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Question 121:
Which Cisco security architecture integrates network visibility, endpoint protection, and cloud defense into a single cohesive platform?
A Cisco SecureX
B Cisco DNA Center
C Cisco ISE
D Cisco Stealthwatch
Answer: A
Explanation:
Cisco SecureX is Cisco’s unified security operations platform designed to integrate multiple Cisco and third-party security products—such as Umbrella, AMP for Endpoints, Firepower, Stealthwatch, and ISE—into a single centralized dashboard that provides visibility, correlation, and automation across the enterprise security environment. Unlike other Cisco solutions that focus on specific domains, SecureX serves as a comprehensive orchestration and management layer. Option B, DNA Center, is primarily intended for network automation and assurance rather than security orchestration. Option C, ISE, handles identity management, access control, and policy enforcement but does not provide cross-product orchestration. Option D, Stealthwatch, focuses on network analytics and behavioral monitoring but lacks centralized orchestration and workflow automation capabilities.
SecureX enhances security operations by enabling cross-product correlation of security events through the Cisco Threat Response (CTR) module, automating response actions using playbooks via the Orchestration feature, and supporting case management for incident investigations. By consolidating alerts and providing context-rich insights, SecureX allows security teams to respond faster and more effectively, reducing key SOC performance metrics such as Mean Time to Detect (MTTD) and Mean Time to Respond (MTTR). Its centralized visibility enables analysts to track threats across endpoints, networks, and cloud environments, ensuring that no critical events go unnoticed. The platform also facilitates integration with third-party tools via APIs, allowing organizations to extend orchestration and automation capabilities beyond Cisco products.
In the SCOR exam, SecureX exemplifies the Security Automation, Visibility, and Integration objectives. It highlights the importance of a unified operational platform that connects diverse security technologies to streamline workflows, improve situational awareness, and strengthen overall defense posture. By leveraging SecureX, organizations can implement consistent policies, automate repetitive tasks, and rapidly respond to threats, all while maintaining comprehensive oversight of their security ecosystem.
Therefore, option A is correct because Cisco SecureX unifies visibility, analytics, and automation across the entire Cisco security portfolio, enabling a cohesive, end-to-end defense strategy that improves operational efficiency and threat response capabilities.
Question 122:
Which Cisco technology provides dynamic malware analysis in an isolated sandbox environment for suspicious files?
A Cisco Threat Grid
B Cisco AMP for Endpoints
C Cisco ISE
D Cisco Stealthwatch
Answer: A
Explanation:
Cisco Threat Grid is Cisco’s advanced sandboxing and dynamic malware analysis platform that allows security teams to detonate suspicious files in a secure, isolated environment and observe their behavior in detail. By analyzing files in a controlled sandbox, Threat Grid captures critical indicators of compromise (IOCs), including process creation, file modifications, network connections, registry changes, and other malicious activities. This behavioral analysis enables organizations to detect previously unknown or evasive malware that traditional signature-based solutions might miss. Unlike other Cisco solutions, Threat Grid specializes in file-level analysis. Option B, AMP for Endpoints, focuses on endpoint protection and detection but relies on Threat Grid for deeper, dynamic malware analysis. Option C, ISE, manages network access policies and device compliance without performing malware inspection. Option D, Stealthwatch, provides network flow analytics but does not inspect files or execute sandboxing.
Threat Grid enhances threat detection by correlating observed behaviors against Cisco Talos threat intelligence, enabling the identification of emerging threats and zero-day attacks more quickly. It also integrates with other Cisco security products—such as Secure Email, Firepower, and Umbrella—via APIs, allowing automated submission of suspicious files and sharing of threat verdicts across the security ecosystem. This integration ensures that malicious files identified in the sandbox can trigger protective actions elsewhere, strengthening overall incident response and reducing the window of exposure. Analysts can also leverage Threat Grid’s detailed behavioral reports to enrich alerts, support forensic investigations, and fine-tune prevention policies.
Within the SCOR exam context, Threat Grid exemplifies advanced malware defense and threat analysis capabilities. It bridges the gap between prevention and detection, allowing organizations to proactively identify and respond to sophisticated threats. Understanding Threat Grid is crucial for SCOR candidates under the Malware Analysis and Advanced Threat Protection objectives, as it demonstrates how Cisco’s security ecosystem provides layered, intelligence-driven defenses.
Therefore, option A is correct because Cisco Threat Grid delivers isolated, behavior-based malware analysis and IOC generation, enhancing threat visibility, detection, and response across the enterprise security environment.
Question 123:
Which Cisco feature provides visibility and control over users and devices connecting to the corporate network?
A Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE)
B Cisco AMP
C Cisco Umbrella
D Cisco Duo
Answer: A
Explanation:
Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) provides robust network access control (NAC) by authenticating and authorizing users and devices before they are allowed to connect to the network. It enforces policies based on multiple contextual factors—including user identity, device posture, location, and time—enabling fine-grained, context-aware access control. This ensures that only authorized and compliant devices can access sensitive resources, supporting a Zero Trust security model. Option B, AMP for Endpoints, focuses on endpoint protection after the device is already connected. Option C, Umbrella, delivers DNS-layer security but does not control network access. Option D, Duo Security, provides multi-factor authentication but lacks full network policy enforcement capabilities.
ISE integrates with industry-standard protocols such as RADIUS, TACACS+, and 802.1X to manage authentication and authorization. It also offers device profiling, allowing administrators to identify endpoint types—including corporate laptops, IoT devices, and guest systems—so that access policies can be tailored accordingly. When paired with Cisco TrustSec, ISE can assign Security Group Tags (SGTs) to users and devices, enabling scalable, policy-driven segmentation across the network. This combination of contextual awareness, device profiling, and dynamic policy enforcement makes ISE a cornerstone of modern enterprise security.
From a SCOR exam perspective, ISE is a key technology within the Secure Access and Identity Management domain. Candidates are expected to understand how it enforces least-privilege access, integrates with other Cisco security solutions, and supports Zero Trust principles. By dynamically controlling who and what can access the network, ISE helps prevent unauthorized lateral movement and reduces overall attack surface, reinforcing both security and compliance objectives.
Therefore, option A is correct because Cisco ISE ensures that only authorized and compliant users and devices can access enterprise resources, providing context-aware network access control, supporting segmentation, and forming a critical component of a Zero Trust architecture.
Question 124:
Which Cisco solution delivers endpoint protection and retrospective malware detection?
A Cisco AMP for Endpoints
B Cisco Umbrella
C Cisco Firepower
D Cisco Stealthwatch
Answer: A
Explanation:
Cisco AMP for Endpoints, now known as Cisco Secure Endpoint, provides comprehensive endpoint protection through advanced malware protection, endpoint detection and response (EDR), and retrospective threat analysis. It continuously monitors file and process activity on endpoints to identify suspicious or malicious behavior, even if a threat was not detected at initial execution. This behavioral monitoring allows AMP to detect advanced threats, ransomware, and zero-day malware that traditional signature-based antivirus solutions might miss. Option B, Umbrella, operates at the DNS layer and does not inspect endpoint processes. Option C, Firepower, secures network traffic but does not provide deep endpoint monitoring. Option D, Stealthwatch, focuses on network flow analytics and behavioral detection but does not analyze endpoint-level activity.
AMP leverages cloud analytics and machine learning to evaluate threat patterns in real time. One of its key features is retrospective security: if a file previously deemed safe later exhibits malicious behavior, AMP can automatically quarantine it, update alerts, and remediate the threat across all affected endpoints. This retrospective capability provides a critical advantage over traditional antivirus tools, enabling organizations to respond to emerging threats that were initially undetectable.
Cisco AMP also integrates seamlessly with other security solutions, including Threat Grid for sandboxing and dynamic malware analysis, SecureX for orchestration and automation, and Firepower for coordinated network defense. These integrations provide end-to-end visibility and streamline incident response workflows, reinforcing Cisco’s layered security approach. In the SCOR exam, AMP illustrates the Endpoint Security and Advanced Threat Detection objectives, demonstrating how continuous monitoring, behavioral analysis, and automated remediation strengthen organizational defenses.
Therefore, option A is correct because Cisco AMP for Endpoints delivers continuous monitoring, behavioral analysis, and retrospective threat detection, ensuring advanced protection against both known and emerging endpoint threats while integrating into a broader Cisco security ecosystem.
Question 125:
Which Cisco cloud-native service protects against malicious DNS requests and phishing attacks?
A Cisco Umbrella
B Cisco ISE
C Cisco AMP for Endpoints
D Cisco Secure Firewall
Answer: A
Explanation:
Cisco Umbrella is Cisco’s cloud-delivered security platform that provides DNS-layer protection by blocking access to malicious domains, IP addresses, and URLs before a connection is established. Leveraging the extensive threat intelligence of Cisco Talos, Umbrella proactively prevents users from reaching phishing sites, malware-hosting domains, or other harmful destinations, effectively stopping threats at the earliest stage of the attack chain. Option B, ISE, focuses on network access control and does not provide DNS or web-layer threat prevention. Option C, AMP for Endpoints, protects devices after a connection has already occurred and cannot block threats at the DNS level. Option D, Cisco Secure Firewall, filters traffic at the network level but only after DNS resolution has occurred.
