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Exam Code: CISSP
Exam Name: Certified Information Systems Security Professional
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Certified Information Systems Security Professional CISSP Practice Test 64

Question 630

A compromised automation account may have modified production security policy before detection. Which security recommendation MOST directly addresses the described risk or requirement?

  1. Revoke the compromised automation account and close the incident without reviewing changes made to production policy
  2. Contain the account, preserve change evidence and reconstruct affected policy state
  3. Restore server uptime but keep the attacker-modified firewall and authorization settings in place
  4. Delete the automation change history as sensitive data before reconstructing which controls were altered

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Incident response must address integrity of modified policy, not only credential revocation. A direct way to confirm the outcome is to inspect immutable configuration history and confirm unauthorized changes are reversed.

Incorrect Answers

A:

“Revoke the compromised automation account and close the incident without reviewing changes made to production policy” would not establish the protection described: incident response must address integrity of modified policy, not only credential revocation. The necessary change is “Contain the account, preserve change evidence and reconstruct affected policy state” with the verification “inspect immutable configuration history and confirm unauthorized changes are reversed”.

C:

“Restore server uptime but keep the attacker-modified firewall and authorization settings in place” would not establish the protection described: incident response must address integrity of modified policy, not only credential revocation. The necessary change is “Contain the account, preserve change evidence and reconstruct affected policy state” with the verification “inspect immutable configuration history and confirm unauthorized changes are reversed”.

D:

“Delete the automation change history as sensitive data before reconstructing which controls were altered” leaves the essential control missing: incident response must address integrity of modified policy, not only credential revocation. The direct corrective action is “Contain the account, preserve change evidence and reconstruct affected policy state”, validated by the acceptance check “inspect immutable configuration history and confirm unauthorized changes are reversed”.

Question 631

An Agile team postpones security review until after each public release. Which security recommendation MOST directly addresses the described risk or requirement?

  1. Ask only the product owner to self-attest that backlog stories have no security risk
  2. Add a penetration test at launch without any security acceptance conditions during iterations
  3. Embed threat review and acceptance checks in each development iteration
  4. Keep the security review as a separate annual event after all sprint releases

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Secure SDLC controls should fit iterative delivery rather than remain separate. A direct way to confirm the outcome is to verify sprint definitions of done include security evidence.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The security distinction is that secure SDLC controls should fit iterative delivery rather than remain separate. “Ask only the product owner to self-attest that backlog stories have no security risk” addresses neither the required “Embed threat review and acceptance checks in each development iteration” action nor its supporting evidence: “Verify sprint definitions of done include security evidence”.

B:

Secure SDLC controls should fit iterative delivery rather than remain separate. “Add a penetration test at launch without any security acceptance conditions during iterations” does not supply that control; “Embed threat review and acceptance checks in each development iteration” addresses the identified gap, and “Verify sprint definitions of done include security evidence” verifies the result.

D:

Secure SDLC controls should fit iterative delivery rather than remain separate. “Keep the security review as a separate annual event after all sprint releases” does not supply that control; “Embed threat review and acceptance checks in each development iteration” addresses the identified gap, and “Verify sprint definitions of done include security evidence” verifies the result.

Question 632

An Agile team postpones security review until after each public release. After implementing a remedy, which acceptance-test evidence MOST directly demonstrates that the specific issue has been addressed?

  1. Count closed user stories but omit threat review and security test artifacts
  2. Confirm a sprint was delivered on time without its security acceptance evidence
  3. Review the annual assessment schedule instead of per-sprint definitions of done
  4. Verify sprint definitions of done include security evidence

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Secure SDLC controls should fit iterative delivery rather than remain separate. The result of the remedy is checked directly: Verify sprint definitions of done include security evidence.

Incorrect Answers

A:

“Count closed user stories but omit threat review and security test artifacts” evaluates something other than the specified fix. The meaningful evidence is “Verify sprint definitions of done include security evidence”, reflecting the requirement that secure SDLC controls should fit iterative delivery rather than remain separate.

B:

“Confirm a sprint was delivered on time without its security acceptance evidence” is insufficient to demonstrate that “Embed threat review and acceptance checks in each development iteration” works. Secure SDLC controls should fit iterative delivery rather than remain separate. The decisive test is “Verify sprint definitions of done include security evidence”.

C:

“Review the annual assessment schedule instead of per-sprint definitions of done” evaluates something other than the specified fix. The meaningful evidence is “Verify sprint definitions of done include security evidence”, reflecting the requirement that secure SDLC controls should fit iterative delivery rather than remain separate.

Question 633

A traditional waterfall project has no defined security gate before design freeze. Which security recommendation MOST directly addresses the described risk or requirement?

  1. Include security requirements and architecture review at phase boundaries
  2. Allow design freeze before documenting security requirements and request fixes in final testing
  3. Substitute a generic security policy acknowledgment for architecture threat analysis
  4. Let the implementation team define security gates only when deployment begins

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Early security design reduces late-stage rework. A direct way to confirm the outcome is to inspect phase approval evidence and threat models.

