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Exam Code: 200-301
Exam Name: Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA)
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Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) 200-301 Practice Test 40

Question 390

A router is about to join OSPF process 10. The engineer wants its OSPF router ID to remain `10.255.255.1` even if interface addresses later change. Which IOS configuration directly establishes that stable identity before OSPF starts?

  1. Set `ip ospf authentication` on an uplink without choosing a router ID.
  2. Set `ip ospf priority 0` on the transit interface to prevent DR election.
  3. Enter `router ospf 10` and configure `router-id 10.255.255.1`.
  4. Configure `passive-interface` on each neighbor-facing OSPF uplink.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

`router-id` under the OSPF routing process sets the 32-bit identifier directly, independent of physical interface renumbering. On an already active process, a router-ID change may require an OSPF process restart to take effect; setting it before startup avoids this issue.

Incorrect Answers

A:

OSPF authentication protects adjacency formation when matching settings and credentials exist; it does not explicitly select a 32-bit OSPF router ID for the process.

B:

Interface priority affects DR/BDR eligibility on broadcast or NBMA networks, not the OSPF router identifier advertised by the router. A priority-zero router still has an OSPF router ID.

D:

Passive interfaces suppress OSPF Hellos and adjacency formation on selected interfaces. They do not select the router ID, and marking actual transit links passive would prevent neighbor relationships.

Question 391

A proposed network design has this requirement: Two router transit interfaces must participate in OSPF area 0; exact interface statements control where hellos are sent. Which choice is technically appropriate for that deployment?

  1. Enable OSPF only on a loopback and expect it to send hellos over an untouched Gi0/0 transit.
  2. Configure one transit in area 1 while its neighbor uses area 0 and expect normal adjacency.
  3. Enable OSPF on both intended transit interfaces in area 0, for example `interface Gi0/0` followed by `ip ospf 1 area 0`, with usable IP addressing.
  4. Mark the only router-to-router transit `passive-interface` so both routers send normal hello packets.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Interface-level OSPF activates hellos on selected links without relying on overbroad wildcard matches. Both peers need compatible OSPF area and network parameters to form adjacency.

Incorrect Answers

A:

OSPF activation must include the actual neighbor-facing interface to exchange hellos.

B:

Area IDs must agree on a common OSPF link.

D:

Passive suppresses hello transmission and prevents adjacency on that interface.

Question 392

R1 and R2 share one Ethernet OSPFv2 area 0 link. R1 shows Hello 10 seconds / Dead 40 seconds; R2 shows Hello 5 seconds / Dead 20 seconds. Physical carrier and IPv4 addressing are correct, but no FULL adjacency forms. What should be corrected?

  1. Change only the OSPF router IDs to identical values so both devices share an identity.
  2. Make the OSPF hello and dead intervals agree on both interfaces, then verify the adjacency progresses normally.
  3. Raise the OSPF interface cost on R1 and leave the mismatched timers unchanged.
  4. Add a default IPv4 route to each router because OSPF Hello messages follow the Internet gateway.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

OSPF Hello packets include parameters that neighbors on a common network must agree on, including hello and dead intervals. A router expecting 10/40 on one side cannot form a normal adjacency with a peer advertising 5/20 on the same segment. Align the configured intervals to the intended design, confirm both interfaces are enabled for the same OSPF area, and inspect `show ip ospf interface` and `show ip ospf neighbor`. With matching parameters and no other adjacency defects, the neighbors should progress toward FULL as appropriate for the network type. Matching timers alone does not fix unrelated authentication or MTU faults.

Incorrect Answers

A:

OSPF router IDs must normally be unique in a routing domain; making two routers share one would create an additional identity conflict. The immediate mismatch is the hello/dead intervals visible in interface output. Correct those timers and leave distinct router identities intact.

C:

OSPF interface cost influences preferred routes after link-state information is exchanged. It does not override a basic Hello parameter mismatch that blocks neighbor establishment. Raising cost could change route selection later but would leave the adjacency negotiation defect untouched. That means the original neighbor problem would persist.

D:

OSPFv2 Hellos use IP protocol 89 on the directly connected link and do not require an Internet default route to reach a directly attached neighbor. Both devices already have working carrier and subnet connectivity. The relevant problem is incompatible Hello and Dead timers, not missing 0.0.0.0/0 entries.

Question 393

Two routers on the same connected OSPF link must use the same area identifier for adjacency. The team needs a solution consistent with this requirement. Which option is the most appropriate design or configuration decision?