One of Umbrella’s core advantages is its preemptive approach to security. By enforcing protection at the DNS layer, it prevents malicious traffic from entering the network, reducing risk and minimizing the need for remediation downstream. Beyond DNS security, Umbrella extends its capabilities through integrations with Secure Web Gateway (SWG), Cloud Firewall, and Cloud Access Security Broker (CASB) functionality, delivering comprehensive coverage within Cisco’s Secure Access Service Edge (SASE) framework. This combination enables visibility and control over web and cloud applications, blocks access to risky sites, and enforces acceptable use policies for both on-network and roaming users.
In the SCOR exam, Cisco Umbrella is emphasized under Cloud Security and Internet Edge Protection objectives. Its relevance is particularly strong for remote workforce and roaming user scenarios, where traditional perimeter defenses may not provide adequate protection. Understanding Umbrella’s DNS-layer enforcement, cloud-native architecture, and integration with other SASE components demonstrates a candidate’s knowledge of modern, distributed security strategies.
Therefore, option A is correct because Cisco Umbrella delivers cloud-based DNS-layer and web protection, stopping threats before connections are made and providing a proactive security layer that reduces risk across enterprise networks, remote users, and cloud environments.
Question 126:
Which Cisco device serves as a next-generation firewall (NGFW) integrating application control, intrusion prevention, and malware defense?
A Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD)
B Cisco ISE
C Cisco AMP
D Cisco Duo
Answer: A
Explanation:
Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) is Cisco’s next-generation security appliance that integrates firewall, VPN, intrusion prevention (NGIPS), and advanced malware protection into a single unified platform. FTD provides deep packet inspection, application awareness, and URL filtering, enabling granular control over network traffic and protection against a wide range of threats. Option B, Cisco ISE, focuses on network access control and policy enforcement, not traffic inspection. Option C, AMP for Endpoints, provides endpoint-level protection rather than network-layer defense. Option D, Duo Security, secures user authentication but does not analyze network traffic.
FTD leverages Snort 3 for both signature-based and behavioral intrusion detection, providing robust protection against known and emerging threats. It integrates seamlessly with Firepower Management Center (FMC), allowing centralized policy management, event correlation, and reporting across multiple appliances. Additional features such as SSL decryption, Security Intelligence feeds, and adaptive threat correlation enable organizations to inspect encrypted traffic, block malicious sources proactively, and respond dynamically to changing threat landscapes. By combining multiple security functions in a single appliance, FTD reduces complexity, improves visibility, and enforces consistent policies across the network perimeter.
Within the SCOR exam, FTD is highlighted under the Network Security and Threat Defense objectives. Candidates are expected to understand how it provides next-generation firewall capabilities, intrusion prevention, malware defense, and contextual inspection to safeguard enterprise networks. FTD exemplifies Cisco’s approach to integrated, intelligence-driven network security, bridging traditional firewall capabilities with modern threat defense requirements.
Therefore, option A is correct because Cisco Firepower Threat Defense consolidates NGFW, intrusion prevention, and malware protection into a single platform, providing comprehensive, context-aware network security for enterprise environments.
Question 127:
Which protocol does Cisco ISE use to communicate with network access devices like switches and wireless controllers for authentication and authorization?
A RADIUS
B SNMP
C HTTPS
D SSH
Answer: A
Explanation:
RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) is the fundamental protocol used by Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) to manage authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) between network access devices—such as switches, wireless controllers, and VPN gateways—and the ISE server. When a user or device attempts to connect to the network, the access device forwards the credentials to ISE via RADIUS. The ISE server evaluates these credentials against configured policies, user roles, device posture, and contextual parameters such as location, device type, and time of access. Based on this evaluation, ISE returns authorization information, including VLAN assignments, access control lists (ACLs), or Security Group Tags (SGTs), ensuring that only compliant and authorized users and devices can access appropriate network resources.
Option B, SNMP, is primarily used for network monitoring and device status reporting and does not handle authentication or authorization. Option C, HTTPS, provides secure communication for administrative access to ISE’s web interface but is not used for AAA operations. Option D, SSH, is used for secure command-line management of network devices and ISE itself, but it does not enforce access control policies for users or endpoints. By contrast, RADIUS is purpose-built to carry authentication and accounting messages in real time, making it critical for dynamic policy enforcement.
RADIUS operates over UDP ports 1812 for authentication and 1813 for accounting, with support for fallback to legacy ports 1645 and 1646 in some deployments. It plays a crucial role in 802.1X network access control, enabling enterprise-grade security for both wired and wireless environments. Additionally, RADIUS supports guest access workflows, VPN connections, and posture-based controls, allowing ISE to implement context-aware security and Zero Trust principles across the network.
