployment. Proper use of System Restore ensures operational continuity, mitigates update-related downtime, and allows administrators to maintain system stability while balancing the need for security patches. Understanding Windows update mechanisms, restore functionality, and troubleshooting sequences is critical for efficient problem resolution.
Question 166
A user reports that their Windows 10 laptop is overheating and the system shuts down unexpectedly when performing heavy tasks such as video editing. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Dust accumulation in cooling system or failing fans
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
When a laptop overheats during high-intensity tasks like video editing, the most probable cause is inadequate cooling due to dust accumulation, failing fans, or thermal paste degradation. Laptops generate heat from both the CPU and GPU under load. If the cooling system cannot effectively dissipate heat, thermal sensors trigger automatic shutdowns to protect the hardware from permanent damage.
Technicians should first inspect cooling vents, fans, and heat sinks. Dust can block airflow, reducing thermal efficiency. Cleaning the fans and vents with compressed air or disassembling the laptop for a thorough cleaning can resolve overheating issues. Over time, thermal paste between the CPU/GPU and heat sinks can dry out, diminishing heat transfer. Reapplying high-quality thermal paste can improve thermal conductivity and reduce temperatures significantly.
Monitoring tools like HWMonitor or Core Temp provide insights into CPU and GPU temperatures, fan speeds, and power consumption. BIOS updates may also improve thermal management algorithms or fan profiles. Additionally, system configuration such as power plans in Windows or running multiple heavy applications simultaneously can exacerbate heating. Adjusting performance settings to balance workload and cooling efficiency is a preventive measure.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing screen resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not affect thermal management. Preventive strategies include regular cleaning of hardware, ensuring proper ventilation, monitoring thermal performance, avoiding prolonged high-load tasks without breaks, and updating firmware. Understanding laptop thermal dynamics, hardware maintenance, and Windows performance management is essential for preventing overheating, ensuring system longevity, and maintaining optimal performance under heavy workloads.
Question 167
A user reports that their Windows system cannot connect to a VPN, even though the internet connection is functional and other devices can connect. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) VPN client misconfiguration, outdated software, or firewall blocking
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
VPN connection failures, when the system has a functioning internet connection and other devices connect successfully, often indicate client misconfiguration, outdated VPN software, or firewall interference. VPN software establishes secure encrypted tunnels and depends on proper credentials, correct server addresses, and compatible encryption protocols. Misconfigured settings can prevent successful authentication or tunnel establishment.
Firewall or antivirus applications can block VPN traffic by restricting specific ports or protocols (e.g., IKEv2, L2TP, or OpenVPN TCP/UDP ports). Ensuring that the firewall allows VPN traffic, or temporarily disabling security software to test connectivity, helps identify the cause. Additionally, verifying that network adapters are correctly configured and no conflicting routes exist is crucial.
Technicians should update the VPN client to the latest version, verify credentials, and confirm that server certificates are valid. Testing connectivity with alternative networks can also help isolate whether the issue is local to the client system or network-specific. Logs from the VPN client often provide diagnostic messages pinpointing failures such as handshake errors, certificate mismatches, or protocol incompatibilities.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not influence VPN connectivity. Preventive strategies include maintaining up-to-date VPN clients, documenting configuration settings, monitoring firewall rules, and validating VPN server certificates. Understanding Windows networking, VPN protocols, and firewall rules is essential for troubleshooting secure connections and maintaining uninterrupted remote access. Proper configuration ensures users can securely connect to corporate networks, access sensitive data, and maintain productivity without compromising system security.
Question 168
A user reports that their Windows system freezes for several seconds every few minutes. Task Manager shows low CPU and memory usage, but high disk activity. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Background processes such as indexing, antivirus scans, or paging
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Intermittent system freezes, especially when CPU and memory usage are low but disk activity is high, typically indicate intensive background processes. Common causes include Windows Search indexing, antivirus scans, Windows Update, and paging activity. In mechanical drives, heavy disk activity due to these processes can block other I/O operations, causing temporary freezes. SSDs are less affected but can still experience performance degradation under excessive background load.
Technicians can use Resource Monitor to identify which processes are generating disk activity. Disabling unnecessary indexing, scheduling antivirus scans during idle periods, or moving large page files to faster storage can alleviate the problem. In cases where disk health is compromised, running CHKDSK or manufacturer-provided utilities can detect and repair bad sectors, improving responsiveness.