Incorrect Answers

B:

“Allow design freeze before documenting security requirements and request fixes in final testing” would not establish the protection described: early security design reduces late-stage rework. The necessary change is “Include security requirements and architecture review at phase boundaries” with the verification “Inspect phase approval evidence and threat models”.

C:

“Substitute a generic security policy acknowledgment for architecture threat analysis” leaves the essential control missing: early security design reduces late-stage rework. The direct corrective action is “Include security requirements and architecture review at phase boundaries”, validated by the acceptance check “Inspect phase approval evidence and threat models”.

D:

“Let the implementation team define security gates only when deployment begins” would not establish the protection described: early security design reduces late-stage rework. The necessary change is “Include security requirements and architecture review at phase boundaries” with the verification “Inspect phase approval evidence and threat models”.

Question 634

A traditional waterfall project has no defined security gate before design freeze. After implementing a remedy, which acceptance-test evidence MOST directly demonstrates that the specific issue has been addressed?

  1. Confirm the project charter mentions security but not that architecture checkpoints occurred
  2. Inspect phase approval evidence and threat models
  3. Inspect release approval alone while omitting prior requirements and threat models
  4. Review final test results without evidence that design-phase risks were assessed

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Early security design reduces late-stage rework. The result of the remedy is checked directly: Inspect phase approval evidence and threat models.

Incorrect Answers

A:

An observation of “Confirm the project charter mentions security but not that architecture checkpoints occurred” would not verify the relevant control. Early security design reduces late-stage rework. The necessary acceptance evidence is “Inspect phase approval evidence and threat models”.

C:

An observation of “Inspect release approval alone while omitting prior requirements and threat models” would not verify the relevant control. Early security design reduces late-stage rework. The necessary acceptance evidence is “Inspect phase approval evidence and threat models”.

D:

The acceptance test must demonstrate “Inspect phase approval evidence and threat models” because early security design reduces late-stage rework. “Review final test results without evidence that design-phase risks were assessed” cannot establish that result.

Question 635

A CI/CD platform can deploy software without an independent production approval. Which security recommendation MOST directly addresses the described risk or requirement?

  1. Give all build agents permanent production-deployment credentials without independent approval
  2. Use a developer's own pipeline approval as the sole production authorization
  3. Introduce risk-based separation of release and development duties
  4. Require an informal chat message but no enforceable deployment permission boundary

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Continuous delivery does not remove privileged change governance. A direct way to confirm the outcome is to test blocked deployment when required approval is absent.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The proposal “Give all build agents permanent production-deployment credentials without independent approval” does not meet the relevant requirement because continuous delivery does not remove privileged change governance. The matching remediation is “Introduce risk-based separation of release and development duties”.

B:

“Use a developer's own pipeline approval as the sole production authorization” is not the relevant mitigation. Continuous delivery does not remove privileged change governance. The scenario calls for “Introduce risk-based separation of release and development duties”; the acceptance check is “Test blocked deployment when required approval is absent”.

D:

“Require an informal chat message but no enforceable deployment permission boundary” is not the relevant mitigation. Continuous delivery does not remove privileged change governance. The scenario calls for “Introduce risk-based separation of release and development duties”; the acceptance check is “Test blocked deployment when required approval is absent”.

Question 636

A CI/CD platform can deploy software without an independent production approval. After implementing a remedy, which acceptance-test evidence MOST directly demonstrates that the specific issue has been addressed?

  1. Confirm a developer can successfully deploy without testing missing-approval rejection
  2. Review a message thread without verifying the enforced approval gate
  3. Inspect completed pipeline runs but not whether unapproved deployments are technically blocked
  4. Test blocked deployment when required approval is absent

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Continuous delivery does not remove privileged change governance. The result of the remedy is checked directly: Test blocked deployment when required approval is absent.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Continuous delivery does not remove privileged change governance. The proposed check, “Confirm a developer can successfully deploy without testing missing-approval rejection”, misses the relevant outcome; “Test blocked deployment when required approval is absent” tests whether the intended remedy worked.

B:

“Review a message thread without verifying the enforced approval gate” does not show the required outcome: test blocked deployment when required approval is absent. That test matters because continuous delivery does not remove privileged change governance.

C:

Continuous delivery does not remove privileged change governance. The proposed check, “Inspect completed pipeline runs but not whether unapproved deployments are technically blocked”, misses the relevant outcome; “Test blocked deployment when required approval is absent” tests whether the intended remedy worked.

Question 637

A software team reports process maturity based only on bug counts. Which security recommendation MOST directly addresses the described risk or requirement?