In the SCOR exam, understanding the role of RADIUS within AAA workflows is essential for the Secure Access and Identity Management objectives. Candidates must know how ISE leverages RADIUS to enforce dynamic, policy-driven access, ensure compliance, and integrate with other Cisco security solutions.
Therefore, option A is correct because Cisco ISE relies on the RADIUS protocol to authenticate and authorize users and devices through network access devices, delivering context-aware, policy-based control and forming the backbone of enterprise access management.
Question 128:
Which Cisco feature ensures that only compliant devices gain network access through posture validation?
A ISE Posture Assessment
B Stealthwatch Flow Analysis
C Firepower NAT Policy
D Umbrella DNS Policy
Answer: A
Explanation:
Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) Posture Assessment is a critical component of Cisco’s adaptive access and network access control framework, designed to evaluate endpoint compliance both before and during network access. It inspects devices for parameters such as antivirus status, operating system patch levels, disk encryption, firewall status, and other security indicators. If a device fails to meet the defined posture policies, ISE can automatically quarantine it or redirect the user to a remediation portal until the necessary updates or configurations are applied, ensuring that only compliant endpoints gain access to network resources.
Option B, Stealthwatch, provides network traffic monitoring and behavioral analytics but does not assess endpoint posture. Option C, Firepower NAT, is concerned with address translation and has no role in device compliance checks. Option D, Umbrella, delivers DNS-layer protection and blocks access to malicious domains but does not enforce endpoint security policies.
ISE Posture Assessment works in conjunction with the AnyConnect Posture Module, which collects detailed telemetry from endpoints and communicates it to the ISE server. Administrators define posture policies within ISE, specifying the security requirements that endpoints must meet to gain network access. Additionally, ISE can integrate with patch management systems, endpoint management tools, or custom remediation scripts to automate corrective actions, reducing administrative overhead and improving security compliance. This dynamic approach aligns with Zero Trust principles, where continuous verification of device health is required before access is granted.
Within the SCOR exam, ISE Posture Assessment falls under the Network Access Control and Endpoint Compliance objectives. Understanding how posture checks enforce compliance and integrate with remediation workflows is essential for candidates, as it demonstrates Cisco’s approach to adaptive, context-aware network access.
Therefore, option A is correct because Cisco ISE Posture Assessment continuously validates device compliance, enforcing access policies based on security posture and ensuring that only authorized, secure endpoints can connect to the enterprise network.
Question 129:
Which Cisco security component provides automated incident investigation and response playbooks?
A Cisco SecureX Orchestration
B Cisco AMP
C Cisco Firepower
D Cisco Umbrella
Answer: A
Explanation:
Cisco SecureX Orchestration provides comprehensive Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response (SOAR) capabilities, enabling security operations center (SOC) analysts to automate repetitive and time-consuming tasks through intuitive, drag-and-drop playbooks. By integrating with both Cisco and third-party platforms via APIs—including ServiceNow, Slack, Splunk, Firepower, AMP for Endpoints, and Umbrella—SecureX Orchestration allows organizations to streamline incident response, enforce consistent actions across multiple tools, and accelerate threat mitigation. Analysts can automate critical actions such as blocking malicious domains, isolating compromised endpoints, enriching incidents with threat intelligence, or triggering tickets in IT service management systems.
Option B, AMP for Endpoints, provides endpoint protection and detection but does not orchestrate workflows across systems. Option C, Firepower, serves as a next-generation firewall with intrusion prevention and threat defense capabilities, but it lacks automation and cross-platform integration functions. Option D, Umbrella, delivers DNS-layer and cloud security but does not offer orchestration or automated response. By contrast, SecureX Orchestration unifies these tools under a single platform, ensuring that security operations are not only reactive but also proactive and consistent.
SecureX Orchestration reduces mean time to respond (MTTR) and minimizes human error by automating repetitive processes that would otherwise require manual intervention. It provides visibility into complex, multi-tool workflows, allowing SOC teams to focus on higher-level analysis and threat hunting rather than routine administrative tasks. This integration of visibility, automation, and response exemplifies Cisco’s vision for modern security operations and supports enterprise-wide efficiency and scalability.
In the SCOR exam, SecureX Orchestration falls under the Security Automation and Integration domain. Candidates must understand how it enables automated incident response, cross-platform workflow execution, and improved operational efficiency within a SOC environment.
Therefore, option A is correct because Cisco SecureX Orchestration provides automated, cross-platform incident response and workflow execution, reducing manual effort and improving the speed, accuracy, and consistency of security operations.
Question 130:
Which Cisco solution continuously analyzes network flow telemetry to detect data exfiltration and anomalous behavior?