  1. Configure both ends of the directly connected OSPF link in the same area (for example area 0), with compatible interface parameters.
  2. Put R1 in area 0 and R2 in area 1 and rely on their common IPv4 subnet to form neighbors.
  3. Give each router the same OSPF process number while keeping area IDs different.
  4. Enable OSPF only on user LAN ports and leave the router-to-router interface excluded from any OSPF area.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

OSPF neighbors must agree on the area identifier carried in hello packets for the shared link. Otherwise the protocol rejects the adjacency despite functioning IP connectivity.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Matching IP subnet alone does not resolve different OSPF area IDs.

C:

Process ID is locally significant on Cisco routers; matching numbers do not override area mismatch.

D:

No hello exchange occurs on the link required to form the neighbor relationship.

Question 394

A branch routing engineer is evaluating a deployment. Two OSPF routers on the same broadcast Ethernet segment should share consistent IP subnet and mask settings. What approach correctly addresses the stated requirement?

  1. Use addresses and masks consistent on the shared OSPF broadcast subnet, such as R1 192.0.2.1/24 and R2 192.0.2.2/24.
  2. Use R1 192.0.2.1/24 and R2 192.0.2.2/25 and assume different masks cannot affect hello acceptance.
  3. Use R2 192.0.3.2/24 on the same untagged Ethernet while expecting it to be on R1’s 192.0.2.0/24 link.
  4. Rely on an OSPF router ID alone to replace addressing the shared transit interface.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

OSPF on broadcast segments generally validates subnet/mask information from received hellos. Matching Layer 3 link network and mask enables peers to communicate with compatible neighbor parameters.

Incorrect Answers

B:

The unequal masks can cause OSPF broadcast-neighbor validation failure.

C:

The routers would have inconsistent IPv4 subnets unless other features explicitly support that topology.

D:

Unique router IDs identify processes, but a working routed interface/subnet is still needed for IPv4 neighbor connectivity.

Question 395

A proposed network design has this requirement: An OSPF adjacency with authentication enabled must use matching authentication mode and configured keys. Which choice is technically appropriate for that deployment?

  1. Configure MD5/digest authentication on only one router while leaving its peer unauthenticated.
  2. Configure compatible OSPF authentication type and matching key/key-ID where applicable on both ends of the adjacency.
  3. Configure matching Hello timers but intentionally use different authentication keys.
  4. Set the same OSPF process number on both routers and assume that automatically synchronizes credentials.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

OSPF authentication validation precedes successful neighboring. Different modes or configured digest keys can cause apparently arriving hello packets to be discarded.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The peers will not accept each other’s OSPF packets when authentication settings conflict.

C:

Timer agreement cannot make invalid packet-authentication digests pass.

D:

Process ID is local; authentication configuration is independent.

Question 396

A branch routing engineer must implement a change. A campus user-facing interface should be advertised by OSPF without forming adjacencies with hosts. Which technical decision most directly meets these requirements?

  1. Make the user LAN a nonpassive OSPF transit and require workstations to form OSPF adjacencies.
  2. Exclude the LAN entirely from OSPF and assume its prefix will automatically appear in other routers’ OSPF RIBs.
  3. Advertise the user LAN network in OSPF but configure that LAN interface as passive, leaving real router-to-router transit interfaces nonpassive.
  4. Mark every router-to-router transit passive along with the user LAN and expect OSPF topology exchange to continue.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

A passive OSPF interface suppresses hello formation on untrusted/user-facing segments while its connected prefix can still be advertised through the OSPF process.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Ordinary hosts do not need OSPF neighbor hellos for their LAN prefix to be advertised.

B:

Without an appropriate advertisement/redistribution, the LAN route may not be learned by other routers.

D:

Passive transits cannot form the routing adjacencies needed to exchange LSAs.

Question 397

A two-router transit Ethernet link should be configured with OSPF point-to-point type when DR/BDR election is not desired. The team needs a solution consistent with this requirement. Which option is the most appropriate design or configuration decision?

  1. Keep OSPF network type broadcast and assume no DR/BDR can be elected when there are only two routers.
  2. Set router priority zero on both broadcast peers and expect ordinary broadcast DR election and adjacency behavior.
  3. Disable OSPF hellos and use Ethernet physical carrier to create a Full database exchange.
  4. On the dedicated two-router transit link, use matching `ip ospf network point-to-point` interface settings, eliminating broadcast DR/BDR election.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

OSPF point-to-point network type forms a direct full neighbor relationship without electing DR or BDR. Both ends should use compatible network type and hello/dead settings.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Broadcast OSPF normally elects DR/BDR among eligible routers, even on a two-router segment.