Virtual memory usage can exacerbate disk bottlenecks. Systems with insufficient RAM will heavily rely on the page file, creating sustained disk I/O. Adding more RAM or optimizing virtual memory settings helps reduce reliance on disk paging. Disk cleanup tools can remove temporary files and reduce fragmentation, further improving disk performance.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not affect disk-intensive background tasks. Preventive measures include regular system maintenance, monitoring disk activity, scheduling heavy background tasks during idle times, and upgrading hardware as needed. Understanding Windows disk management, background process behavior, and virtual memory usage is crucial for diagnosing intermittent freezes and ensuring a responsive user experience. Properly managing disk activity prevents performance bottlenecks, enhances productivity, and prolongs hardware lifespan.
Question 169
A user reports that their Windows system cannot print to a network printer, even though the printer works for other users. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Incorrect printer driver installation, network permissions, or IP address misconfiguration
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
When a single Windows system cannot print to a network printer that functions for other users, the problem usually involves driver issues, permissions, or network configuration errors. Incorrect or outdated printer drivers can prevent successful communication with the printer. Updating or reinstalling drivers ensures compatibility with the operating system and resolves driver-related errors.
Network permissions may also block printing. Many corporate environments use access control lists (ACLs) or group policies to manage printer access. Verifying that the user account has appropriate permissions and checking shared printer settings resolves access restrictions. Additionally, misconfigured IP addresses or subnet mismatches can prevent network communication with the printer. Testing connectivity with ping or using the printer’s IP address can confirm network accessibility.
Technicians should also verify that the Windows Print Spooler service is running and that no pending print jobs are causing errors. Resetting the spooler or clearing stuck print queues can restore functionality. For environments with multiple printers or print servers, ensuring the correct printer is selected and removing redundant entries helps avoid conflicts.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not affect printing functionality. Preventive measures include regularly updating printer drivers, documenting network printer configurations, monitoring permissions, and maintaining reliable print queues. Understanding Windows print management, network communication, and user permissions is essential for troubleshooting printing issues efficiently, reducing downtime, and ensuring smooth document processing for users.
Question 170
A user reports that after installing a new software application, their Windows system displays frequent pop-ups about certificate errors when accessing secure websites. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Conflicting software or corrupted certificate store
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Certificate errors after installing new software often indicate a corrupted or conflicting certificate store, possibly caused by the application modifying system certificates or installing its own root certificates. Windows relies on trusted root certificates to validate secure website connections. If the certificate store is damaged or includes untrusted entries, browsers and system applications may block secure connections, triggering frequent warnings.
Technicians should check the Windows Certificate Manager (certmgr.msc) to inspect installed certificates and remove invalid or duplicate entries. Reinstalling or repairing the application may also correct certificate conflicts. System tools like sfc /scannow or DISM can repair corrupted system files that affect certificate management. In corporate environments, Group Policy settings may enforce strict certificate validation, and incorrectly applied policies can also trigger errors.
Additionally, malware can modify the certificate store, creating security vulnerabilities and causing browser warnings. Running a comprehensive antivirus and anti-malware scan ensures system integrity. Users should be advised not to bypass certificate warnings, as doing so could compromise security.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not affect certificate validation or system trust stores. Preventive strategies include careful monitoring of software installations, maintaining a clean certificate store, running regular malware scans, and ensuring Windows updates are applied to keep root certificates current. Understanding Windows certificate architecture, system file integrity, and security policies is crucial for troubleshooting certificate errors effectively. Correct resolution ensures secure web access, protects sensitive data, and maintains system reliability.
Question 171
A user reports that their Windows 11 system is running slowly, and Task Manager shows the CPU is consistently at 95–100% usage, even with few applications running. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Malware infection or background processes consuming resources
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
When a Windows system experiences sustained high CPU usage without significant applications running, one of the most common causes is malware infection, resource-intensive background processes, or misbehaving services. Malware can silently execute tasks such as cryptocurrency mining, data exfiltration, or botnet participation, causing near-constant CPU utilization. Running a comprehensive antivirus and anti-malware scan is the first recommended action.
Windows also hosts multiple background processes that may unexpectedly consume CPU. For example, Windows Update, Windows Search indexing, Superfetch/ SysMain, or third-party software auto-updates can spike resource usage. Task Manager and Resource Monitor help identify which processes are responsible. Disabling or rescheduling non-critical tasks, updating or repairing misbehaving software, or adjusting service startup types can reduce CPU load.
System performance can also degrade due to driver conflicts or outdated system software. Updating critical drivers, firmware, and Windows patches ensures that processes run efficiently and do not introduce unexpected CPU overhead. Additionally, checking scheduled tasks, startup programs, and running scripts is critical, as unnecessary background activities often remain hidden from standard desktop views.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing screen resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not directly affect CPU usage and are unlikely to resolve the problem. Preventive strategies include performing regular malware scans, monitoring system resources, minimizing unnecessary startup applications, and keeping software and drivers up to date. Understanding Windows process management, malware behavior, and system diagnostics is essential for identifying and resolving CPU performance issues, maintaining system responsiveness, and preventing prolonged system degradation. Efficient monitoring and management of system resources are critical for avoiding productivity loss and reducing the risk of permanent hardware strain caused by sustained high CPU utilization.