A Cisco Stealthwatch
B Cisco Umbrella
C Cisco AMP for Endpoints
D Cisco Duo
Answer: A
Explanation:
Cisco Stealthwatch is a network security analytics platform that leverages NetFlow, IPFIX, and Encrypted Traffic Analytics (ETA) telemetry to provide advanced Network Detection and Response (NDR) capabilities. By collecting flow-level metadata from routers, switches, and other network devices, Stealthwatch can detect threats and anomalies without performing full deep packet inspection, preserving network performance while maintaining visibility. The platform identifies suspicious activities such as internal reconnaissance, lateral movement, command-and-control communications, and data exfiltration, even when traffic is encrypted.
Option B, Umbrella, provides DNS-layer protection but does not analyze network flows for behavioral anomalies. Option C, AMP for Endpoints, focuses on host-level threat detection and malware protection. Option D, Duo Security, provides identity verification and multi-factor authentication, but it does not monitor network traffic or detect anomalous behaviors. Stealthwatch differentiates itself by establishing baselines of normal network behavior using machine learning, enabling it to flag deviations that may indicate compromised devices or insider threats. The integration with Cisco Talos threat intelligence further enhances detection accuracy by correlating observed traffic with known threat indicators.
Stealthwatch also integrates with Cisco SecureX to provide centralized visibility and automated response workflows. When anomalies are detected, it can trigger alerts, create incident cases, or initiate automated mitigation steps across connected security products. This capability is especially important in modern enterprise networks where encrypted traffic is prevalent and traditional signature-based detection may be insufficient.
Within the SCOR exam, Stealthwatch is emphasized under Network Telemetry and Analytics as a foundational NDR solution. Understanding how it combines flow telemetry, behavioral analysis, and machine learning to detect advanced threats is critical for candidates. Its role in identifying both external and internal threats highlights its value in supporting a Zero Trust security model, where continuous monitoring and anomaly detection are essential.
Therefore, option A is correct because Cisco Stealthwatch continuously analyzes network flow telemetry and encrypted traffic metadata to detect anomalous and malicious activity, providing real-time insights that enhance enterprise threat detection and response.
Question 131:
Which Cisco technology uses global threat intelligence to protect endpoints by detecting and blocking fileless malware and malicious behavior?
A Cisco Secure Endpoint (AMP for Endpoints)
B Cisco Umbrella
C Cisco Stealthwatch
D Cisco ISE
Answer: A
Explanation:
Cisco Secure Endpoint, formerly known as AMP for Endpoints, delivers advanced endpoint protection by continuously monitoring file and process activity across enterprise devices. Unlike traditional signature-based antivirus solutions, Secure Endpoint emphasizes behavior-based detection, retrospective analysis, and threat intelligence from Cisco Talos to identify sophisticated threats such as ransomware, fileless malware, and zero-day attacks. By observing how files and processes behave over time, the platform can detect malicious activity even after initial execution, enabling retrospective quarantine or remediation of previously trusted files that later exhibit harmful behavior.
Option B, Cisco Umbrella, provides DNS-layer security and blocks malicious domains but does not inspect endpoint behavior or detect advanced malware. Option C, Stealthwatch, focuses on network telemetry and behavioral analytics, monitoring flow data for anomalies rather than analyzing host-level threats. Option D, ISE, governs identity and access management, enforcing network access control policies rather than endpoint malware defense. Secure Endpoint stands out by delivering deep endpoint visibility and protection, complementing network- and cloud-focused security controls.
The platform also integrates with Cisco SecureX, enabling automated response workflows across endpoints, networks, and cloud applications. This integration allows SOC analysts to correlate events, respond faster, and maintain a comprehensive view of threats across the enterprise. Secure Endpoint’s capabilities support not only malware prevention but also continuous monitoring, threat hunting, and investigation—critical elements for modern security operations.
In the SCOR exam, Secure Endpoint is highlighted under the Threat Defense and Endpoint Security domains. Candidates are expected to understand its role in detecting advanced threats, integrating intelligence and automation, and protecting endpoints from evolving attack vectors. Its combination of continuous monitoring, behavioral analytics, and retrospective detection demonstrates Cisco’s holistic approach to endpoint security.
Therefore, option A is correct because Cisco Secure Endpoint provides continuous, behavior-based monitoring and uses global threat intelligence to detect fileless malware, ransomware, and zero-day attacks, ensuring comprehensive protection for enterprise devices.
Question 132:
Which Cisco solution uses machine learning to analyze encrypted traffic for threats without decrypting it?