B:

Two ineligible broadcast routers cannot elect a DR and do not implement point-to-point behavior.

C:

OSPF neighbor formation requires protocol control messages.

Question 398

A branch routing engineer is evaluating a deployment. On an OSPF broadcast segment, router priority and router ID select eligible DR/BDR roles during an election; the election is nonpreemptive. What approach correctly addresses the stated requirement?

  1. Choose DR solely from the lowest IPv4 host address, ignoring configured OSPF priority.
  2. Assume a later arrival with higher priority immediately preempts the established DR on every Hello.
  3. Allow interface priority zero to become DR when all other routers have nonzero priorities.
  4. On a fresh broadcast-segment election, the highest eligible OSPF interface priority is elected DR, with router ID breaking equal-priority ties; DR is not automatically preempted later.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Broadcast network DR/BDR elections use priority first, router ID as tie-breaker. A subsequently joined higher-priority router usually does not replace an existing healthy DR until a new election/event.

Incorrect Answers

A:

DR election does not use the lowest interface IP as its primary criterion.

B:

OSPF broadcast DR election is nonpreemptive under normal steady operation.

C:

Priority zero makes a router ineligible for DR/BDR election.

Question 399

A proposed network design has this requirement: An OSPF broadcast interface set to priority zero may be a DROTHER but must never become DR or BDR. Which choice is technically appropriate for that deployment?

  1. Give it priority 255 to prevent the router from becoming DR.
  2. Set OSPF interface priority 0 to make the router ineligible for DR and BDR while still allowing appropriate DROTHER neighbor participation.
  3. Turn off all OSPF hello packets and assume the router will still be an active DROTHER neighbor.
  4. Set the OSPF process ID to zero and assume process ID controls DR eligibility.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

A priority-zero OSPF router may exchange routes through the segment’s DR/BDR but is not a candidate to assume designated roles. Check `show ip ospf interface` for actual configured priority.

Incorrect Answers

A:

High eligible priority makes the router more likely to become DR at an election.

C:

Without hello exchanges the router generally cannot maintain normal neighboring.

D:

The interface priority, not the locally chosen process ID, determines DR candidate eligibility.

Question 400

Four routers share a broadcast Ethernet OSPFv2 segment. A and B have been elected DR and BDR; C and D are DROTHERs. `show ip ospf neighbor` on C reports D in 2-WAY state, while C has FULL adjacency with the DR and BDR. How should the C–D state be interpreted?

  1. An OSPF area mismatch always prevents the two DROTHERs from receiving any Hello packets.
  2. Normal OSPF broadcast-network behavior: two DROTHERs can remain 2-WAY while forming FULL adjacencies with DR/BDR.
  3. A failed Ethernet interface, because 2-WAY means both devices have lost link carrier.
  4. A mandatory MTU mismatch requiring `ip ospf mtu-ignore` whenever 2-WAY appears.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

On a multiaccess OSPF broadcast network, routers elect a designated router and backup designated router to reduce adjacency requirements. Two DROTHER routers generally discover each other and reach 2-WAY state without forming a full database-exchange adjacency between themselves. They form full adjacencies with the DR and BDR instead. The stated pattern of FULL toward DR/BDR and 2-WAY toward another DROTHER is therefore expected, not automatically a fault. Check the OSPF interface network type and peer roles before changing any settings; on a genuine point-to-point network, full adjacency expectations differ.

Incorrect Answers

A:

An OSPF area mismatch typically prevents compatible neighbor formation, rather than yielding a stable expected 2-WAY relationship between two DROTHERs. The scenario already states that both routers appear as neighbors on a functioning broadcast segment with elected DR/BDR roles. Their 2-WAY state is part of normal topology, not proof of an area mismatch.

C:

The 2-WAY state means each peer has received Hello information acknowledging the other's presence; it does not mean carrier is down. A failed physical link would more likely eliminate the neighbor or leave it Down. Inspect interface counters separately if actual Layer 1 symptoms exist.

D:

An MTU mismatch commonly affects database exchange states such as ExStart or Exchange, rather than a deliberately stable 2-WAY relationship between DROTHERs on broadcast media. The command `ip ospf mtu-ignore` bypasses one check but is not appropriate solely because two non-DR peers remain 2-WAY. Verify roles first.

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