Question 172
A user complains that their Windows 10 PC cannot play audio from any speakers, even though the sound is working on headphones. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Incorrect default playback device or faulty speaker drivers
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Audio issues in Windows, where headphones work but speakers do not, often indicate that the default playback device is misconfigured, drivers are outdated, or the speakers themselves are malfunctioning. Windows allows multiple playback devices, and if the system defaults to a non-functional or disconnected device, no sound is heard through speakers. Technicians can check and change the default playback device in Settings > Sound > Choose Output Device or via the Sound Control Panel.
Driver-related issues are also common. Outdated, corrupt, or incompatible audio drivers can prevent speakers from functioning properly. Updating drivers from the manufacturer’s website or using Device Manager to reinstall audio drivers often resolves the issue. Occasionally, drivers conflict with newly installed software or system updates, requiring a clean reinstall or rollback.
Hardware checks are essential as well. Ensure speakers are powered, connected to the correct port, and volume levels are appropriate. Testing the speakers on another device can confirm hardware functionality. Windows troubleshooting tools, such as Playing Audio Troubleshooter, can automatically detect and fix common issues.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not affect audio output. Preventive measures include keeping drivers up to date, verifying correct device settings, and performing periodic system maintenance to prevent driver conflicts. Understanding how Windows manages audio devices, driver dependencies, and output prioritization is crucial for diagnosing and resolving speaker-related issues. Proper management ensures uninterrupted audio output for media consumption, video conferencing, and professional workflows, reducing downtime and user frustration caused by audio failures.
Question 173
A user reports that their Windows PC is frequently showing “Low Disk Space” warnings even though they recently deleted unnecessary files. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Large hidden system files, temporary files, or System Restore points consuming disk space
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Persistent low disk space warnings often arise not from user files but from hidden system files, temporary files, log files, or System Restore points that continue to occupy significant storage. Windows uses reserved storage for updates, caching, and temporary operations. The WinSxS folder can grow substantially over time, containing backup copies of system components and updates. Cleaning this folder using Disk Cleanup or Storage Sense can free space without affecting system functionality.
System Restore points may also consume large amounts of disk space. Adjusting the maximum storage allocated to restore points or deleting older points can reduce disk usage. Temporary files, browser caches, and software logs can accumulate unnoticed. Tools like Settings > Storage or third-party utilities can identify and safely remove such files.
Large applications and games may also reserve space for patches or updates. Moving non-essential applications to secondary storage or external drives helps mitigate low disk space warnings. Monitoring storage with Windows storage analysis tools allows administrators to maintain optimal free space proactively.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not directly affect disk usage. Preventive strategies include regularly cleaning temporary files, monitoring storage utilization, configuring System Restore appropriately, and using external storage solutions for large files. Understanding Windows storage architecture, system file behavior, and space management tools is essential for preventing low disk space conditions, maintaining system performance, and avoiding interruptions during critical operations. Proper disk management ensures efficient system operation, reliable updates, and optimal user experience.
Question 174
A user reports that after installing a new Windows 11 update, some network shares are inaccessible, and certain mapped drives fail to reconnect. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Changes in network policies, permissions, or drive mappings during updates
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Network share and mapped drive failures following a Windows update usually result from changes in network policies, permissions, or stored credentials. Updates sometimes reset network settings, enforce stricter security policies, or alter SMB protocol behavior. Windows 10 and 11 updates have occasionally disabled older versions of SMB (Server Message Block) for security reasons, causing previously functional shares to fail.
Technicians should first verify network connectivity and ensure proper IP addressing. Next, checking user permissions, shared folder ACLs, and domain credentials ensures users can access network resources. Mapped drives may require remapping or reconnecting using the Reconnect at sign-in option in File Explorer. Stored credentials in the Credential Manager may need updating to match domain or local account changes introduced by updates.
In enterprise environments, Group Policy settings may override individual configurations. IT administrators must confirm that post-update policies do not inadvertently block network access. SMB configuration changes can be inspected using Control Panel > Programs > Turn Windows Features On or Off and adjusting protocol versions as necessary.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not affect network shares. Preventive measures include maintaining a backup of network configurations, documenting mapped drives, and ensuring user credentials remain valid after updates. Understanding Windows network protocols, credential management, and post-update behavior is crucial for troubleshooting and maintaining reliable access to shared resources. Proper resolution ensures continued workflow, prevents data access issues, and maintains security compliance across the network environment.