A Cisco Encrypted Traffic Analytics (ETA)
B Cisco Firepower
C Cisco Umbrella
D Cisco Duo
Answer: A
Explanation:
Cisco Encrypted Traffic Analytics (ETA) is a powerful network security technology that enables the detection of threats within encrypted traffic without requiring decryption. As the majority of internet traffic today is encrypted via SSL/TLS, traditional network monitoring and threat detection tools often struggle to inspect this traffic without either decrypting it—which can raise privacy and compliance concerns—or missing potential threats entirely. ETA addresses this challenge by analyzing packet metadata and flow characteristics rather than the payload itself. This metadata includes NetFlow or IPFIX telemetry, TLS handshake patterns, packet lengths, timing information, and sequences of packet lengths and times (SPLT). By leveraging these features, ETA can differentiate normal encrypted communications from anomalous or malicious sessions.
Option B, Cisco Firepower, provides SSL/TLS decryption and inspection capabilities but does not natively detect threats in encrypted flows without first decrypting them. This can introduce privacy challenges or require administrative overhead for certificate management. Option C, Cisco Umbrella, protects users at the DNS and web layers but does not analyze encrypted traffic. Option D, Cisco Duo, focuses on identity verification and multi-factor authentication, making it unrelated to network traffic analytics. In contrast, ETA complements traditional security tools by adding visibility where packet decryption is impractical or prohibited.
Cisco ETA leverages machine learning algorithms and behavioral modeling in combination with Cisco Talos threat intelligence to identify patterns indicative of malicious activity. By analyzing deviations from normal flow behavior, ETA can detect threats such as command-and-control communications, data exfiltration attempts, or malware operating over encrypted channels. Importantly, this approach maintains compliance with privacy regulations because the content of the traffic is never decrypted—only metadata and observable patterns are analyzed. This makes ETA particularly valuable in environments like healthcare, finance, or government, where traffic inspection must respect confidentiality requirements.
Within enterprise networks, ETA is often integrated with Cisco Stealthwatch and other Network Detection and Response (NDR) tools. This combination allows for end-to-end visibility, where encrypted traffic anomalies detected by ETA can trigger alerts, automated responses, or correlation with endpoint and cloud telemetry for holistic threat detection. ETA thus enhances security operations without disrupting privacy or user experience.
Question 133:
Which Cisco feature in Firepower Threat Defense provides automatic updates for intrusion prevention signatures?
A Cisco Talos Intelligence Feed
B Smart Licensing
C Snort 3 Dynamic Updates
D Security Intelligence Filtering
Answer: C
Explanation:
Snort 3 Dynamic Updates in Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) provide automated refresh of intrusion prevention system (IPS) signatures to maintain protection against emerging threats. Snort 3, Cisco’s enhanced open-source IDS/IPS engine, allows for modular and high-performance inspection of network traffic. With Dynamic Updates, the system can automatically download and apply the latest IPS signatures from Cisco Talos, the company’s threat intelligence organization. These signatures include detection rules for new malware, exploits, zero-day vulnerabilities, and other attack techniques, ensuring that FTD devices remain up to date without requiring manual intervention from administrators. This capability is critical in modern networks where threat landscapes evolve rapidly, and delays in signature deployment can expose the organization to compromise.
Option A, the Talos Intelligence Feed, provides the raw intelligence and rules but does not handle automatic deployment on the device; it is a source rather than a mechanism for updates. Option B, Smart Licensing, is responsible for license management and compliance but does not influence IPS signature updates. Option D, Security Intelligence Filtering, focuses on blocking traffic based on blacklisted IPs, domains, or URLs, which is separate from rule-based intrusion detection and does not provide continuous updates for new attack signatures.
One of the key advantages of Snort 3 Dynamic Updates is that new or modified rules can be applied without taking the FTD device offline. This dynamic reload capability ensures that network protection remains uninterrupted while keeping pace with the latest threat intelligence. Additionally, administrators can configure update intervals and policies to balance system performance and security coverage, ensuring critical protections are always in place.
In the context of the SCOR exam, understanding Snort 3 Dynamic Updates highlights Cisco’s approach to proactive and automated network defense. It demonstrates how FTD leverages Talos threat intelligence to maintain effective intrusion prevention, supporting objectives under Network Security and Threat Defense domains.
Therefore, option C is correct because Snort 3 Dynamic Updates enable automated, real-time signature refresh for Cisco Firepower Threat Defense, ensuring continuous, up-to-date protection against new and evolving threats.
Question 134:
Which protocol does Cisco Firepower Management Center use to communicate with Firepower devices for management and event data transfer?