  1. Assess repeatable engineering processes and improvement evidence
  2. Count mandatory training hours instead of repeatable, measured secure development practices
  3. Assign maturity solely from the age of the software organization without process evidence
  4. Treat one sprint's low defect count as proof of consistent engineering maturity

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Maturity models concern organizational capability, not one defect tally. A direct way to confirm the outcome is to review process adoption and corrective trends.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Maturity models concern organizational capability, not one defect tally. “Count mandatory training hours instead of repeatable, measured secure development practices” does not supply that control; “Assess repeatable engineering processes and improvement evidence” addresses the identified gap, and “Review process adoption and corrective trends” verifies the result.

C:

The security distinction is that maturity models concern organizational capability, not one defect tally. “Assign maturity solely from the age of the software organization without process evidence” addresses neither the required “Assess repeatable engineering processes and improvement evidence” action nor its supporting evidence: “Review process adoption and corrective trends”.

D:

Maturity models concern organizational capability, not one defect tally. “Treat one sprint's low defect count as proof of consistent engineering maturity” does not supply that control; “Assess repeatable engineering processes and improvement evidence” addresses the identified gap, and “Review process adoption and corrective trends” verifies the result.

Question 638

A software team reports process maturity based only on bug counts. After implementing a remedy, which acceptance-test evidence MOST directly demonstrates that the specific issue has been addressed?

  1. Verify how many years the team has operated but not corrective trends or process adoption
  2. Review process adoption and corrective trends
  3. Compare bug counts for one release without evaluating repeatable practices
  4. Review training attendance without measuring changes in control effectiveness

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Maturity models concern organizational capability, not one defect tally. The result of the remedy is checked directly: Review process adoption and corrective trends.

Incorrect Answers

A:

“Verify how many years the team has operated but not corrective trends or process adoption” evaluates something other than the specified fix. The meaningful evidence is “Review process adoption and corrective trends”, reflecting the requirement that maturity models concern organizational capability, not one defect tally.

C:

“Compare bug counts for one release without evaluating repeatable practices” evaluates something other than the specified fix. The meaningful evidence is “Review process adoption and corrective trends”, reflecting the requirement that maturity models concern organizational capability, not one defect tally.

D:

“Review training attendance without measuring changes in control effectiveness” is insufficient to demonstrate that “Assess repeatable engineering processes and improvement evidence” works. Maturity models concern organizational capability, not one defect tally. The decisive test is “Review process adoption and corrective trends”.

Question 639

Maintenance staff introduce security regressions outside the feature development pipeline. Which security recommendation MOST directly addresses the described risk or requirement?

  1. Apply security review only to feature releases and exempt maintenance updates indefinitely
  2. Allow direct production patches with no rollback or postchange verification
  3. Apply controlled secure change review to patches and operational updates
  4. Review maintenance code only after deployment without preserving approval evidence

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

SDLC security continues into maintenance. A direct way to confirm the outcome is to trace maintenance commits through review and deployment gates.

Incorrect Answers

A:

“Apply security review only to feature releases and exempt maintenance updates indefinitely” leaves the essential control missing: SDLC security continues into maintenance. The direct corrective action is “Apply controlled secure change review to patches and operational updates”, validated by the acceptance check “Trace maintenance commits through review and deployment gates”.

B:

“Allow direct production patches with no rollback or postchange verification” would not establish the protection described: SDLC security continues into maintenance. The necessary change is “Apply controlled secure change review to patches and operational updates” with the verification “Trace maintenance commits through review and deployment gates”.

D:

“Review maintenance code only after deployment without preserving approval evidence” would not establish the protection described: SDLC security continues into maintenance. The necessary change is “Apply controlled secure change review to patches and operational updates” with the verification “Trace maintenance commits through review and deployment gates”.

Question 640

Maintenance staff introduce security regressions outside the feature development pipeline. After implementing a remedy, which acceptance-test evidence MOST directly demonstrates that the specific issue has been addressed?

  1. Inspect runtime uptime after the patch without checking independent review and rollback
  2. Review the next feature release's approvals but omit out-of-band maintenance changes
  3. Confirm the maintenance patch installed without reviewing its security gates
  4. Trace maintenance commits through review and deployment gates

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

SDLC security continues into maintenance. The result of the remedy is checked directly: Trace maintenance commits through review and deployment gates.

Incorrect Answers

A:

An observation of “Inspect runtime uptime after the patch without checking independent review and rollback” would not verify the relevant control. SDLC security continues into maintenance. The necessary acceptance evidence is “Trace maintenance commits through review and deployment gates”.

B:

The acceptance test must demonstrate “Trace maintenance commits through review and deployment gates” because SDLC security continues into maintenance. “Review the next feature release's approvals but omit out-of-band maintenance changes” cannot establish that result.

C:

An observation of “Confirm the maintenance patch installed without reviewing its security gates” would not verify the relevant control. SDLC security continues into maintenance. The necessary acceptance evidence is “Trace maintenance commits through review and deployment gates”.

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