Question 175
A user reports that their Windows system is repeatedly prompting for their password after resuming from sleep mode. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Sign-in options or power settings requiring password after sleep
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
When Windows repeatedly requests a password after resuming from sleep, the issue is most likely tied to sign-in options or power settings. Windows allows users to require credentials on wake to enhance security, particularly on laptops or shared devices. This setting can be adjusted in Settings > Accounts > Sign-in options > Require sign-in. Changing this option allows users to bypass password prompts if security requirements permit.
Power plan settings also influence this behavior. Certain plans prioritize security and may enforce authentication after sleep, hibernate, or lock events. Customizing power options and sleep behaviors through Control Panel > Power Options ensures the system aligns with user preferences while maintaining an appropriate security posture.
Credential Manager entries, domain policies, or third-party security software can also influence password prompts. In enterprise environments, Group Policies may enforce authentication after sleep, and adjusting these policies requires administrative access. Ensuring that local accounts, Microsoft accounts, and cached credentials are synchronized reduces repeated prompts.
Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not influence sleep authentication behavior. Preventive strategies include configuring sign-in options according to user needs, documenting power plan configurations, and educating users on security implications. Understanding Windows authentication mechanisms, power management, and Group Policy enforcement is essential for managing password prompts after sleep. Proper configuration ensures a balance between usability and security, preventing user frustration while maintaining system protection against unauthorized access.
Question 176
A user reports that their Windows system intermittently loses connection to the internet, even though other devices on the same network work fine. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Outdated or corrupt network adapter drivers, IP conflicts, or wireless interference
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Intermittent internet connectivity issues on a single Windows device are often caused by outdated or corrupt network adapter drivers, IP address conflicts, or interference in wireless networks. Network adapters are critical components that handle all communication between the computer and the network. If drivers are outdated, missing, or incompatible with Windows updates, the adapter may fail to maintain stable connections. Updating or reinstalling network drivers via Device Manager or the manufacturer’s website is the first step in troubleshooting.
IP conflicts occur when two devices on the same network are assigned the same IP address, causing intermittent disconnections. Ensuring the system is set to obtain an IP automatically via DHCP, or assigning a static IP outside the DHCP range, resolves conflicts. Wireless interference is another common cause. Physical obstacles, other wireless devices, and neighboring Wi-Fi networks on the same channel can degrade signal quality. Using tools like Wi-Fi analyzer apps to choose optimal channels or moving closer to the router improves connectivity.
Other considerations include router firmware updates, DNS configuration issues, or Windows networking services. Resetting TCP/IP stack using commands like netsh int ip reset and flushing DNS cache can restore stable connections. Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not impact network functionality. Preventive strategies include keeping network drivers updated, monitoring IP allocation, and minimizing wireless interference. Understanding Windows networking, driver behavior, and Wi-Fi principles is essential for maintaining reliable internet connections and preventing productivity loss due to intermittent connectivity issues.
Question 177
A user reports that after installing a new application, their system boots significantly slower than before. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) The application added startup processes or modified system services
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Significant boot slowdowns after installing a new application are frequently caused by startup programs and modified system services. Many applications configure themselves to launch during system startup to provide faster access or background functionalities. Each additional startup process increases the time required for Windows to initialize system components and load the desktop environment. Tools like Task Manager > Startup tab or MSConfig allow administrators to identify and disable unnecessary startup programs without impacting functionality.
Applications may also modify Windows services or background tasks to support features such as automatic updates, notifications, or scheduled maintenance. Some services may conflict with existing applications, creating delays during boot. Using Services.msc to inspect recently added services and adjusting startup types (automatic, manual, disabled) helps optimize boot performance.
Other performance considerations include registry changes made by the application, disk fragmentation on mechanical drives, or temporary increases in page file usage. Running disk optimization tools, reviewing registry modifications, and analyzing boot logs via Event Viewer or Windows Boot Log can provide further insight. Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not affect boot performance. Preventive strategies include monitoring newly installed software, selectively disabling unnecessary startup items, and regularly maintaining system health. Understanding startup processes, background services, and Windows boot sequence is critical for optimizing system performance and ensuring that applications enhance productivity without unintentionally causing delays.