A SSL/TLS over TCP
B SSH
C SNMP
D NetFlow
Answer: A
Explanation:
Cisco Firepower Management Center (FMC) serves as the centralized management platform for Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) devices, providing policy configuration, event monitoring, and security analytics. FMC communicates with managed FTD devices over a secure channel using SSL/TLS, specifically on TCP port 8305. This encrypted communication ensures that sensitive information—including security events, system logs, and configuration changes—is transmitted securely, protecting against interception or tampering. By centralizing management and maintaining a secure communication channel, FMC allows administrators to enforce consistent security policies across multiple FTD appliances while preserving data confidentiality and integrity.
Option B, SSH, is primarily used for command-line access to individual devices and does not support the full range of policy or event management capabilities that FMC provides. Option C, SNMP, is used for monitoring device health, performance, and statistics but is not designed for secure configuration or log transfer. Option D, NetFlow, is a telemetry protocol that collects network flow information for analysis and monitoring, unrelated to device management or policy enforcement.
The secure SSL/TLS channel between FMC and FTD also supports features such as dynamic policy deployment and real-time event collection. Administrators can push intrusion prevention rules, access control policies, and other security configurations from FMC to FTD devices without exposing the network to unnecessary risk. This capability is essential for maintaining a robust security posture, particularly in enterprise environments with multiple distributed devices.
For SCOR exam candidates, understanding the use of SSL/TLS for FMC-to-FTD communication is critical within the Network Security and Infrastructure Protection domain. It illustrates Cisco’s approach to secure management, centralized policy enforcement, and event correlation in modern network security architectures.
Therefore, option A is correct because Cisco FMC uses SSL/TLS over TCP to securely exchange configuration data and event logs with managed Firepower devices, ensuring confidentiality, integrity, and efficient centralized management.
Question 135:
Which Cisco technology provides centralized policy management for VPNs, firewalls, and application visibility in a software-defined WAN environment?
A Cisco vManage
B Cisco Stealthwatch
C Cisco SecureX
D Cisco ISE
Answer: A
Explanation:
Cisco vManage is the centralized management and orchestration platform for Cisco SD-WAN, providing administrators with a unified interface to configure, monitor, and manage the entire SD-WAN fabric. Through vManage, network operators can define VPNs, segment traffic, enforce security policies, implement Quality of Service (QoS), and monitor application performance across distributed branch offices, data centers, and cloud environments. The platform simplifies operations by offering dashboards, templates, and automated provisioning, which reduces manual configuration errors and accelerates deployment.
Option B, Stealthwatch, focuses on network behavior analytics and threat detection but does not handle SD-WAN configuration. Option C, SecureX, provides security orchestration, automation, and response (SOAR) capabilities but is not an SD-WAN management tool. Option D, ISE, enforces identity and access control policies, which are complementary to network security but unrelated to SD-WAN orchestration.
In the SD-WAN architecture, vManage works closely with vSmart controllers to enforce centralized policy across the overlay network and with vBond orchestrators to establish secure control-plane connectivity between edge routers (vEdge or cEdge devices). vManage also supports integration with Cisco Umbrella and Secure Internet Gateway services, enabling secure Internet breakout, DNS-layer threat protection, and consistent policy enforcement across branches. Additionally, vManage provides real-time telemetry, logging, and analytics for proactive network monitoring, which helps identify performance issues and security events promptly.
For SCOR exam candidates, vManage exemplifies centralized network management, policy orchestration, and security integration within modern software-defined WAN environments. Understanding its role is crucial for the Network Infrastructure and Security domains, as it demonstrates how Cisco enables consistent policy enforcement and secure connectivity across a distributed enterprise.
Therefore, A is correct because Cisco vManage provides centralized configuration, monitoring, and security policy enforcement for SD-WAN, streamlining operations while maintaining network visibility, control, and compliance.
Question 136:
Which Cisco component enforces group-based access control using Security Group Tags (SGTs)?
A Cisco TrustSec
B Cisco AMP
C Cisco Stealthwatch
D Cisco Firepower
Answer: A
Explanation:
Cisco TrustSec is Cisco’s network segmentation solution that enables identity- and role-based access control using Security Group Tags (SGTs). Instead of relying on traditional IP-based policies, TrustSec assigns SGTs to users, devices, or workloads during authentication via Cisco ISE. These tags represent the security posture or role of the entity—such as “HR,” “Finance,” or “Guest”—and are used to define access policies consistently across the network. The SGTs are propagated through the network using the Security Group Tag Exchange Protocol (SXP), allowing switches, routers, and firewalls to enforce policies without needing to track individual IP addresses.
Option B, AMP, provides advanced endpoint protection and detection but does not perform network segmentation. Option C, Stealthwatch, focuses on network telemetry and behavioral analytics rather than access enforcement. Option D, Firepower, can enforce access control policies but does not assign or propagate SGTs as part of a scalable, identity-driven framework.
TrustSec simplifies policy management, especially in large, dynamic enterprise environments, by abstracting access control away from IP addresses. Policies can be defined and modified centrally in ISE, and enforcement occurs automatically across the network infrastructure. This approach reduces configuration complexity, minimizes human errors, and aligns with Zero Trust principles by granting access based on identity and role rather than network location. TrustSec integrates with ISE, Firepower, and Cisco switches to provide end-to-end segmentation, protecting sensitive resources and limiting lateral movement in case of a breach.
For SCOR candidates, TrustSec is important under Network Access Control and Zero Trust domains. It demonstrates how Cisco implements scalable, identity-driven segmentation and policy enforcement across wired, wireless, and cloud-connected networks.
Therefore, A is correct because Cisco TrustSec enforces group-based access policies using Security Group Tags, enabling identity-driven segmentation and simplifying network security management.
Question 137:
Which Cisco security solution provides multi-factor authentication and adaptive access policies for cloud and on-premises applications?
A Cisco Duo
B Cisco Umbrella
C Cisco Secure Firewall
D Cisco Stealthwatch
Answer: A
Explanation:
Cisco Duo is a cloud-based multi-factor authentication (MFA) and Zero Trust security solution. It verifies user identity and device health before granting access to applications, whether they are cloud-hosted or on-premises.
Option B, Umbrella, provides DNS-layer protection. Option C, Secure Firewall, focuses on traffic inspection. Option D, Stealthwatch, monitors network behavior.
Duo supports push notifications, passcodes, and biometrics for secure authentication. It also enforces adaptive access based on device posture, location, and user behavior. Duo is an integral part of Cisco’s Zero Trust strategy, protecting organizations from credential theft and unauthorized access.
Therefore, A is correct because Cisco Duo provides multi-factor authentication and adaptive policy enforcement for secure access to applications.
Question 138:
Which Cisco cloud-native solution offers a Secure Access Service Edge (SASE) architecture combining networking and security functions?
A Cisco Umbrella SIG
B Cisco Secure Endpoint
C Cisco Firepower
D Cisco ISE
Answer: A
Explanation:
Cisco Umbrella Secure Internet Gateway (SIG) provides a cloud-native SASE architecture by integrating DNS security, cloud firewall, secure web gateway (SWG), and CASB capabilities. It enables secure internet access for users regardless of location.
Option B, Secure Endpoint, secures endpoints but is not a networking platform. Option C, Firepower, is an on-premises firewall. Option D, ISE, controls access but does not provide SASE capabilities.
Umbrella SIG supports secure connectivity for remote and branch users, enforcing consistent policy and visibility. It also integrates with SD-WAN for seamless traffic routing and control.
Therefore, A is correct because Cisco Umbrella SIG delivers a SASE framework combining network connectivity and security in a cloud-delivered platform.
Question 139:
Which Cisco product detects lateral movement and insider threats using NetFlow and behavioral analytics?
A Cisco Stealthwatch
B Cisco Firepower
C Cisco ISE
D Cisco Umbrella
Answer: A
Explanation:
Cisco Stealthwatch provides advanced network visibility and security analytics by processing NetFlow, IPFIX, and telemetry data. It detects lateral movement, data exfiltration, and insider threats by establishing behavioral baselines for normal traffic patterns.
Option B, Firepower, acts as a firewall but lacks flow analytics. Option C, ISE, manages access policies. Option D, Umbrella, handles DNS-layer security.
Stealthwatch integrates with Cisco SecureX and uses machine learning to correlate anomalies with potential threats. Its ability to analyze encrypted traffic via Encrypted Traffic Analytics enhances visibility without compromising privacy.
Therefore, A is correct because Cisco Stealthwatch uses network telemetry to detect insider threats and suspicious lateral movement.
Question 140:
Which Cisco security tool correlates threat intelligence from multiple sources into a unified dashboard for investigation and automation?
A Cisco SecureX
B Cisco ISE
C Cisco Umbrella
D Cisco AMP
Answer: A
Explanation:
Cisco SecureX is a centralized security platform that aggregates telemetry and threat intelligence from multiple Cisco and third-party products. It provides unified visibility, investigation, and automation across the entire security infrastructure.
Option B, ISE, is focused on identity access control. Option C, Umbrella, operates at the DNS level. Option D, AMP, protects endpoints but lacks global correlation capabilities.
SecureX features case management, automated playbooks, and contextual threat enrichment using Talos intelligence. It significantly reduces mean time to detect and respond to security incidents.
Therefore, A is correct because Cisco SecureX unifies visibility and automation by correlating threat data from various security tools into a single management platform.