Question 178
A user reports that their Windows system shows a “Blue Screen of Death” (BSOD) with a memory management error code after installing new RAM. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Faulty RAM, improper seating, or incompatible memory modules
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
A BSOD indicating a memory management error after installing new RAM strongly suggests hardware-related issues such as faulty RAM, improper seating, or incompatible memory modules. Memory modules must be compatible with the motherboard and with each other in terms of speed, type (DDR4, DDR5), and voltage specifications. Installing mismatched or defective RAM can cause data corruption, leading to critical system crashes and memory management errors.
The first step in troubleshooting is to power off the system, remove and reseat the RAM modules, ensuring they are firmly inserted into the slots. Testing each module individually using Windows Memory Diagnostic or third-party tools like MemTest86 can identify defective sticks. If the memory passes diagnostics but the BSOD persists, reviewing motherboard specifications and BIOS settings ensures that the memory configuration (frequency, voltage, and channel mode) is supported.
Firmware or BIOS updates can also impact memory compatibility. Outdated BIOS versions may fail to correctly initialize newer modules, causing instability. Adjusting memory timings or enabling XMP (Extreme Memory Profile) settings may resolve conflicts. Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—cannot cause memory errors. Preventive strategies include validating memory compatibility before purchase, properly handling RAM during installation, and periodically running diagnostics to ensure system stability. Understanding memory architecture, error codes, and hardware-software interactions is essential for diagnosing BSOD errors, protecting data integrity, and maintaining system reliability. Proper handling ensures a stable computing environment and prevents repetitive hardware-induced system crashes.
Question 179
A user reports that their Windows 10 system fails to wake from sleep, requiring a hard reboot to regain functionality. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Outdated device drivers, BIOS/UEFI firmware issues, or power management misconfigurations
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
Failure to wake from sleep often indicates issues with device drivers, firmware, or power management settings. Sleep mode relies on both software and hardware coordination to maintain system state while minimizing power consumption. If critical drivers such as graphics, chipset, or network adapters are outdated or incompatible, the system may fail to resume from sleep properly. Updating drivers ensures that hardware interacts correctly with Windows power management routines.
BIOS or UEFI firmware plays a crucial role in sleep and wake functionality. Outdated firmware may not correctly support sleep states (S3/S4), ACPI standards, or hybrid sleep features. Updating BIOS/UEFI can resolve these wake-from-sleep issues. Power settings in Windows must also be reviewed. Advanced options under Control Panel > Power Options allow administrators to configure what actions wake the system, manage USB device behavior, and control hybrid sleep settings. Misconfigured policies may prevent devices such as keyboards or network cards from triggering wake events.
Additional troubleshooting steps include checking Event Viewer logs for sleep or wake errors and testing sleep functionality with minimal hardware connected. In enterprise environments, Group Policies may enforce power configurations, requiring administrative adjustment. Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not affect sleep behavior. Preventive measures include maintaining updated drivers, applying firmware updates, configuring power plans appropriately, and verifying system sleep performance after changes. Understanding Windows power management, device-driver dependencies, and firmware interaction is crucial for diagnosing sleep-related issues. Proper configuration ensures system reliability, prevents repeated hard reboots, and maintains data integrity while optimizing energy efficiency.
Question 180
A user reports that their Windows system displays “Device Not Recognized” when connecting a USB device that works on other computers. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A) Corrupt or missing USB drivers, disabled USB ports, or power supply issues
B) Change desktop wallpaper
C) Increase screen resolution
D) Reinstall office software
Answer: A
Explanation:
USB devices that fail on one computer but function on others typically indicate driver issues, disabled USB ports, or power supply problems. Windows relies on proper USB drivers to recognize and communicate with external devices. If drivers are outdated, missing, or corrupted, the system will fail to enumerate the device. Reinstalling or updating drivers via Device Manager often resolves recognition issues.
USB ports may also be disabled in BIOS/UEFI or by operating system policies. Verifying port functionality and enabling USB controllers ensures devices are detected. Power supply issues, particularly on laptops or low-powered USB hubs, can prevent devices from functioning correctly. Testing the device on different ports or using a powered hub helps isolate the problem.
Windows system services, such as Plug and Play, must also operate correctly for USB enumeration. Restarting the service or the system can resolve temporary issues. Device conflicts, often displayed as yellow warning symbols in Device Manager, can be resolved by uninstalling conflicting devices and reconnecting the USB device. Options B), C), and D—changing wallpaper, increasing resolution, or reinstalling office software—do not impact USB recognition. Preventive strategies include regularly updating drivers, monitoring BIOS/UEFI USB settings, using appropriate hubs, and ensuring power adequacy for devices. Understanding USB architecture, driver dependencies, and power requirements is essential for maintaining reliable peripheral connectivity. Proper troubleshooting ensures consistent device recognition, reduces downtime, and supports seamless peripheral integration for both personal and professional tasks.
